使用摄像头拍照

在main.xml布局文件添加用于显示取景画面的SurfaceView 控件：

<SurfaceView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="240dip" android:id="@+id/surfaceView" />

SurfaceView surfaceView = (SurfaceView)this.findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);

surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize(176, 144);  //设置分辨率

/*下面设置Surface不维护自己的缓冲区，而是等待屏幕的渲染引擎将内容推送到用户面前*/

surfaceView.getHolder().setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);

Camera camera = Camera.open();

WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);

Display display = wm.getDefaultDisplay();

Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();

parameters.setPreviewSize(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight());//设置预览照片的大小

parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(3);//每秒3帧

parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//设置照片的输出格式

parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);//照片质量

parameters.setPictureSize(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight());//设置照片的大小

camera.setParameters(parameters);

camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceView.getHolder());//通过SurfaceView显示取景画面

camera.startPreview();//开始预览

camera.autoFocus(null);//自动对焦

camera.takePicture(null, null, null, jpegCallback);//拍照片

camera.stopPreview();//停止预览

camera.release();//释放摄像头

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.takepic"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />

    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <!-- 手机屏幕横向显示 -->
        <activity android:name=".TakePicActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name" android:screenOrientation="landscape">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
    <!-- 增加摄像头的访问权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
    <!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
    <!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
</manifest>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<SurfaceView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" 
    android:id="@+id/surfaceview"
    />
</LinearLayout>

package com.takepic;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.CompressFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Display;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback;

public class TakePicActivity extends Activity {
    private final static String TAG="TakePicActivity";
    private SurfaceView surfaceView;
    private Camera camera;
    private boolean  preview=false;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Window window = getWindow();
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);//没有标题
        window.setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);// 设置全屏
        window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);//高亮
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        surfaceView=(SurfaceView)this.findViewById(R.id.surfaceview);
        /*下面设置Surface不维护自己的缓冲区，而是等待屏幕的渲染引擎将内容推送到用户面前*/
        surfaceView.getHolder().setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
        surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize(176, 144);    //设置分辨率

    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
        if(camera!=null&&event.getRepeatCount()==0){//按单次
            switch (keyCode) {
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_SEARCH:
                camera.autoFocus(null);//自动对焦
                break;
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_CAMERA://拍照键
            case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER://确认键
                camera.takePicture(null, null, new TackPicCallBack());
                break;

            default:
                break;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    
    private final class TackPicCallBack implements PictureCallback{
        
        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
            FileOutputStream stream=null;
            try {
                Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);
                File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg");
                stream=new FileOutputStream(file);
                bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, stream);
                //处理完照片继续预览
                camera.stopPreview();
                camera.startPreview();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.i(TAG, e.getMessage());
            }finally{
                if(stream!=null){
                    try {
                        stream.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
    }

    private final class SurfaceViewCallBack implements Callback{

        @Override
        public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
                int height) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            
        }

        @Override
        public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
            try {
                camera=Camera.open();
                Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
                WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
                Display display = wm.getDefaultDisplay();
                parameters.setPreviewSize(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight());//设置预览照片的大小
                parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(3);//每秒3帧
                parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//设置照片的输出格式
                parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);//照片质量 最高质量可以设置为100
                parameters.setPictureSize(display.getWidth(), display.getHeight());//设置照片的大小 如果要拍的大就设置大一些
                camera.setParameters(parameters);
                camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceView.getHolder());//通过SurfaceView显示取景画面
                camera.startPreview();//开始预览
                preview = true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                Log.i(TAG, e.getMessage());
            }
            //preview = true;
            
        }

        @Override
        public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
            if(camera!=null){
                if(preview){
                    camera.stopPreview();//停止预览
                }
                camera.release();
            }
            
        }
        
    }
}