5、vi常见用法

vi常见用法

Cursor movement

· h - move left

· j - move down

· k - move up

· l - move right

· w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)

· W - jump by words (spaces separate words)

· e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)

· E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)

· b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)

· B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)

· 0 - (zero) start of line

· ^ - first non-blank character of line

· $ - end of line

· G - Go To command (prefix with number - 5G goes to line 5)

Note: Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example, 4j moves down 4 lines.

Insert Mode - Inserting/Appending text

· i - start insert mode at cursor

· I - insert at the beginning of the line

· a - append after the cursor

· A - append at the end of the line

· o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)

· O - open blank line above current line

· ea - append at end of word

· Esc - exit insert mode

Editing

· r - replace a single character (does not use insert mode)

· J - join line below to the current one

· cc - change (replace) an entire line

· cw - change (replace) to the end of word

· c$ - change (replace) to the end of line

· s - delete character at cursor and subsitute text

· S - delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)

· xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)

· u - undo

· . - repeat last command

Marking text (visual mode)

· v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)

· V - start Linewise visual mode

· o - move to other end of marked area

· Ctrl+v - start visual block mode

· O - move to Other corner of block

· aw - mark a word

· ab - a () block (with braces)

· aB - a {} block (with brackets)

· ib - inner () block

· iB - inner {} block

· Esc - exit visual mode

Visual commands

· > - shift right

· < - shift left

· y - yank (copy) marked text

· d - delete marked text

· ~ - switch case

Cut and Paste

· yy - yank (copy) a line

· 2yy - yank 2 lines

· yw - yank word

· y$ - yank to end of line

· p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor

· P - put (paste) before cursor

· dd - delete (cut) a line

· dw - delete (cut) the current word

· x - delete (cut) current character

Exiting

· :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit

· :wq - write (save) and quit

· :q - quit (fails if anything has changed)

· :q! - quit and throw away changes

Search/Replace

· /pattern - search for pattern

· ?pattern - search backward for pattern

· n - repeat search in same direction

· N - repeat search in opposite direction

· :%s/old /new /g - replace all old with new throughout file

· :%s/old /new /gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations

Working with multiple files

· :e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer

· :bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer

· :bprev (of :bp) - go to previous buffer

· :bd - delete a buffer (close a file)

· :sp filename - Open a file in a new buffer and split window

· ctrl+ws - Split windows

· ctrl+ww - switch between windows

· ctrl+wq - Quit a window

· ctrl+wv - Split windows vertically

参考

[1] http://blog.csdn.net/zhuichao001/archive/2010/06/25/5693122.aspx