Android MediaPlayer架构 -- 前言小知识点(一)

  在Android中可以使用MediaPlayer+SurfaceView来实现一个简单的多媒体播放器。

一  构造函数

  java MediaPlayer class 的源码位置:frameworks\base\media\java\android\media\MediaPlayer.java

  首先看一下其构造函数:

 1     public MediaPlayer() {
 2 
 3         Looper looper;
 4         if ((looper = Looper.myLooper()) != null) {
 5             mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);
 6         } else if ((looper = Looper.getMainLooper()) != null) {
 7             mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);
 8         } else {
 9             mEventHandler = null;
10         }
11 
12         mTimeProvider = new TimeProvider(this);
13         mOpenSubtitleSources = new Vector<InputStream>();
14         IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);
15         mAppOps = IAppOpsService.Stub.asInterface(b);
16 
17         /* Native setup requires a weak reference to our object.
18          * It's easier to create it here than in C++.
19          */
20         native_setup(new WeakReference<MediaPlayer>(this)); // 在实例化MediaPlayer对象时,会调用一个native_setup方法
21     }

  在实例化MediaPlayer对象时,会调用一个native_setup方法:

1 private native final void native_setup(Object mediaplayer_this);

  在JNI代码(frameworks\base\media\jni\android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp)中可以找到对应的native函数:

 1 static void
 2 android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject weak_this)
 3 {
 4     ALOGV("native_setup");
 5     sp<MediaPlayer> mp = new MediaPlayer(); // 实例化一个native MediaPlayer(frameworks\av\media\libmedia\mediaplayer.cpp)
 6     if (mp == NULL) {
 7         jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/RuntimeException", "Out of memory");
 8         return;
 9     }
10 
11     // create new listener and give it to MediaPlayer
12     sp<JNIMediaPlayerListener> listener = new JNIMediaPlayerListener(env, thiz, weak_this);
13     mp->setListener(listener);
14 
15     // Stow our new C++ MediaPlayer in an opaque field in the Java object.
16     setMediaPlayer(env, thiz, mp);
17 }

  在JNI可以看到,sp<MediaPlayer> mp = new MediaPlayer() 这个native MediaPlayer会去和media service进行交互实现真正的播放功能。

 

 二  设置Listener

  在JNI 函数 android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup 中有为MediaPlayer设置listener,目的就是通过callback的方式将player的事件上传至java层,以便用户做出对应的处理

1     // create new listener and give it to MediaPlayer
2     sp<JNIMediaPlayerListener> listener = new JNIMediaPlayerListener(env, thiz, weak_this);
3     mp->setListener(listener);

 

  从上面这两行代码可以看到,首先我们实例化一个JNIMediaPlayerListener对象,然后将这个对象传递给了C++ MediaPlayer,在frameworks\av\include\media\mediaplayer.h中定义了listener的接口形式:

1 // ref-counted object for callbacks
2 class MediaPlayerListener: virtual public RefBase
3 {
4 public:
5     virtual void notify(int msg, int ext1, int ext2, const Parcel *obj) = 0;
6 };

  在JNI代码中,JNIMediaPlayerListener class 正是一个MediaPlayerListener的子类,实现了notify函数,其定义如下:

// ref-counted object for callbacks
class JNIMediaPlayerListener: public MediaPlayerListener
{
public:
    JNIMediaPlayerListener(JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz, jobject weak_thiz);
    ~JNIMediaPlayerListener();
    virtual void notify(int msg, int ext1, int ext2, const Parcel *obj = NULL);
private:
    JNIMediaPlayerListener();
    jclass      mClass;     // Reference to MediaPlayer class
    jobject     mObject;    // Weak ref to MediaPlayer Java object to call on
};

 

   callback事件的传递主要是通过notify函数来完成的,下面看一下这个函数的具体实现过程:

void JNIMediaPlayerListener::notify(int msg, int ext1, int ext2, const Parcel *obj)
{
    JNIEnv *env = AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv();
    if (obj && obj->dataSize() > 0) {
        jobject jParcel = createJavaParcelObject(env);
        if (jParcel != NULL) {
            Parcel* nativeParcel = parcelForJavaObject(env, jParcel);
            nativeParcel->setData(obj->data(), obj->dataSize());
            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(mClass, fields.post_event, mObject,
                    msg, ext1, ext2, jParcel);
            env->DeleteLocalRef(jParcel);
        }
    } else {
        env->CallStaticVoidMethod(mClass, fields.post_event, mObject,
                msg, ext1, ext2, NULL);
    }
    if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
        ALOGW("An exception occurred while notifying an event.");
        LOGW_EX(env);
        env->ExceptionClear();
    }
}
  • msg, ext1, ext2, obj 携带着事件相关信息及数据;

  • 通过env->CallStaticVoidMethod()方法去回调MediaPlayer(java)的 fields.post_event 方法,并将事件信息及数据传递过去;

  • fields.post_event对应于MediaPlayer的java 方法 postEventFromNative;

  • fields.post_event是在MediaPlayer第一次加载时在android_media_MediaPlayer_native_init中初始化的;

三  小结

  这一篇介绍的内容很简单,主要是对java层的MediaPlayer, JNI层,及native层的MediaPlayer如何关联起来的有个基本的认识与了解。

  简单两点概述:

  1. java层的MediaPlayer提供了java API供用户调用实现playback功能,但其功能的实现还会串接到JNI层,在JNI层会去实例化一个native MediaPlayer,这个native MediaPlayer会和MediaPlayerService进行交互实现真正的播放功能;
  2. 设置listener的目的就是通过回调的方式将来自native的事件进行上传,以便用户在java层做出处理,就这篇而言可以暂时这样理解流程: MediaPlayerService-->native MediaPlayer-->JNI->java MediaPlayer ;

 

posted on 2017-12-23 21:07  二的次方  阅读(2022)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报