了解.net MVC的实现原理Controller/Action

通过Reflector反编译，我们对IIS分发请求至w3wp.exe进程之后交由HttpRuntime处理过程的分析了解HttpApplication，HttpModule，HttpHandler,HttpContext的生成机制。那我们继续来了解.net MVC 路由的如何实现URL跳转到指定的Controller/Action过程。

UrlRoutingModule
MvcRoutingHandler
MvcHandler
Controller

一、UrlRoutingModule

当所有HttpModule被HttpApplication首次加载后，每个HttpModule会在自己的Init方法中注册HttpApplication事件实现对HttpRequest请求的拦截。当然UrlRoutingModule也不例外。我们反编译一下UrlRoutingModule源码

View Code

[AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.InheritanceDemand, Level=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal), AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand, Level=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)]
public class UrlRoutingModule : IHttpModule
{
    // Fields
    private static readonly object _requestDataKey = new object();
    private RouteCollection _routeCollection;

    // Methods
    protected virtual void Dispose()
    {
    }

    protected virtual void Init(HttpApplication application)
    {
        application.PostResolveRequestCache += new EventHandler(this.OnApplicationPostResolveRequestCache);
        application.PostMapRequestHandler += new EventHandler(this.OnApplicationPostMapRequestHandler);
    }

    private void OnApplicationPostMapRequestHandler(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        HttpContextBase context = new HttpContextWrapper(((HttpApplication) sender).Context);
        this.PostMapRequestHandler(context);
    }

    private void OnApplicationPostResolveRequestCache(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        HttpContextBase context = new HttpContextWrapper(((HttpApplication) sender).Context);
        this.PostResolveRequestCache(context);
    }

    public virtual void PostMapRequestHandler(HttpContextBase context)
    {
        RequestData data = (RequestData) context.Items[_requestDataKey];
        if (data != null)
        {
            context.RewritePath(data.OriginalPath);
            context.Handler = data.HttpHandler;
        }
    }

    public virtual void PostResolveRequestCache(HttpContextBase context)
    {
        RouteData routeData = this.RouteCollection.GetRouteData(context);
        if (routeData != null)
        {
            IRouteHandler routeHandler = routeData.RouteHandler;
            if (routeHandler == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture, RoutingResources.UrlRoutingModule_NoRouteHandler, new object[0]));
            }
            if (!(routeHandler is StopRoutingHandler))
            {
                RequestContext requestContext = new RequestContext(context, routeData);
                IHttpHandler httpHandler = routeHandler.GetHttpHandler(requestContext);
                if (httpHandler == null)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture, RoutingResources.UrlRoutingModule_NoHttpHandler, new object[] { routeHandler.GetType() }));
                }
                RequestData data2 = new RequestData();
                data2.OriginalPath = context.Request.Path;
                data2.HttpHandler = httpHandler;
                context.Items[_requestDataKey] = data2;
                context.RewritePath("~/UrlRouting.axd");
            }
        }
    }

    void IHttpModule.Dispose()
    {
        this.Dispose();
    }

    void IHttpModule.Init(HttpApplication application)
    {
        this.Init(application);
    }

    // Properties
    public RouteCollection RouteCollection
    {
        get
        {
            if (this._routeCollection == null)
            {
                this._routeCollection = RouteTable.Routes;
            }
            return this._routeCollection;
        }
        set
        {
            this._routeCollection = value;
        }
    }

    // Nested Types
    private class RequestData
    {
        // Fields
        [CompilerGenerated]
        private IHttpHandler <HttpHandler>k__BackingField;
        [CompilerGenerated]
        private string <OriginalPath>k__BackingField;

        // Properties
        public IHttpHandler HttpHandler
        {
            [CompilerGenerated]
            get
            {
                return this.<HttpHandler>k__BackingField;
            }
            [CompilerGenerated]
            set
            {
                this.<HttpHandler>k__BackingField = value;
            }
        }

        public string OriginalPath
        {
            [CompilerGenerated]
            get
            {
                return this.<OriginalPath>k__BackingField;
            }
            [CompilerGenerated]
            set
            {
                this.<OriginalPath>k__BackingField = value;
            }
        }
    }
}

