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Metrics是一个给JAVA服务的各项指标提供度量工具的包,在JAVA代码中嵌入Metrics代码,可以方便的对业务代码的各个指标进行监控,同时,Metrics能够很好的跟Ganlia、Graphite结合,方便的提供图形化接口。基本使用方式直接将core包(目前稳定版本3.0.1)导入pom文件即可,配置如下:

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.codahale.metrics</groupId>
  <artifactId>metrics-core</artifactId>
  <version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>

core包主要提供如下核心功能:

  • Metrics Registries类似一个metrics容器,维护一个Map,可以是一个服务一个实例。
  • 支持五种metric类型:Gauges、Counters、Meters、Histograms和Timers。
  • 可以将metrics值通过JMX、Console,CSV文件和SLF4J loggers发布出来。

五种Metrics类型:

1.       Gauges

Gauges是一个最简单的计量,一般用来统计瞬时状态的数据信息,比如系统中处于pending状态的job。测试代码

package com.netease.test.metrics;

import com.codahale.metrics.ConsoleReporter;
import com.codahale.metrics.Gauge;
import com.codahale.metrics.JmxReporter;
import com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;

import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * User: hzwangxx
 * Date: 14-2-17
 * Time: 14:47
 * 测试Gauges,实时统计pending状态的job个数
 */
public class TestGauges {
    /**
     * 实例化一个registry,最核心的一个模块,相当于一个应用程序的metrics系统的容器,维护一个Map
     */
    private static final MetricRegistry metrics = new MetricRegistry();

    private static Queue<String> queue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<String>();

    /**
     * 在控制台上打印输出
     */
    private static ConsoleReporter reporter = ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        reporter.start(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        //实例化一个Gauge
        Gauge<Integer> gauge = new Gauge<Integer>() {
            @Override
            public Integer getValue() {
                return queue.size();
            }
        };

        //注册到容器中
        metrics.register(MetricRegistry.name(TestGauges.class, "pending-job", "size"), gauge);

        //测试JMX
        JmxReporter jmxReporter = JmxReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();
        jmxReporter.start();

        //模拟数据
        for (int i=0; i<20; i++){
            queue.add("a");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }

    }
}

/*
console output:
14-2-17 15:29:35 ===============================================================

-- Gauges ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestGauges.pending-job.size
             value = 4


14-2-17 15:29:38 ===============================================================

-- Gauges ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestGauges.pending-job.size
             value = 6


14-2-17 15:29:41 ===============================================================

-- Gauges ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestGauges.pending-job.size
             value = 9
 */

通过以上步骤将会向MetricsRegistry容器中注册一个名字为com.netease.test.metrics .TestGauges.pending-job.size的metrics,实时获取队列长度的指标。另外,Core包种还扩展了几种特定的Gauge:

  • JMX Gauges—提供给第三方库只通过JMX将指标暴露出来。
  • Ratio Gauges—简单地通过创建一个gauge计算两个数的比值。
  • Cached Gauges—对某些计量指标提供缓存

Derivative Gauges—提供Gauge的值是基于其他Gauge值的接口。

2.       Counter

Counter是Gauge的一个特例,维护一个计数器,可以通过inc()和dec()方法对计数器做修改。使用步骤与Gauge基本类似,在MetricRegistry中提供了静态方法可以直接实例化一个Counter。

package com.netease.test.metrics;

import com.codahale.metrics.ConsoleReporter;
import com.codahale.metrics.Counter;
import com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import static com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry.*;
/**
 * User: hzwangxx
 * Date: 14-2-14
 * Time: 14:02
 * 测试Counter
 */
public class TestCounter {

    /**
     * 实例化一个registry,最核心的一个模块,相当于一个应用程序的metrics系统的容器,维护一个Map
     */
    private static final MetricRegistry metrics = new MetricRegistry();

    /**
     * 在控制台上打印输出
     */
    private static ConsoleReporter reporter = ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();

    /**
     * 实例化一个counter,同样可以通过如下方式进行实例化再注册进去
     * pendingJobs = new Counter();
     * metrics.register(MetricRegistry.name(TestCounter.class, "pending-jobs"), pendingJobs);
     */
    private static Counter pendingJobs = metrics.counter(name(TestCounter.class, "pedding-jobs"));
//    private static Counter pendingJobs = metrics.counter(MetricRegistry.name(TestCounter.class, "pedding-jobs"));



    private static Queue<String> queue = new LinkedList<String>();

    public static void add(String str) {
        pendingJobs.inc();
        queue.offer(str);
    }

    public String take() {
        pendingJobs.dec();
        return queue.poll();
    }

    public static void main(String[]args) throws InterruptedException {
        reporter.start(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        while(true){
            add("1");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }

    }
}

/*
console output:
14-2-17 17:52:34 ===============================================================

-- Counters --------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestCounter.pedding-jobs
             count = 4


14-2-17 17:52:37 ===============================================================

-- Counters --------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestCounter.pedding-jobs
             count = 6


14-2-17 17:52:40 ===============================================================

-- Counters --------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestCounter.pedding-jobs
             count = 9

 */

3.       Meters

Meters用来度量某个时间段的平均处理次数(request per second),每1、5、15分钟的TPS。比如一个service的请求数,通过metrics.meter()实例化一个Meter之后,然后通过meter.mark()方法就能将本次请求记录下来。统计结果有总的请求数,平均每秒的请求数,以及最近的1、5、15分钟的平均TPS。

package com.netease.test.metrics;

import com.codahale.metrics.ConsoleReporter;
import com.codahale.metrics.Meter;
import com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import static com.codahale.metrics.MetricRegistry.*;

/**
 * User: hzwangxx
 * Date: 14-2-17
 * Time: 18:34
 * 测试Meters
 */
public class TestMeters {
    /**
     * 实例化一个registry,最核心的一个模块,相当于一个应用程序的metrics系统的容器,维护一个Map
     */
    private static final MetricRegistry metrics = new MetricRegistry();

    /**
     * 在控制台上打印输出
     */
    private static ConsoleReporter reporter = ConsoleReporter.forRegistry(metrics).build();

    /**
     * 实例化一个Meter
     */
    private static final Meter requests = metrics.meter(name(TestMeters.class, "request"));

    public static void handleRequest() {
        requests.mark();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        reporter.start(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        while(true){
            handleRequest();
            Thread.sleep(100);
        }
    }

}

/*
14-2-17 18:43:08 ===============================================================

-- Meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestMeters.request
             count = 30
         mean rate = 9.95 events/second
     1-minute rate = 0.00 events/second
     5-minute rate = 0.00 events/second
    15-minute rate = 0.00 events/second


14-2-17 18:43:11 ===============================================================

-- Meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestMeters.request
             count = 60
         mean rate = 9.99 events/second
     1-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
     5-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
    15-minute rate = 10.00 events/second


14-2-17 18:43:14 ===============================================================

-- Meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------
com.netease.test.metrics.TestMeters.request
             count = 90
         mean rate = 9.99 events/second
     1-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
     5-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
    15-minute rate = 10.00 events/second
*/

 未完待续:Metrics-Java版的指标度量工具二

posted on 2014-02-20 19:18  残雪余香  阅读(64363)  评论(3编辑  收藏  举报