细化如何安装LNMP + Zabbix 监控安装文档以及故障排除

1.LNMP所需安装包：

上传如下软件包到/soft目录中

mysql- 5.1.71(centos6.5 64位自带)也可根据版本自行挑选，前提你了解这个版本

pcre-8.36.tar.gz

nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

jpegsrc.v9a.tar.gz

libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

php-5.6.3.tar.gz

2.配置系统YUM源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

vim install.repo

[LOCALYUMSOURCE]

name=PD307

baseurl=http://192.168.100.254/1 #本地ISO挂载目录写法为：file:///mnt mnt是挂载目录

http://192.168.100.254/2

gpgcheck=0

3.安装LNMP环境依赖包

yum install -y apr* autoconf automake bison bzip2 bzip2* cloog-ppl compat* cpp curl curl-devel fontconfig fontconfig-devel freetype freetype* freetype-devel gcc gcc-c++ gtk+-devel gd gettext gettext-devel glibc kernel kernel-headers keyutils keyutils-libs-devel krb5-devel libcom_err-devel libpng libpng* libpng-devel libjpeg* libsepol-devel libselinux-devel libstdc++-devel libtool* libgomp libxml2 libxml2-devel libXpm* libX* libtiff libtiff*  make mpfr ncurses* ntp openssl nasm nasm* openssl-devel patch pcre-devel perl php-common php-gd policycoreutils ppl telnet t1lib t1lib*  wget zlib-devel

4.安装Mysql

如果是按照编译安装mysql5.7，请参考点击http://www.cnblogs.com/renfanzi/p/5613431.html

yum install mysql*

安装目录：/var/lib/mysql/

拷贝mysql64位库文件至32位目录

cp /usr/lib64/mysql/* /usr/lib/mysql/，如果服务器没有/usr/lib/mysql/ 目录，则在/usr/lib/目录下创建mysql目录即可

5.安装pcre

tar  zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz    

cd pcre-8.36     

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre

make    

make install

6.安装 nginx

了解安装nginx，请点击http://www.cnblogs.com/renfanzi/p/5686540.html

groupadd www  #添加www组    
useradd -g www www -s /bin/false  #创建nginx运行账户www并加入到www组，不允许www用户直接登录系统    
tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz    
cd nginx-1.6.2    
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/soft/pcre-8.36
#注意:--with-pcre=/soft/pcre-8.30指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错    
make    
make install

7.编写Nginx启动脚本：

vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #设置nginx开启启动，编辑启动文件添加下面内容

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /www/wdlinux/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile:     /www/wdlinux/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Url http://www.wdlinux.cn
# Last Updated 2010.06.01

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    #service php-fpm start
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}
stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    $nginx -s stop
    echo_success
    retval=$?
    echo
    #service php-fpm stop
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    stop
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    $nginx -s reload
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

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chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限

chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动

8.配置Nginx

egrep -v "#" /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#此为参考配置示例

user  www www; #取消注释，修改为www用户和www组
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        root         /usr/local/nginx/html;            #修改nginx默认目录
        index        index.php index.html index.htm;  #添加nginx支持php索引
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;   #修改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }

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/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重启

9.安装jpeg

cd /soft/jpeg-9a/
tar zxf jpegsrc.v9a.tar.gz 
cd jpeg-9a/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg
make && make install

10.安装libmcrypt

cd /soft #libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 软件包路径
tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install

11.安装PHP

cd /soft
tar -zvxf php-5.6.3.tar.gz    
cd  php-5.6.3    
mkdir -p /usr/local/php5  #建立php安装目录    
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc --with-mysql=/usr --with-mysqli=/usr/lib64/mysql/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-magic-quotes --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg 
make  && make install    

PHP系统配置文件设置
cp  php.ini-production   /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini  #复制php配置文件到安装目录
rm -rf /etc/php.ini   #删除系统自带配置文件    
ln -s /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini  /etc/php.ini    #添加软链接    
cp  /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default   /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf      #拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件

PHP修改添加Nginx用户
vi  /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf  #编辑    
user = www    #设置php-fpm运行账号为www    
group = www   #设置php-fpm运行组为www    
pid = run/php-fpm.pid    #取消前面的分号    
cp /soft/php-5.6.3/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm  #设置 php-fpm开机启动，拷贝php-fpm到启动目录    
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm  #添加执行权限    
chkconfig php-fpm on    #设置开机启动  