可以看到UrlRoutingModule订阅的两个 HttpApplication 事件。其中PostResolveRequestCache 要比 PostMapRequestHandler 先执行，先看PostResolveRequestCache 事件，他首先从首先从 RouteCollection 中获取一个 RouteData 对象。而RouteCollection是通过路由表创建的

 // Properties
    public RouteCollection RouteCollection
    {
        get
        {
            if (this._routeCollection == null)
            {
                this._routeCollection = RouteTable.Routes;
            }
            return this._routeCollection;
        }
        set
        {
            this._routeCollection = value;
        }
    }

我们在Global.asax.cs注册路由的时候（即HttpApplication），就已经往RouteTable.Routes添加了新的路由信息了，因此HttpModule可以从自己的RouteCollection查找到对应请求的路由。RouteTable只有一个静态集合属性RouteCollection。

View Code

  public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

            routes.MapRoute(
                "Default", // Route name
                "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters
                new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults
            );            

        }

        protected void Application_Start()
        {           
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();            
            RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            
        }          
    }

UrlRoutingModule 在 PostResolveRequestCache方法读取 RouteData routeData = this.RouteCollection.GetRouteData(context);

RouteData是包含了我们注册的每个Route的信息。在global中注册路由的时候，MapRote是RouteCollection扩展方法，默认使用了MvcRouteHandler。

public static Route MapRoute(this RouteCollection routes, string name, string url, object defaults, object constraints, string[] namespaces)
{
    if (routes == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("routes");
    }
    if (url == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("url");
    }
    Route route2 = new Route(url, new MvcRouteHandler());
    route2.Defaults = new RouteValueDictionary(defaults);
    route2.Constraints = new RouteValueDictionary(constraints);
    route2.DataTokens = new RouteValueDictionary();
    Route item = route2;
    if ((namespaces != null) && (namespaces.Length > 0))
    {
        item.DataTokens["Namespaces"] = namespaces;
    }
    routes.Add(name, item);
    return item;
}

二、MvcRoutingHandler

RouteData结构除了包含的Route信息还有默认的IRouteHandler即MvcRouteHandler。

在PostResolveRequestCache根据上下文比对查找到路由表中对应的RouteData后，并通过routeHandler.GetHttpHandler(requestContext)获得MvcHandler的实例。

View Code

public class MvcRouteHandler : IRouteHandler
{
    // Methods
    protected virtual IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        return new MvcHandler(requestContext);
    }

    IHttpHandler IRouteHandler.GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        return this.GetHttpHandler(requestContext);
    }
}

三、 MvcHandler

从上面的过程可以看到UrlRouteModule每次拦截HttpApplication管线请求，先从RouteCollection找到与HttpContext请求对应的RouteData(包含MvcRouteHandler)，并将HttpContextBase与RouteData封装为RequestContext，通过构造注入MvcHandler之中。MvcRouteHandler其实只起了一个过渡的作用，真正的工作是HttpApplication管线主导，在UrlRouteModule与MvcHandler之间进行的。

UrlRouteModule在 PostResolveRequestCache方法中通过MvcRouteModule获取到MvcHandler的实例后，

  RequestData data2 = new RequestData();
            data2.OriginalPath = context.Request.Path;
            data2.HttpHandler = httpHandler;
            context.Items[_requestDataKey] = data2;
            context.RewritePath("~/UrlRouting.axd");

MvcHandler开始接管默认的WebForm的HttpHandler，注入到RequestData中并装入context.Items传递到管线中。而这个context对象之前也一并封装为RequestContext注入到了MvcHandler中，因此我们在MvcHandler后续过程中也可以取到上下文（Page或Controller等)。这个RequestData是UrlRouteModule的内部私有类，所以重载的时候没法实现它，如果想重写UrlRouteModule就要自己实现这个类了。

至此，了解从UrlRouteModule到MvcRouteHandler再到MvcHandler的创建过程，但是最重要的问题MvcHandler是如何工作的？UrlRouteModule在拦截了HttpApplication的管线请求后，根据路由表找到了对由的RouteData(路由信息与MvcHandler)，替换掉始终贯穿整个过程HttpContext中处理请求的HttpHandler，即MvcHandler。这些工作完成后，HttpApplication管线要继续处理Step事件，最终调用了MvcHandler 的ProcessRequest或BeginProcessRequest方法，从而进入到Controller的过程中。

