selenium实例：unittest框架+PO开发模式
- 1. 项目结构
- 2. 项目代码
1) globalparameter.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import time,os
'''
配置全局参数
'''
# 项目的绝对路径（因为 windows执行时需要绝对路径才能执行通过）
# project_path = "D:\\for2017\\SPframework-Helen_2.0\\"
# 获取项目路径
project_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)[0]), '.'))
print project_path
# 测试用例代码存放路径（用于构建suite,注意该文件夹下的文件都应该以test开头命名）
test_case_path = project_path+"\\src\\test_case"
# excel测试数据文档存放路径
test_data_path = project_path+"\\data\\testData.xlsx"
# 日志文件存储路径
log_path = project_path+"\\log\\mylog.log"
print u'日志路径：'+log_path
# 测试报告存储路径，并以当前时间作为报告名称前缀
report_path = project_path+"\\report\\"
report_name = report_path+time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%S', time.localtime())
# 异常截图存储路径,并以当前时间作为图片名称前缀
img_path = project_path+"\\error_img\\"+time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%S', time.localtime())
# 设置发送测试报告的公共邮箱、用户名和密码
smtp_sever = 'mail.**.com' # 邮箱SMTP服务，各大运营商的smtp服务可以在网上找，然后可以在foxmail这些工具中验正
email_name = "SDS@**.com" # 发件人名称
email_password = "****" # 发件人登录密码
email_To = '5047**0@qq.com;54*0016@qq.com;hel**ter@163.com' # 收件人
2) log.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import logging
from config import globalparameter as gl
'''
配置日志文件，输出INFO级别以上的日志
'''
class log:
def __init__(self):
self.logname = "mylog"
def setMSG(self, level, msg):
# 之前把下面定义log的一大段代码写在了__init__里面，造成了日志重复输出
# 此大坑，谨记谨记！！！!
logger = logging.getLogger()
# 定义Handler输出到文件和控制台
fh = logging.FileHandler(gl.log_path)
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
# 定义日志输出格式
formater = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s' ")
fh.setFormatter(formater)
ch.setFormatter(formater)
# 添加Handler
logger.addHandler(fh)
logger.addHandler(ch)
# 添加日志信息，输出INFO级别的信息
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
if level=='debug':
logger.debug(msg)
elif level=='info':
logger.info(msg)
elif level=='warning':
logger.warning(msg)
elif level=='error':
logger.error(msg)
# 移除句柄，否则日志会重复输出
logger.removeHandler(fh)
logger.removeHandler(ch)
fh.close()
def debug(self, msg):
self.setMSG('debug', msg)
def info(self, msg):
self.setMSG('info', msg)
def warning(self, msg):
self.setMSG('warning', msg)
def error(self, msg):
self.setMSG('error', msg)
3) send_mail.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import os,smtplib,os.path
from config import globalparameter as gl
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from src.common import log
'''
邮件发送最新的测试报告
'''
class send_email:
def __init__(self):
self.mylog = log.log()
# 定义邮件内容
def email_init(self,report,reportName):
with open(report,'rb')as f:
mail_body = f.read()
# 创建一个带附件的邮件实例
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# 以测试报告作为邮件正文
msg.attach(MIMEText(mail_body,'html','utf-8'))
report_file = MIMEText(mail_body,'html','utf-8')
# 定义附件名称（附件的名称可以随便定义，你写的是什么邮件里面显示的就是什么）
report_file["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment;filename='+reportName
msg.attach(report_file) # 添加附件
msg['Subject'] = '自动化测试报告:'+reportName # 邮件标题
msg['From'] = gl.email_name #发件人
msg['To'] = gl.email_To #收件人列表
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP(gl.smtp_sever)
server.login(gl.email_name,gl.email_password)
server.sendmail(msg['From'],msg['To'].split(';'),msg.as_string())
server.quit()
except smtplib.SMTPException:
self.mylog.error(u'邮件发送测试报告失败 at'+__file__)
def sendReport(self):
# 找到最新的测试报告
report_list = os.listdir(gl.report_path)
report_list.sort(key=lambda fn: os.path.getmtime(gl.report_path+fn) if not os.path.isdir(gl.report_path+fn) else 0)
new_report = os.path.join(gl.report_path,report_list[-1])
# 发送邮件
self.email_init(new_report,report_list[-1])
4) excel_data.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import xlrd
from src.common import log
from config.globalparameter import test_data_path
'''
读取excel文件
'''
class excel:
def __init__(self):
self.mylog = log.log()
def open_excel(self,file):
u'''读取excel文件'''
try:
data = xlrd.open_workbook(file)
return data
except Exception, e:
self.mylog.error(u"打开excel文件失败")
def excel_table(self,file, sheetName):
u'''装载list'''
data = self.open_excel(file)
# 通过工作表名称，获取到一个工作表
table = data.sheet_by_name(sheetName)
# 获取行数
Trows = table.nrows
# 获取 第一行数据
Tcolnames = table.row_values(0)
lister = []
for rownumber in range(1,Trows):
row = table.row_values(rownumber)
if row:
app = {}
for i in range(len(Tcolnames)):
app[Tcolnames[i]] = row[i]
lister.append(app)
return lister
def get_list(self,sheetname):
try:
data_list = self.excel_table(test_data_path, sheetname)
assert len(data_list)>=0,u'excel标签页:'+sheetname+u'为空'
return data_list
except Exception as e:
self.mylog.error(u'excel标签页:'+sheetname+u'为空')
raise e
5) Base_Page.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from src.common import log
from config.globalparameter import img_path
'''
project:封装页面公用方法
'''
class BasePage(object):
def __init__(self, selenium_driver, base_url, page_title):
self.driver = selenium_driver
self.url = base_url
self.title = page_title
self.mylog = log.log()
# 打开页面,并校验链接是否加载正确
def _open(self, url, page_title):
try:
self.driver.get(url)