PHP配置文件设置
vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini
找到;disable_functions =修改为
disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd,posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid,posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid,posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid,posix_getrlimit,posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty,posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid,posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname
#列出PHP可以禁用的函数，如果某些程序需要用到这个函数，可以删除，取消禁用。找到：;date.timezone =    
修改为：date.timezone = PRC   #设置时区    
找到：expose_php = On    
修改为：expose_php = OFF  #禁止显示php版本的信息

修改PHP参数
post_max_size = 8M             #改为16M
max_execution_time = 30         #改为300
max_input_time = 60               #改为300

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(二) Zabbix安装

Zabbix软件包：

zabbix-2.4.2.tar.gz

zabbix-agent-2.4.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Zabbix 所需依赖包：

yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-devel OpenIPMI OpenIPMI-devel OpenIPMI-tools OpenIPMI-libs libssh2* unixODBC*

1.数据库初始化

创建并赋予权限

/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysqladmin -u root password yd_12345678
mysql -uroot -pyd_12345678
> create database zabbix character set utf8;
> use mysql;
> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'yd_12345678';
> flush privileges;
>quit;

如出现

mysql -u root –p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

解决办法

>set password for 'root'@'localhost' =PASSWORD('yd_12345678');

2.安装zabbix

cd /soft/
tar zxvf zabbix-2.4.2.tar.gz
cd zabbix-2.4.2
#导入数据库/soft/zabix-2.4.2目录下#注意要按顺序导入，不然会报错
mysql -uzabbix -pyd_12345678 zabbix < database/mysql/schema.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pyd_12345678 zabbix < database/mysql/images.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pyd_12345678 zabbix < database/mysql/data.sql
编译安装：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/lib64/mysql/mysql_config --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --enable-proxy --with-openipmi --with-unixodbc --with-ssh2
make install
#注意：
在编译时，如果缺少相应的依赖包，configure过程会给出提示，然后用yum安装相
应的软件。

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3.创建zabbix服务

vim /etc/services

zabbix-agent    10050/tcp                      # Zabbix Agent
zabbix-agent    10050/udp                      # Zabbix Agent
zabbix-trapper  10051/tcp                      # Zabbix Trapper
zabbix-trapper  10051/udp                      # Zabbix Trapper

4.创建zabbix相关账户，文件，权限

groupadd zabbix
useradd -g zabbix -m zabbix
mkdir -p /etc/zabbix
cp conf/{zabbix_server.conf,zabbix_agentd.conf} /etc/zabbix
chmod 400 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
chown zabbix /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
chown -R zabbix:zabbix /etc/zabbix
chmod 0755 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

5.配置zabbix服务端

ln -sf /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

ln -sf /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.log
DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix                            zabbix所属数据库名称
DBUser=zabbix                            zabbix所属数据库用户
DBPassword=yd_12345678                zabbix数据库密码
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
StartPollers=30                        　轮询的初始值（0-1000）
StartIPMIPollers=4                       IPMI轮询的初始值（0-1000）
StartPollersUnreachable=30               轮询不可达的主机数（包括IPMI 0-1000）
StartTrappers=8                        　捕获的初始值（0-1000）
StartPingers=4                          ping的初始值（0-1000）
StartDiscoverers=0                      自动发现的初始值（0-250）
CacheSize=384M                          缓存大小
CacheUpdateFrequency=300                缓存更新的频率
StartDBSyncers=8                        数据库同步时间
TrendCacheSize=128M                     总趋势缓存大小
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/bin               脚本的存放位置
LogSlowQueries=1000                     日志慢查询设定
#AlertScriptsPath=/usr/local/zabbix/scripts    #指定告警脚本存放位置

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6.配置zabbix php环境

cd frontends/  # /soft/zabbix-2.4.2/frontends 软件包解压路径
cp -rf  php  /usr/local/nginx/html
cd /usr/local/nginx/html
mv php zabbix
chown -R zabbix:zabbix zabbix
vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
sed -i "s#;always_populate_raw_post_data = -1#always_populate_raw_post_data = -1#g" /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#;cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini

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7.配置zabbix启动服务

cp /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/zabbix_*
sed -i "s#BASEDIR=/usr/local#BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix#g" /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
sed -i "s#BASEDIR=/usr/local#BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix#g" /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
chkconfig --add zabbix_server
chkconfig --add zabbix_agentd
chkconfig --level 345 zabbix_server on
chkconfig --level 345 zabbix_agentd on
service zabbix_server restart
service zabbix_agentd restart

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8.配置Server端防火墙 #不启用防火墙不用配置

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/16 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 10050,10051 -j ACCEPT

Zabbix的服务端口为10050和10051

到此，zabbix配置完成.