MvcHandler的触发过程：->HttpRuntime获取到HttpApplication->加载HttpModule，生成StepManager管线并加载MvcHandler->HttpRuntime调用HttpApplication.BeginProcessRequest->HttpApplication.StepManager.ResumeSteps

->执行StepManager中的HttpApplication.StepManager._execSteps[i].Execute ->MvcHandlers.ProcessRequest或BeginProcessRequest

下面是MvcHandler的反编译源码，可以看到除了要继承IHttpHandler，还继承了IRequireSeesionState 。自定义的HttpHandler想处理Session的话必须继承IRequireSeesionState。

View Code

public class MvcHandler : IHttpAsyncHandler, IHttpHandler, IRequiresSessionState
{
    // Fields
    private ControllerBuilder _controllerBuilder;
    private static readonly object _processRequestTag = new object();
    [CompilerGenerated]
    private static bool <DisableMvcResponseHeader>k__BackingField;
    [CompilerGenerated]
    private RequestContext <RequestContext>k__BackingField;
    internal static readonly string MvcVersion = GetMvcVersionString();
    public static readonly string MvcVersionHeaderName = "X-AspNetMvc-Version";

    // Methods
    public MvcHandler(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        if (requestContext == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("requestContext");
        }
        this.RequestContext = requestContext;
    }

    protected internal virtual void AddVersionHeader(HttpContextBase httpContext)
    {
        if (!DisableMvcResponseHeader)
        {
            httpContext.Response.AppendHeader(MvcVersionHeaderName, MvcVersion);
        }
    }

    protected virtual IAsyncResult BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
    {
        HttpContextBase base2 = new HttpContextWrapper(httpContext);
        return this.BeginProcessRequest(base2, callback, state);
    }

    protected internal virtual IAsyncResult BeginProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
    {
        BeginInvokeDelegate delegate4 = null;
        EndInvokeDelegate delegate5 = null;
        Action action2 = null;
        IController controller;
        IControllerFactory factory;
        this.ProcessRequestInit(httpContext, out controller, out factory);
        IAsyncController asyncController = controller as IAsyncController;
        if (asyncController != null)
        {
            if (delegate4 == null)
            {
                delegate4 = delegate (AsyncCallback asyncCallback, object asyncState) {
                    IAsyncResult result;
                    try
                    {
                        result = asyncController.BeginExecute(this.RequestContext, asyncCallback, asyncState);
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        factory.ReleaseController(asyncController);
                        throw;
                    }
                    return result;
                };
            }
            BeginInvokeDelegate beginDelegate = delegate4;
            if (delegate5 == null)
            {
                delegate5 = delegate (IAsyncResult asyncResult) {
                    try
                    {
                        asyncController.EndExecute(asyncResult);
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        factory.ReleaseController(asyncController);
                    }
                };
            }
            EndInvokeDelegate endDelegate = delegate5;
            SynchronizationContext synchronizationContext = SynchronizationContextUtil.GetSynchronizationContext();
            return AsyncResultWrapper.Begin(AsyncUtil.WrapCallbackForSynchronizedExecution(callback, synchronizationContext), state, beginDelegate, endDelegate, _processRequestTag);
        }
        if (action2 == null)
        {
            action2 = delegate {
                try
                {
                    controller.Execute(this.RequestContext);
                }
                finally
                {
                    factory.ReleaseController(controller);
                }
            };
        }
        Action action = action2;
        return AsyncResultWrapper.BeginSynchronous(callback, state, action, _processRequestTag);
    }

    protected internal virtual void EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
    {
        AsyncResultWrapper.End(asyncResult, _processRequestTag);
    }

    private static string GetMvcVersionString()
    {
        return new AssemblyName(typeof(MvcHandler).Assembly.FullName).Version.ToString(2);
    }

