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各大类库的类工厂

类工厂是指用于生成类的函数,我们不能每写一个类都重复以下代码,要好好封装一下!

var F = function(){}
F.prototype = SuperClass.prototype;
SubClass.prototype = new F;
SubClass.prototype.constructor = SubClass

Prototype.js1.6之后的类工厂

var Animal = Class.create({
  initialize: function(name, sound) {
    this.name  = name;
    this.sound = sound;
  },

  speak: function() {
    alert(this.name + " says: " + this.sound + "!");
  }
});

// subclassing Animal
var Snake = Class.create(Animal, {
  initialize: function($super, name) {
    $super(name, 'hissssssssss');
  }
});

var ringneck = new Snake("Ringneck");
ringneck.speak();
//-> alerts "Ringneck says: hissssssssss!"

var rattlesnake = new Snake("Rattler");
rattlesnake.speak();
//-> alerts "Rattler says: hissssssssss!"

// mixing-in Enumerable
var AnimalPen = Class.create(Enumerable, {  
  initialize: function() {
    var args = $A(arguments);
    if (!args.all( function(arg) { return arg instanceof Animal }))
      throw "Only animals in here!"

    this.animals = args;
  },

  // implement _each to use Enumerable methods
  _each: function(iterator) {
    return this.animals._each(iterator);
  }
});

var snakePen = new AnimalPen(ringneck, rattlesnake);
snakePen.invoke('speak');
//-> alerts "Ringneck says: hissssssssss!"
//-> alerts "Rattler says: hissssssssss!"

通过Class.create来创建一个类与连结一个父类与其他材料构成一个子类。想调用同名父方法,需要在此方法的参数中传入一个$super参数。

dojo的类工厂:

var F = function(){}
F.prototype = SuperClass.prototype;
SubClass.prototype = new F();
SubClassprototype.constructor = SubClass

Prototype.js1.6之后的类定义

dojo.declare(
    "TestClass",
    null,
    {
        id:"",
        info: { name : "",age:""},
        staticValue:{count:0},
        constructor : function(id,name,age) {
            this.id=id;
            this.info.name=name;
            this.info.age=age             
            this.staticValue.count++;  
             }
    }
);

它有三个参数,类名,父类,与一个对象,里面包含构建这个类的材料。

YUI的类工厂

// http://blog.csdn.net/phphot/article/details/4325823

YUI().use('oop', function(Y) {
    var Bird = function(name) {
        this.name = name;
    };
    Bird.prototype.getName = function(){ return this.name; };

    var Chicken = function(name) {
        Chicken.superclass.constructor.call(this, name);
    };
    Y.extend(Chicken, Bird);

    var chicken = new Chicken('Tom');
    Y.log(chicken.getName());
});

supperclass 有两个作用:一是可以用来调用父类的方法,二是可以通过 supperclass.constructor 调用父类的构造函数。一举两得.

不过它相对于其他类工厂来说是非常原始的,只负责连结子类与父类。

Simple JavaScript Inheritance

这是jquery作者搞的东西

// http://ejohn.org/blog/simple-javascript-inheritance/

var Person = Class.extend({
  init: function(isDancing){
    this.dancing = isDancing;
  },
  dance: function(){
    return this.dancing;
  }
});

var Ninja = Person.extend({
  init: function(){
    this._super( false );
  },
  dance: function(){
    // Call the inherited version of dance()
    return this._super();
  },
  swingSword: function(){
    return true;
  }
});

var p = new Person(true);
p.dance(); // => true

var n = new Ninja();
n.dance(); // => false
n.swingSword(); // => true

// Should all be true
p instanceof Person && p instanceof Class &&
n instanceof Ninja && n instanceof Person && n instanceof Class




由Class.create来创建父类,然后通过父类的extend方法加个属性包创建子类.

mootools的类工厂

//  http://hmking.blog.51cto.com/3135992/682098
    var Animal = new Class({ 
        initialize: function (age) { 
            this.age = age; 
        } 
    }); 
    var Cat = new Class({ 
        Extends: Animal, 
        initialize: function (name, age) { 
            this.parent(age); // calls initalize method of Animal class 
            this.name = name; 
        } 
    }); 
     
    var cat = new Cat('Micia', 20); 
    console.log(cat.name); // 'Micia' 
    console.log(cat.age); // 20 

它应该是所有框架中最复杂也是最强大的,涉及的API就有Mutator Extends Implements还有从Type继承过来的extend implement,它内部拷贝父类属性还用到了深拷贝!

Extends: 可以实现父类,也可以调用父类初始化 this.parent()。而且会覆盖父类定义的变量或者函数。

Implements: 实现父类,子类不可以覆盖父类的方法或者变量。即使子类定义与父类相同的变量或者函数,也会被父类取代掉。

implement: 是用于调整已经创建好的类的原型成员.

extend: 调用子类(非其实例)的extend方法创建一个新的子类.

mass Framework的类工厂

//http://rubylouvre.github.com/doc/index.html

$.require("class,spec", function() {
 
    var Shape = $.factory({
        init: function(len) {
            $.log(len)
            this.length = len || 0;
        },
        getLength: function() {
            return this.length;
        },
        setLength: function(len) {
            this.length = len;
        },
        getArea: function() {
            throw "Subclasses must implement this method"
        }
    })
 
    var Triangle = $.factory({
        inherit: Shape,
        init: function(len, hei) { //len属性在父类中已定义,这里可以省去
            this.height = hei || 0;
        },
        getArea: function() {
            return this.length * this.height / 2
        }
    })
    var Square = $.factory({
        inherit: Shape,
        getArea: function() {
            return this.length * this.length;
        }
    });
    var t = new Triangle(3, 4)
    $.log(t.getArea(), true)
    var s = new Square(4)
    $.log(s.getArea(), true)
});

$.factory为类工厂,参数为一个普通对象,此对象拥有如下可选属性

  • init为新类的构造器,没有默认传入空函数进去
  • inherit为新类的父类
  • extend的参数是一个对象或对象数组,不管怎么样,这些对象的属性只是为新类添加静态成员,或者说它们是添加到类之上的
  • implement的参数是一个对象或对象数组或类(类即函数),这些对象的属性只是为新类添加实例成员,或者说它们是添加到类的原型上.

posted on 2012-09-10 17:17  司徒正美  阅读(4159)  评论(4编辑  收藏  举报