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Android数据存储之SQLite的操作

  Android作为一个应用在移动设备上的操作系统,自然也就少不了数据的存储。然而SQLite作为一个轻型的关系型数据库,基于其轻量、跨平台、多语言接口及安全性等诸多因数考虑,因而Android较大的数据存储采用了SQLite。SQLite与大多数关系型数据库一样都遵循ACID,语法也非常相似。只要您懂得mysql、sqlserver等关系型数据库的操作,只要查看下SQLite的官方文档便可快速上手。SQLite语法您可通过http://sqlite.org/lang.html进行查看。

  接下来看看Android是怎样操作SQLite的吧。Android下只要扩展SQLiteOpenHelper接口,并实现其Create和update方法便可以便捷地对SQLite进行管理。下面看下数据库管理类。

package com.example.ibm.myappsqllite;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

/**
 * Created by ibm on 2015/9/11.
 */
public class Db extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    public Db(Context context, int version) {
        super(context, "db", null, version);//可以根据最后一个参数的version来完成表的自动创建和升级
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        String sql = "CREATE TABLE user(" +
                "id integer primary key autoincrement, " +
                "name TEXT DEFAULT \"\"," + "sex TEXT DEFAULT \"\")";
        System.out.println("创建数据库:" + sql);
        db.execSQL(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {//更新数据库
        String sql = "ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN mark TEXT DEFAULT \"\"";
        System.out.println("更新数据库:" + sql);
        db.execSQL(sql);
    }
}

  在MainActivity.java中的onCreate方法添加如下代码。

Db db = new Db(this, 1);

        //清空数据
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDb = db.getWritableDatabase();
        System.out.println("------------清空表数据------------");
        sqLiteDb.delete("user", null, null);
        System.out.println("------------充值表自增ID------------");
        sqLiteDb.execSQL("update sqlite_sequence SET seq = 0 where name ='user';");//重置id
        sqLiteDb.close();

//        写入数据
        System.out.println("------------写入数据------------");
        sqLiteDb = db.getWritableDatabase();
        ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
        cv.put("name", "王五");
        cv.put("sex", "男");
        sqLiteDb.insert("user", null, cv);

        cv = new ContentValues();
        cv.put("name", "李利");
        cv.put("sex", "女");
        sqLiteDb.insert("user", null, cv);
        sqLiteDb.close();

//        查询数据
        db = new Db(this, 2);
        System.out.println("------------查询数据1------------");
        SQLiteDatabase sqLiteDbup = db.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = sqLiteDbup.query("user", new String[]{"id", "name", "sex"}, null, null, null, null, null);

        while (c.moveToNext()) {
            Integer id = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndex("id"));
            String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("name"));
            String sex = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("sex"));
            System.out.println(String.format("id: %d, name: %s, sex: %s", id, name, sex));
        }
        sqLiteDbup.close();

//更新数据
        System.out.println("------------更新数据------------");
        SQLiteDatabase sqldb = db.getWritableDatabase();
        ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
        contentValues.put("sex", "gay");
        contentValues.put("mark", "wang wu is gay");
        String[] whereValues = {"王五"};
        sqldb.update("user", contentValues, "name = ?", whereValues);
        sqldb.close();


//        查询数据
        System.out.println("------------查询数据2------------");
        sqLiteDbup = db.getReadableDatabase();
        c = sqLiteDbup.query("user", new String[]{"id", "name", "sex", "mark"}, null, null, null, null, null);

        while (c.moveToNext()) {
            Integer id = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndex("id"));
            String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("name"));
            String sex = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("sex"));
            String mark = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("mark"));
            System.out.println(String.format("id: %d, name: %s, sex: %s, mark: %s", id, name, sex, mark));
        }
        sqLiteDbup.close();

        //删除数据
        System.out.println("------------删除数据------------");
        sqldb = db.getWritableDatabase();
        String[] delWhere = {"李利"};
        sqldb.delete("user", "name = ?", delWhere);
        sqldb.close();

//        查询数据
        System.out.println("------------查询数据3------------");
        sqLiteDbup = db.getReadableDatabase();
        c = sqLiteDbup.query("user", new String[]{"id", "name", "sex", "mark"}, null, null, null, null, null);

        while (c.moveToNext()) {
            Integer id = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndex("id"));
            String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("name"));
            String sex = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("sex"));
            String mark = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("mark"));
            System.out.println(String.format("id: %d, name: %s, sex: %s, mark: %s", id, name, sex, mark));
        }
        sqLiteDbup.close();

        db.close();

  将应用运行到虚拟机后,你可以看到如下结果

09-11 18:58:29.460    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ 创建数据库:CREATE TABLE user(id integer primary key autoincrement, name TEXT DEFAULT "",sex TEXT DEFAULT "")
09-11 18:58:29.500    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------清空表数据------------
09-11 18:58:29.532    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------充值表自增ID------------
09-11 18:58:29.532    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------写入数据------------
09-11 18:58:29.616    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------查询数据1------------
09-11 18:58:29.628    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ 更新数据库:ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN mark TEXT DEFAULT ""
09-11 18:58:29.640    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ id: 1, name: 王五, sex: 男
09-11 18:58:29.644    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ id: 2, name: 李利, sex: 女
09-11 18:58:29.644    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------更新数据------------
09-11 18:58:29.668    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------查询数据2------------
09-11 18:58:29.684    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ id: 1, name: 王五, sex: gay, mark: wang wu is gay
09-11 18:58:29.684    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ id: 2, name: 李利, sex: 女, mark:
09-11 18:58:29.688    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------删除数据------------
09-11 18:58:29.708    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ ------------查询数据3------------
09-11 18:58:29.716    6647-6647/com.example.ibm.myappsqllite I/System.out﹕ id: 1, name: 王五, sex: gay, mark: wang wu is gay

  此时可以查看下模拟器中的/data/data/项目包/databases/目录下,已经存在了一个db数据库(名字为前面定义的数据库名)。

 

posted @ 2015-09-11 20:38  秋楓  阅读(3645)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报