python基础----列表生成式、生成器表达式
结论:
1.把列表解析的[]换成()得到的就是生成器表达式
2.列表解析与生成器表达式都是一种便利的编程方式,只不过生成器表达式更节省内存
3.Python不但使用迭代器协议,让for循环变得更加通用。大部分内置函数,也是使用迭代器协议访问对象的。例如, sum函数是Python的内置函数,该函数使用迭代器协议访问对象,而生成器实现了迭代器协议,所以,我们可以直接这样计算一系列值的和:
sum(x ** 2 for x in xrange(4))
而不用多此一举的先构造一个列表:
sum([x ** 2 for x in xrange(4)])
♥♥♥。◕‿◕。♥♥♥
一、列表生成式
1 #三元表达式 2 name='alex' 3 name='egon' 4 5 res='SB' if name == 'alex' else 'shuai' 6 print(res)
1 #例子1 2 egg_list=[] 3 4 for i in range(100): 5 egg_list.append('egg%s' %i) 6 print(egg_list) 7 8 l=['egg%s' %i for i in range(100) if i > 50] 9 print(l)
1 #例子2 2 l=[1,2,3,4] 3 s='hello' 4 5 l1=[(num,s1) for num in l if num > 2 for s1 in s] 6 print(l1) 7 8 l1=[] 9 for num in l: 10 for s1 in s: 11 t=(num,s1) 12 l1.append(t) 13 print(l1)
1 #例子3 2 import os 3 g=os.walk('C:\\egon') 4 file_path_list=[] 5 for i in g: 6 # print(i) 7 for j in i[-1]: 8 file_path_list.append('%s\\%s' %(i[0],j)) 9 10 print(file_path_list) 11 12 g=os.walk('C:\\egon') 13 l1=['%s\\%s' %(i[0],j) for i in g for j in i[-1]] 14 print(l1)
二、生成器表达式
1 #例子1 2 l=['egg%s' %i for i in range(100)] 3 print(l) 4 5 g=l=('egg%s' %i for i in range(10000)) 6 print(g) 7 print(next(g)) 8 print(next(g)) 9 for i in g: 10 print(i)
1 #例子2 2 f=open('a.txt') 3 l=[] 4 for line in f: 5 line=line.strip() 6 l.append(line) 7 8 print(l) 9 f.seek(0) 10 l1=[line.strip() for line in f] 11 print(l1) 12 13 f.seek(0) 14 g=(line.strip() for line in f) 15 print(g) 16 print(next(g))
1 #例子3 2 f=open('a.txt') 3 g=(line.strip() for line in f) 4 5 l=list(g) 6 print(l) 7 8 nums_g=(i for i in range(3)) 9 10 # print(sum([1,2,3,4])) 11 print(sum(nums_g))
1 #例子4 2 money_l=[] 3 with open('b.txt') as f: 4 for line in f: 5 goods=line.split() 6 res=float(goods[-1])*float(goods[-2]) 7 money_l.append(res) 8 print(money_l) 9 10 f=open('b.txt') 11 g=(float(line.split()[-1])*float(line.split()[-2]) for line in f) 12 13 print(sum(g)) 14 15 with open('b.txt') as f: 16 print(sum((float(line.split()[-1])*float(line.split()[-2]) for line in f)))
1 #例子5 2 res=[] 3 with open('b.txt') as f: 4 for line in f: 5 # print(line) 6 l=line.split() 7 # print(l) 8 d={} 9 d['name']=l[0] 10 d['price']=l[1] 11 d['count']=l[2] 12 res.append(d) 13 print(res)