self.driver.maximize_window()
# 通过断言输入的title是否在当前title中
assert page_title in self.driver.title, u'打开页面失败：%s' % url
except:
self.mylog.error(u'未能正确打开页面:'+url)
# 重写find_element方法，增加定位元素的健壮性
def find_element(self, *loc):
try:
WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc))
return self.driver.find_element(*loc)
except:
self.mylog.error(u'找不到元素:'+str(loc))
# 重写send_keys方法
def send_keys(self, value, clear=True, *loc):
try:
if clear:
self.find_element(*loc).clear()
self.find_element(*loc).send_keys(value)
except AttributeError:
self.mylog.error(u'输入失败,loc='+str(loc)+u';value='+value)
# 截图
def img_screenshot(self, img_name):
try:
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(img_path+img_name+'.png')
except:
self.mylog.error(u'截图失败：'+img_name)
6) baidu_page.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from src.common.Base_Page import BasePage
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
class BaiduPage(BasePage):
# 定位器
keywords_loc = (By.ID, 'kw')
submit_loc = (By.ID, 'su')
hao123_loc = (By.NAME, 'tj_trhao123')
more_loc = (By.LINK_TEXT, u'更多产品')
zhidao_loc = (By.NAME,'tj_zhidao')
# 打开页面
def open(self):
self._open(self.url, self.title)
# 输入关键词
def input_keywords(self, keywords):
self.find_element(*self.keywords_loc).send_keys(keywords)
# 点击搜索按钮
def click_submit(self):
self.find_element(*self.submit_loc).click()
# 点击hao123链接
def click_hao123(self):
self.find_element(*self.hao123_loc).click()
# 鼠标悬停在"更多产品"上
def ActionChains_more(self):
mouse = self.find_element(*self.more_loc)
ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(mouse).perform()
# 点击“全部产品”
def click_zhidao(self):
self.find_element(*self.zhidao_loc).click()
7) test_baidu.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from src.pages.baidu_page import BaiduPage
from time import sleep
'''
project:百度页面测试
'''
class TestBaiduSearch(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
self.url = 'https://www.baidu.com/'
self.keyword = 'python'
self.baidu_page = BaiduPage(self.driver, self.url, u'百度')
def test_baidu_search(self):
u'''百度搜索'''
try:
self.baidu_page.open()
self.baidu_page.input_keywords(self.keyword)
self.baidu_page.click_submit()
sleep(2)
self.assertIn(self.keyword, self.driver.title)
except Exception as e:
self.baidu_page.img_screenshot(u'百度搜索')
raise e
def test_baidu_changeto_hao123(self):
u'''从百度首页打开hao123'''
try:
self.baidu_page.open()
self.baidu_page.click_hao123()
self.assertEqual(self.driver.current_url, 'https://www.hao123.com/')
except Exception as e:
self.baidu_page.img_screenshot(u'从百度首页打开hao123')
raise e
def test_baidu_more(self):
u'''打开百度知道'''
try:
self.baidu_page.open()
self.baidu_page.ActionChains_more()
self.baidu_page.click_zhidao()
self.assertEqual(self.driver.current_url, 'https://zhidao.baidu.com/')
except Exception as e:
self.baidu_page.img_screenshot(u'打开百度知道')
raise e
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.close()
8) sogou_page.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from src.common.Base_Page import BasePage
'''
project:sogo页面元素管理
'''
class sogou_page(BasePage):
# 定位
keyword_loc = (By.ID, 'query')
sumit_loc = (By.ID, 'stb')
def open(self):
self._open(self.url,self.title)
# 输入关键词
def input_keyword(self, value):
self.find_element(*self.keyword_loc).send_keys(value)
# 点击搜索
def click_sumit(self):
self.find_element(*self.sumit_loc).click()
9) test_sogou.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from src.pages.sogou_page import sogou_page
from src.common.log import log
from src.common import excel_data
'''sogou页面测试
'''
class test_sogou(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.mylog = log()
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox()
self.url = 'https://www.sogou.com/'
self.sogou_page = sogou_page(self.driver,self.url,u'搜狗')
self.excel = excel_data.excel()
def test_search(self):
u'''搜狗搜索:excel数据驱动'''
keyword_list = self.excel.get_list('sogou_search')
for i in range(0, len(keyword_list)):
keyword = keyword_list[i]["keyword"]
try:
self.sogou_page.open()
self.sogou_page.input_keyword(keyword)
self.sogou_page.click_sumit()
# 因为assert对比是的str所以要判断keyword类型如何不是str, 就要进行转换
if type(keyword)!=str:
keyword = str(keyword)
self.assertIn(keyword,self.driver.title)
except Exception as e:
self.mylog.error('error for search keyword:'+str(keyword))
self.sogou_page.img_screenshot(u'搜狗搜索')
raise e
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.close()
if __name__=='__main__':
unittest.main()
10) runtest.py
# coding:utf-8
__author__ = 'helen'
import unittest,time,HTMLTestRunner
from config.globalparameter import test_case_path,report_name
from src.common import send_email
'''
构建测试套件，并执行测试
'''
# 构建测试集,包含src/test_case目录下的所有以test开头的.py文件
suite = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(start_dir=test_case_path,pattern='test*.py')
# 执行测试
if __name__=="__main__":
report = report_name+"Report.html"
fb = open(report,'wb')
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(
stream=fb,
title=u'自动化测试报告',
description=u'项目描述。………'
)
runner.run(suite)
fb.close()
# 发送邮件
time.sleep(10) # 设置睡眠时间，等待测试报告生成完毕（这里被坑了＝＝）
email = send_email.send_email()
email.sendReport()