    protected virtual void ProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        HttpContextBase base2 = new HttpContextWrapper(httpContext);
        this.ProcessRequest(base2);
    }

    protected internal virtual void ProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext)
    {
        IController controller;
        IControllerFactory factory;
        this.ProcessRequestInit(httpContext, out controller, out factory);
        try
        {
            controller.Execute(this.RequestContext);
        }
        finally
        {
            factory.ReleaseController(controller);
        }
    }

    private void ProcessRequestInit(HttpContextBase httpContext, out IController controller, out IControllerFactory factory)
    {
        this.AddVersionHeader(httpContext);
        this.RemoveOptionalRoutingParameters();
        string requiredString = this.RequestContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");
        factory = this.ControllerBuilder.GetControllerFactory();
        controller = factory.CreateController(this.RequestContext, requiredString);
        if (controller == null)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture, MvcResources.ControllerBuilder_FactoryReturnedNull, new object[] { factory.GetType(), requiredString }));
        }
    }

    private void RemoveOptionalRoutingParameters()
    {
        RouteValueDictionary values = this.RequestContext.RouteData.Values;
        foreach (string str in values.Where<KeyValuePair<string, object>>(delegate (KeyValuePair<string, object> entry) {
            return (entry.Value == UrlParameter.Optional);
        }).Select<KeyValuePair<string, object>, string>(delegate (KeyValuePair<string, object> entry) {
            return entry.Key;
        }).ToArray<string>())
        {
            values.Remove(str);
        }
    }

    IAsyncResult IHttpAsyncHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, object extraData)
    {
        return this.BeginProcessRequest(context, cb, extraData);
    }

    void IHttpAsyncHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result)
    {
        this.EndProcessRequest(result);
    }

    void IHttpHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext)
    {
        this.ProcessRequest(httpContext);
    }

    // Properties
    internal ControllerBuilder ControllerBuilder
    {
        get
        {
            if (this._controllerBuilder == null)
            {
                this._controllerBuilder = ControllerBuilder.Current;
            }
            return this._controllerBuilder;
        }
        set
        {
            this._controllerBuilder = value;
        }
    }

    public static bool DisableMvcResponseHeader
    {
        [CompilerGenerated]
        get
        {
            return <DisableMvcResponseHeader>k__BackingField;
        }
        [CompilerGenerated]
        set
        {
            <DisableMvcResponseHeader>k__BackingField = value;
        }
    }

    protected virtual bool IsReusable
    {
        get
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public RequestContext RequestContext
    {
        [CompilerGenerated]
        get
        {
            return this.<RequestContext>k__BackingField;
        }
        [CompilerGenerated]
        private set
        {
            this.<RequestContext>k__BackingField = value;
        }
    }

    bool IHttpHandler.IsReusable
    {
        get
        {
            return this.IsReusable;
        }
    }
}

四、Controller登场

看下MvcHandler的ProcessRequest或BeginProcessRequest，我们看一下ProcessRequest方法的细节

protected internal virtual void ProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext)
{
    IController controller;
    IControllerFactory factory;
    this.ProcessRequestInit(httpContext, out controller, out factory);
    try
    {
        controller.Execute(this.RequestContext);
    }
    finally
    {
        factory.ReleaseController(controller);
    }
}

private void ProcessRequestInit(HttpContextBase httpContext, out IController controller, out IControllerFactory factory)
{
    this.AddVersionHeader(httpContext);
    this.RemoveOptionalRoutingParameters();
    string requiredString = this.RequestContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");
    factory = this.ControllerBuilder.GetControllerFactory();
    controller = factory.CreateController(this.RequestContext, requiredString);
    if (controller == null)
    {
        throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture, MvcResources.ControllerBuilder_FactoryReturnedNull, new object[] { factory.GetType(), requiredString }));
    }
}

主要是通过ProcessRequestInit 获取IControllerFactory 工厂，工厂再通过上下文中的地址反射Controller实例。那这个工厂哪里来的呢？

factory = this.ControllerBuilder.GetControllerFactory(); 看一下这个ControllerBuilder 是不是很熟悉？看看Global.asax.cs的代码

