Python3 使用requests库读取本地保存的cookie文件实现免登录访问
1. 读取selenium模块保存的本地cookie文件来访问知乎
读取http://www.cnblogs.com/strivepy/p/9233389.html保存的本地cookie来访问知乎的用户设置界面,用selenium保存下来的json文件如下格式:
1 [{"domain": "www.zhihu.com", "expiry": 1527855266.402958, "httpOnly": false, "name": "tgw_l7_route", "path": "/", "secure": false, "value": "200d77f3369d188920b797ddf09ec8d1"}, 2 {"domain": ".zhihu.com", "expiry": 1622462366.40309, "httpOnly": false, "name": "d_c0", "path": "/", "secure": false, "value": "\"AFAkkY_hrg2PTvLVtweW-Ok8mRLKop4IJZY=|1527854371\""}, 3 {"domain": ".zhihu.com", "httpOnly": false, "name": "_xsrf", "path": "/", "secure": false, "value": "7da6b4e4-c77d-47a4-81fa-68b1262235c8"}....后面的删掉了]
包含很多用不到的信息,比如path、secure等,在读取cookie只需要读取每个cookie的name和value属性。代码放在名为zhihu.py模块中:
1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 import requests 4 import json 5 import os 6 from requests.cookies import RequestsCookieJar 7 8 9 def parse_index(): 10 url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/settings/account' 11 headers = { 12 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.146 Safari/537.36' 13 } 14 cookies = getcookies_decode_to_dict() 15 # cookies = getcookies_decode_to_cookiejar() 16 # requests.get()方法的cookies参数只接收Dict或者CookieJar对象 17 response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, cookies=cookies) 18 print(response.url) 19 print(response.text) 20 21 22 def getcookies_decode_to_dict(): 23 path = os.getcwd() + '/cookies/' 24 if not os.path.exists(path): 25 print('Cookie文件不存在,请先运行cookiesload.py') 26 else: 27 cookies_dict = {} 28 with open(path + 'cookies.txt', 'r') as f: 29 cookies = json.loads(f.read()) 30 for cookie in cookies: 31 cookies_dict[cookie['name']] = cookie['value'] 32 return cookies_dict 33 34 35 def getcookies_decode_to_cookiejar(): 36 path = os.getcwd() + '/cookies/' 37 if not os.path.exists(path): 38 print('Cookie文件不存在,请先运行cookiesload.py') 39 else: 40 cookiejar = RequestsCookieJar() 41 with open(path + 'cookies.txt', 'r') as f: 42 cookies = json.loads(f.read()) 43 for cookie in cookies: 44 cookiejar.set(cookie['name'], cookie['value']) 45 return cookiejar 46 47 48 if __name__ == '__main__': 49 parse_index()
获取到的源码显示,已经成功抓取到知乎用户设置页面。