linux内核安装指南-3
ake defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
symbol values from arch/$ARCH/defconfig.
使用arch/$ARCH/defconfig中默认的特征值建立一个配置文件
"make allyesconfig"
Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to ''y'' as much as possible.
尽可能地使用''y''设置特征值，来建立一个配置文件
"make allmodconfig"
Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to ''m'' as much as possible.
尽可能地使用''m''设置特征值，来建立一个配置文件
"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to ''n'' as much as possible.
尽可能地使用''n''设置特征值，来建立一个配置文件
"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
values to random values.
尽可能地使用随机值来设置特征值，来建立一个配置文件
The allyesconfig/allmodconfig/allnoconfig/randconfig variants can
also use the environment variable KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG to specify a
filename that contains config options that the user requires to be
set to a specific value. If KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG=filename is not used,
"make *config" checks for a file named "all{yes/mod/no/random}.config"
for symbol values that are to be forced. If this file is not found,
it checks for a file named "all.config" to contain forced values.
allyesconfig/allmodconfig/allnoconfig/randconfig变量也可以使用环境变量
KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG来指定一个文件，这个文件里，已经将用户要求的配置项设置
为一个特定的值。如果KCONFIG_ALLCONFIG=filename没有被使用，"make *config"
就会检查一个名叫"all{yes/mod/no/random}.config"的文件，获取强制要求的特征值。
如果这个文件没有被找到，它就会检查名叫"all.config"的文件，获取其中包含的被
强制指定的值。
NOTES on "make config":
- having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
不需要的驱动可能让内核变大，并且在某些情况下，会导致问题：探测一个不存在
的控制卡可能会让你的其他控制器混乱。
- compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
将处理器类型设置高于386，可能导致编译后的内核无法在386上工作。这个内核在启动
时检测到这个问题，并自动放弃。
- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
have a math coprocessor or not.
如果数学仿真被编译进内核，仍将使用它所代表的协处理器：在这个例子中，数学
仿真从不会被使用。内核只是轻微地有点大，但是它将能够工作在不同地机器，不论他们
是否真的拥有数学协处理器。
- the "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
should probably answer ''n'' to the questions for
"development", "experimental", or "debugging" features.
"kernel hacking"配置细节上，通常会导致一个更大或者更慢的内核，或者两者兼有。
甚至能让内核更不稳定，通过配置激活一些过程，尝试中断坏的代码以发现内核问题(kmalloc())。
这样，你可能需要对"development"、"experimental"、"debugging"特征的问题回答''n''。
COMPILING the kernel:
- Make sure you have at least gcc 3.2 available.
For more information, refer to Documentation/Changes.
确认你最少有gcc 3.2能用。更多的信息参考Changes文件。
Please note that you can still run a.out user programs with this kernel.
请注意，你仍然能使用这个内核运行a.out格式的用户程序。
- Do a "make" to create a compressed kernel image. It is also
possible to do "make install" if you have lilo installed to suit the
kernel makefiles, but you may want to check your particular lilo setup first.
使用"make"创建一个压缩的内核映象文件。也可能需要运行"make install"，如果你已经安装了
lilo来配合内核编译文件，但是你最好单独地先检查你lilo安装。
To do the actual install you have to be root, but none of the normal
build should require that. Don''t take the name of root in vain.
为了精确地安装，你必须是root用户，但没有一个正常地创建过程需要那个。不要
徒劳无益地使用root。
- If you configured any of the parts of the kernel as `modules'', you
will also have to do "make modules_install".
如果你将内核的任何组件配置为模块"modules"，你可能需要执行"make modules_install"
- Keep a backup kernel handy in case something goes wrong. This is
especially true for the development releases, since each new release
contains new code which has not been debugged. Make sure you keep a
backup of the modules corresponding to that kernel, as well. If you
are installing a new kernel with the
文章出处：DIY部落(http://www.diybl.com/course/6_system/linux/Linuxjs/20071215/92305_3.html)
