libguestfs手册(3): virt命令

guestmount

root# guestmount -a ubuntutest1.img -m /dev/sda1 ubuntutestp1
root# cd ubuntutestp1/
root:/home/cliu8/images/ubuntutestp1# ls
a  b  c  d  hello  lost+found  world
root:/home/cliu8/images/ubuntutestp1# ps aux | grep guest
root     31067  2.5  0.1 2895156 90544 pts/0   Sl   22:05   0:02 /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -global virtio-blk-pci.scsi=off -nodefconfig -enable-fips -nodefaults -nographic -machine accel=kvm:tcg -m 500 -no-reboot -rtc driftfix=slew -no-hpet -no-kvm-pit-reinjection -kernel /var/tmp/.guestfs-0/kernel.31058 -initrd /var/tmp/.guestfs-0/initrd.31058 -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi -drive file=ubuntutest1.img,cache=writeback,id=hd0,if=none -device scsi-hd,drive=hd0 -drive file=/var/tmp/.guestfs-0/root.31058,snapshot=on,id=appliance,cache=unsafe,if=none -device scsi-hd,drive=appliance -device virtio-serial-pci -serial stdio -device sga -chardev socket,path=/tmp/libguestfsgJ82Aq/guestfsd.sock,id=channel0 -device virtserialport,chardev=channel0,name=org.libguestfs.channel.0 -append panic=1 console=ttyS0 udevtimeout=600 no_timer_check acpi=off printk.time=1 cgroup_disable=memory root=/dev/sdb selinux=0 TERM=linux
root     31092  0.0  0.0  91024  1688 ?        Ss   22:05   0:00 guestmount -a ubuntutest1.img -m /dev/sda1 ubuntutestp1

root:/home/cliu8/images# guestunmount ubuntutestp1
root:/home/cliu8/images# ps aux | grep guest
root     31477  0.0  0.0  10464   920 pts/0    S+   22:09   0:00 grep --color=auto guest

virt-builder

Virt-builder is a tool for quickly building new virtual machines. You can build a variety of VMs for local or cloud use, usually within a few minutes or less. Virt-builder also has many ways to customize these VMs. Everything is run from the command line and nothing requires root privileges, so automation and scripting is simple.

List the virtual machines available

# virt-builder --list                               
centos-6                 CentOS 6.5
centos-7.0               CentOS 7.0
cirros-0.3.1             CirrOS 0.3.1
debian-6                 Debian 6 (Squeeze)
debian-7                 Debian 7 (Wheezy)
fedora-18                Fedora庐 18
fedora-19                Fedora庐 19
fedora-20                Fedora庐 20
rhel-7rc                 Red Hat Enterprise Linux庐 7 Release Candidate
scientificlinux-6        Scientific Linux 6.5
ubuntu-10.04             Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)
ubuntu-12.04             Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise)
ubuntu-14.04             Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty)

Build a virtual machine

virt-builder fedora-20

virt-builder fedora-20 -o mydisk.img

virt-builder fedora-20 --format qcow2

virt-builder fedora-20 --size 20G

Setting the root password

virt-builder fedora-20 --root-password file:/tmp/rootpw

Set the hostname

virt-builder fedora-20 --hostname virt.example.com

Installing software

virt-builder fedora-20 --install "inkscape,@Xfce Desktop"

Customizing the installation

 cat <<'EOF' > /tmp/yum-update.sh
 yum -y update
 EOF
 
 virt-builder fedora-20 --firstboot /tmp/yum-update.sh

virt系列

root:/home/cliu8/images# virt-ls -a ubuntutest.img /home/openstack
.bash_history
.bash_logout
.bashrc
.cache
.profile
sdb
testupload

root:/home/cliu8/images# while true; do sleep 1; ps aux | grep guest; done;
root      2381  0.0  0.0  10464   920 pts/22   S+   22:21   0:00 grep --color=auto guest
root      2392 22.0  0.0 938600 25116 pts/0    Sl+  22:21   0:00 /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -global virtio-blk-pci.scsi=off -nodefconfig -enable-fips -nodefaults -nographic -machine accel=kvm:tcg -m 500 -no-reboot -rtc driftfix=slew -no-hpet -no-kvm-pit-reinjection -kernel /var/tmp/.guestfs-0/kernel.2383 -initrd /var/tmp/.guestfs-0/initrd.2383 -device virtio-scsi-pci,id=scsi -drive file=ubuntutest.img,snapshot=on,cache=writeback,id=hd0,if=none -device scsi-hd,drive=hd0 -drive file=/var/tmp/.guestfs-0/root.2383,snapshot=on,id=appliance,cache=unsafe,if=none -device scsi-hd,drive=appliance -device virtio-serial-pci -serial stdio -device sga -chardev socket,path=/tmp/libguestfsxG2Amp/guestfsd.sock,id=channel0 -device virtserialport,chardev=channel0,name=org.libguestfs.channel.0 -append panic=1 console=ttyS0 udevtimeout=600 no_timer_check acpi=off printk.time=1 cgroup_disable=memory root=/dev/sdb selinux=0 TERM=linux
root      2417  0.0  0.0  10464   920 pts/22   S+   22:21   0:00 grep --color=auto guest
root      2426  0.0  0.0  10464   924 pts/22   S+   22:21   0:00 grep --color=auto guest

virt-cat(1) — display a file
virt-copy-in(1) — copy files and directories into a VM
virt-copy-out(1) — copy files and directories out of a VM
virt-customize(1) — customize virtual machines
virt-df(1) — free space
virt-diff(1) — differences
virt-edit(1) — edit a file
virt-filesystems(1) — display information about filesystems, devices, LVM
virt-format(1) — erase and make blank disks
virt-inspector(1) — inspect VM images
virt-list-filesystems(1) — list filesystems
virt-list-partitions(1) — list partitions
virt-log(1) — display log files
virt-ls(1) — list files
virt-make-fs(1) — make a filesystem
virt-rescue(1) — rescue shell
virt-resize(1) — resize virtual machines
virt-sparsify(1) — make virtual machines sparse (thin-provisioned)
virt-sysprep(1) — unconfigure a virtual machine before cloning
virt-tar(1) — archive and upload files
virt-tar-in(1) — archive and upload files
virt-tar-out(1) — archive and download files
virt-win-reg(1) — export and merge Windows Registry keys