Android 编程下 SQLite 大数据量操作优化

SQLite 因其小巧轻便被安卓系统广泛采用,当然在操作小数据量时,差异并不明显;但当 SQLite  在操作略大一点的数据时就显得力不存心了,这时的 CRUD 操作对移动存储设备的性能有着极大的要求,另外用户体验的良好性也对 SQLite 的性能优化提出了要求。那么,当我们在操作大数据量时如何对 SQLite 进行优化呢?正确的操作是:开启事务。下面我们通过采用不同的方式向数据库中插入 10000 条数据来进行比较以体现开启事务对 SQLite 性能提升方面所做出的贡献。首先看一张截图来进行一个感性的认识:

 

从上图中我们会很清晰的看到通过普通方式插入 10000 条数据和开启事务插入 10000 条数据之间的差异,整整差了 83 秒。下面我们来看测试代码:

package cn.sunzn.sqlitedatabase;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

   protected static final int SUCCESS_INSERT_TO_DB_ONE = 1;
   protected static final int SUCCESS_INSERT_TO_DB_TWO = 2;
   private EditText et_usedtime1;
   private EditText et_usedtime2;
   Handler handler = new Handler() {

       public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
           super.handleMessage(msg);
           switch (msg.what) {
           case SUCCESS_INSERT_TO_DB_ONE:
               Integer usetime_one = (Integer) msg.obj;
               et_usedtime1.setText("插入10000条数据耗时:" + usetime_one / 1000 + "秒");
               break;
           case SUCCESS_INSERT_TO_DB_TWO:
               Integer usetime_two = (Integer) msg.obj;
               et_usedtime2.setText("插入10000条数据耗时:" + usetime_two / 1000 + "秒");
               break;
           default:
               break;
           }
       }
   };

   public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

       et_usedtime1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_usedtime1);
       et_usedtime2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_usedtime2);
   }

   /**
    * 1. 普通方式插入数据库 10000 条数据
    */
   public void insert1(View view) {
       MySQLiteOpenHelper openHelper = new MySQLiteOpenHelper(getApplicationContext());
       final SQLiteDatabase database = openHelper.getWritableDatabase();
       if (database.isOpen()) {
           new Thread() {
               public void run() {
                   long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
                   for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
                       ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                       values.put("name", "tom:" + i);
                       database.insert("person", "_id", values);
                   }
                   database.close();
                   long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
                   int usetime_one = (int) (end - start);
                   Message message = new Message();
                   message.what = SUCCESS_INSERT_TO_DB_ONE;
                   message.obj = usetime_one;
                   handler.sendMessage(message);
               };
           }.start();
       }
   }

   /**
    * 2. 开启事务插入数据库 10000 条数据
    */
   public void insert2(View view) {
       MySQLiteOpenHelper openHelper = new MySQLiteOpenHelper(getApplicationContext());
       final SQLiteDatabase database = openHelper.getWritableDatabase();
       if (database.isOpen()) {
           new Thread() {
               public void run() {
                   long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
                   database.beginTransaction();
                   for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
                       ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                       values.put("name", "tom:" + i);
                       database.insert("person", "_id", values);
                   }
                   database.setTransactionSuccessful();
                   database.endTransaction();
                   database.close();
                   long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
                   int usetime_two = (int) (end - start);
                   Message message = new Message();
                   message.what = SUCCESS_INSERT_TO_DB_TWO;
                   message.obj = usetime_two;
                   handler.sendMessage(message);
               };
           }.start();
       }
   }

   public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
       getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
       return true;
   }
}

为什么只是开启了一个事务就会有这么大的差距呢?很简单,SQLite 缺省为每个操作开启了一个事务,那么测试代码循环插入 10000 次开启了 10000 个事务,"事务开启 + SQL 执行 + 事务关闭" 自然耗费了大量的时间,这也是后面显式开启事务后为什么如此快的原因。

 

posted @ 2013-01-27 00:17  sunzn  阅读(9876)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报