本地测试AJAX请求

Posted on 2016-12-12 10:28 itnnn 阅读(3971) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

要在本地测试AJAX，首先是环境的搭建，因为XHR对象的open方法中参数url是指文件在服务器上的文件。下面以WampServer为例。

1. 下载wamp的安装包，下载地址为：http://221.181.72.84/softdl.360tpcdn.com/WampServer/WampServer_2.5.exe

2.安装wamp。按照步骤安装即可。

3.安装完wamp后，双击桌面上wamp的快捷方式启动wamp。

如果wamp正常启动后，任务栏右下角有绿色的图标：

接下来以W3C的几个完整的测试代码为例。

测试实例1：

ajax.html代码为：

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function showHint(str)//当用户在输入框中键入字符时，会执行函数“showHint（）”，该函数由“onkeyup”事件触发；
{
var xmlhttp;
if (str.length==0)
  { 
  document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML="";
  return;
  }//如果输入框为空（str.length==0），则该函数清空txtHint占位符的内容，并退出函数；
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
  {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
  xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
  }
else
  {// code for IE6, IE5
  xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
  }
xmlhttp.open("GET","http://localhost/my/php/gethint.php?q="+str,true);
xmlhttp.send();
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
  {
  if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
    {
    document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText;
    }
  }

}//如果输入框不为空，showHint（）函数执行以下任务：1.创建XHR对象 2.把请求发送到服务器上的文件 3.当服务器响应就绪时执行函数 4.注意我们向url添加了一个函数q（带有输入框的内容）；
</script>
</head>
<body>

<h3>请在下面的输入框中键入字母（A - Z）：</h3>
<form action=""> 
姓氏：<input type="text" id="txt1" onkeyup="showHint(this.value)" />
</form>
<p>建议：<span id="txtHint"></span></p> 

</body>
</html>

gethint.php代码为：

<?php
// 用名字来填充数组
$a[]="Anna";
$a[]="Brittany";
$a[]="Cinderella";
$a[]="Diana";
$a[]="Eva";
$a[]="Fiona";
$a[]="Gunda";
$a[]="Hege";
$a[]="Inga";
$a[]="Johanna";
$a[]="Kitty";
$a[]="Linda";
$a[]="Nina";
$a[]="Ophelia";
$a[]="Petunia";
$a[]="Amanda";
$a[]="Raquel";
$a[]="Cindy";
$a[]="Doris";
$a[]="Eve";
$a[]="Evita";
$a[]="Sunniva";
$a[]="Tove";
$a[]="Unni";
$a[]="Violet";
$a[]="Liza";
$a[]="Elizabeth";
$a[]="Ellen";
$a[]="Wenche";
$a[]="Vicky";

//获得来自 URL 的 q 参数
$q=$_GET["q"];

//如果 q 大于 0，则查找数组中的所有提示
if (strlen($q) > 0)
  {
  $hint="";
  for($i=0; $i<count($a); $i++)
    {
    if (strtolower($q)==strtolower(substr($a[$i],0,strlen($q))))
      {
      if ($hint=="")
        {
        $hint=$a[$i];
        }
      else
        {
        $hint=$hint." , ".$a[$i];
        }
      }
    }
  }

// 如果未找到提示，则把输出设置为 "no suggestion"
// 否则设置为正确的值
if ($hint == "")
  {
  $response="no suggestion";
  }
else
  {
  $response=$hint;
  }

//输出响应
echo $response;
?>

最后把HTML文件和php文件保存在wamp安装目录下www文件夹下相同的目录下（我的是php文件夹）:

然后通过本地服务器打开html文件（比如我的是http://localhost/my/php/ajax.html）:

测试实例2：

xml.html代码：

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function loadXMLDoc(url)
{
var xmlhttp;
var txt,x,xx,i;
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
  {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
  xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
  }
else
  {// code for IE6, IE5
  xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
  }
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
  {
  if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
    {
    txt="<table border='1'><tr><th>Title</th><th>Artist</th></tr>";
    x=xmlhttp.responseXML.documentElement.getElementsByTagName("CD");
    for (i=0;i<x.length;i++)
      {
      txt=txt + "<tr>";
      xx=x[i].getElementsByTagName("TITLE");
        {
        try
          {
          txt=txt + "<td>" + xx[0].firstChild.nodeValue + "</td>";
          }
        catch (er)
          {
          txt=txt + "<td> </td>";
          }
        }
      xx=x[i].getElementsByTagName("ARTIST");
        {
        try
          {
          txt=txt + "<td>" + xx[0].firstChild.nodeValue + "</td>";
          }
        catch (er)
          {
          txt=txt + "<td> </td>";
          }
        }
      txt=txt + "</tr>";
      }
    txt=txt + "</table>";
    document.getElementById('txtCDInfo').innerHTML=txt;
    }
  }
xmlhttp.open("GET",url,true);
xmlhttp.send();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>

<div id="txtCDInfo">
<button onclick="loadXMLDoc('http://localhost/my/php/cd_catalog.xml')">获得 CD 信息</button>
</div>

</body>
</html>

　cd_catalog.xml代码为：

<CATALOG>
<CD>
<TITLE>Empire Burlesque</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bob Dylan</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Hide your heart</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bonnie Tyler</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>CBS Records</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Greatest Hits</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Dolly Parton</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>RCA</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1982</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Still got the blues</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Gary Moore</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Virgin records</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Eros</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Eros Ramazzotti</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>BMG</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>One night only</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bee Gees</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1998</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Sylvias Mother</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Dr.Hook</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>CBS</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.10</PRICE>
<YEAR>1973</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Maggie May</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Rod Stewart</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Pickwick</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.50</PRICE>
<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Romanza</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Andrea Bocelli</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.80</PRICE>
<YEAR>1996</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>When a man loves a woman</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Percy Sledge</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Black angel</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Savage Rose</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Mega</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1995</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>1999 Grammy Nominees</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Many</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Grammy</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1999</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>For the good times</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Kenny Rogers</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Mucik Master</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>
<YEAR>1995</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Big Willie style</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Will Smith</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Tupelo Honey</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Van Morrison</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1971</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>The very best of</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Cat Stevens</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Island</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Stop</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Sam Brown</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>A and M</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Bridge of Spies</TITLE>
<ARTIST>T'Pau</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Siren</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Private Dancer</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Tina Turner</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Capitol</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1983</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Midt om natten</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Kim Larsen</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Medley</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>
<YEAR>1983</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Pavarotti Gala Concert</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Luciano Pavarotti</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>DECCA</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1991</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>The dock of the bay</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Otis Redding</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Picture book</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Simply Red</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Elektra</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Red</TITLE>
<ARTIST>The Communards</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>London</COMPANY>
<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Unchain my heart</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Joe Cocker</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>EMI</COMPANY>
<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>
<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
</CD>
</CATALOG>

　运行结果：

以上。

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