可以使用web访问http://ip/zabbix/setup.php

默认用户名和密码:admin/zabbix

9.服务初始化

1.启用防火环境设置防火墙开放80,9000,10050,10051端口

2.设置系统Selinux已经关闭

3.设置Mysql、Nginx、php-fpm服务自启动

{chkconfig –level 2345 mysqld on; chkconfig --level 2345 nginx on; chkconfig --level 2345 php-fpm on ;chkconfig}

4.设置/etc/init.d/zabbix_server 开机引导，加入/etc/rc.local

10.配置zabbix.conf.php #web setup.php运行后自动生成

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/conf/zabbix.conf.php;

chmod 777 /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/conf

<?php
// Zabbix GUI configuration file
global $DB;

$DB['TYPE']     = 'MYSQL';
$DB['SERVER']   = 'localhost';
$DB['PORT']     = '0';
$DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbix';
$DB['USER']     = 'root';
$DB['PASSWORD'] = 'yd_12345678';

// SCHEMA is relevant only for IBM_DB2 database
$DB['SCHEMA'] = '';

$ZBX_SERVER      = 'localhost';
$ZBX_SERVER_PORT = '10051';
$ZBX_SERVER_NAME = 'pd';

$IMAGE_FORMAT_DEFAULT = IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG;

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11.设置中文支持

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/include/locales.inc.php

第55行中结尾处false改成true，IE浏览器使用admin登录zabbix主页面右上方Profile中Language 中选择Chinese（zh CN）点击Update。

FQA：故障排除，一步错步步错

一、

出现connection to database ‘zabbix’ faild .设置了Lnmp和zabbix服务自启动后reboot系统（tail –f /tmp/zabbix.log）
还是报错参考/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabiix_server.conf

LogFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.log
DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=yd_12345678
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
DBPort=3306
StartPollers=5
 StartIPMIPollers=10
 StartPollersUnreachable=10
 StartTrappers=10
 StartPingers=10
 StartDiscoverers=10
 SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_snmptt.log
 ListenIP=127.0.0.1
 MaxHousekeeperDelete=500
 CacheSize=384M
 CacheUpdateFrequency=300
 StartDBSyncers=40
 HistoryCacheSize=128M
 TrendCacheSize=128M
 HistoryTextCacheSize=128M
 ValueCacheSize=128M
 Timeout=30
 TrapperTimeout=300
 UnreachablePeriod=45
 UnavailableDelay=60
 UnreachableDelay=15
 AlertScriptsPath=/usr/local/zabbix/scripts
 FpingLocation=/usr/sbin/fping
 LogSlowQueries=10000
 StartProxyPollers=50
 ProxyConfigFrequency=3600

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二、

WEB页面setup.php向导报错（http://IP/zabbix/setup.php）

修改php.ini相关的参数：/usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini

三、

比较容易出现问题的配置文件

Nginx配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

Zabbix配置文件 /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf

PHP5配置文件 /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini

示例配置文件：

声明出处：由于本文是根据书本写的博客，如遇已有类似文章博客，请联系我，我会在声明出处。

posted @ 2016-09-05 08:56 我当道士那儿些年阅读(1889) 评论(5) 编辑收藏举报

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细化如何安装LNMP + Zabbix 监控安装文档以及故障排除

1.LNMP所需安装包：

2.配置系统YUM源

3.安装LNMP环境依赖包

4.安装Mysql

5.安装pcre

6.安装 nginx

7.编写Nginx启动脚本：

8.配置Nginx

9.安装jpeg

10.安装libmcrypt

11.安装PHP

(二) Zabbix安装

1.数据库初始化

2.安装zabbix

3.创建zabbix服务

4.创建zabbix相关账户，文件，权限

5.配置zabbix服务端

6.配置zabbix php环境

7.配置zabbix启动服务

8.配置Server端防火墙 #不启用防火墙不用配置

9.服务初始化

10.配置zabbix.conf.php #web setup.php运行后自动生成

11.设置中文支持

FQA：故障排除，一步错步步错

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