View Code

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;
using System.Threading;

namespace MvcApplication
{
    // Note: For instructions on enabling IIS6 or IIS7 classic mode, 
    // visit http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        #region
        public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            //routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

            routes.MapRoute(
                "Default", // Route name
                "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters
                new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults
            );
        }
        #endregion

        protected void Application_Start()
        {           
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();            
            RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            //DefaultControllerFactory 每次都是根据上下文中的Action字符串反射Controller实例
            //可以重写DefaultControllerFactory 利用IOC容器实现Controller实例化工作（提高效率）
            ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new DefaultControllerFactory());  //Controller的反射工厂
            
        }          
    }
}

一般大家会在这个时候把ControllerFactory注入，即使用默认的DefaultControllerFactory或自己利用IOC容器实现新的ControllerFactory工厂。
在ControllerFactory获取Controller并执行了 controller.Execute(this.RequestContext)，就进入了Controller的具体业务了。

IController接口只有一个方法，ControllerBase继承IController，Controller又继承实现ControllerBase，而我们的具体业务的Controller名都是以文件夹名+Controller，并且继承了Controller。

 public class AccountController : Controller
 public class HomeController : Controller

如果想实现一现共用的业务比如：验证用户，验证权限等。我们可以再实现一个MyController继承基类Controller，然后其它的XXXController都继承这个MyController。当然也可以利用MVC提供的Filter机制（类似AOP拦截）来实现这些基本的业务验证，是不是比WebForm方便多了？

Execute方法只在ControllerBase中实现了，而Controller是直接继承的，我们的Controller也是直接继承的Controller。

View Code

protected virtual void Execute(RequestContext requestContext)
{
    if (requestContext == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("requestContext");
    }
    this.VerifyExecuteCalledOnce();
    this.Initialize(requestContext);
    this.ExecuteCore();
}

protected virtual void Initialize(RequestContext requestContext)
{
    this.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(requestContext, this);
}

protected abstract void ExecuteCore();

Execute主要的业务在放在了ExecuteCore中了，而这个ExecuteCore没有任何代码，只是在Controller中又被重载了业务。（看来ExecuteCore的业务还是被下放到了Controller中了，而Initalize只是RequestContext封装成ControllerContext，微软很有意思每一个环节都重新封装个上下文）。

在看Controller的ExecuteCore的业务

protected override void ExecuteCore()
{
    this.PossiblyLoadTempData();
    try
    {
        string requiredString = this.RouteData.GetRequiredString("action");
        if (!this.ActionInvoker.InvokeAction(base.ControllerContext, requiredString))
        {
            this.HandleUnknownAction(requiredString);
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        this.PossiblySaveTempData();
    }
}

public IActionInvoker ActionInvoker
{
    get
    {
        if (this._actionInvoker == null)
        {
            this._actionInvoker = this.CreateActionInvoker();
        }
        return this._actionInvoker;
    }
    set
    {
        this._actionInvoker = value;
    }
}
 
protected virtual IActionInvoker CreateActionInvoker()
{
    return new ControllerActionInvoker();
}

ExectueCore调用this.ActionInvoker.InvokeAction(base.ControllerContext, requiredString)) 反射执行的Action。requiredString参数为Action的名字

那这个Action被反射执行前后还有其它的业务吗？记得我们在.net mvc中看到每个Action方法或者Controller基类被贴了一些属性标签，Action执行前后又触发了哪些方面呢？

· Action执行前 Controller的OnActionExecuting先触发

· Action执行后 Controller的OnActionExecuted被触发

· Action执行前后贴有继承ActionFilterAttribute属性标签中的OnActionExecuting，OnActionExecuted被执行（还有其的Attribute如权限）

也就说ControllerActionInvoker 的InvokeAction方法在执行前还对Action和Controller进行了属性和Filter继承的扫描，来看InvokeAction的具体内容

View Code

public virtual bool InvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, string actionName)
{
    if (controllerContext == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");
    }
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(actionName))
    {
        throw new ArgumentException(MvcResources.Common_NullOrEmpty, "actionName");
    }
    ControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor = this.GetControllerDescriptor(controllerContext);
    ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor = this.FindAction(controllerContext, controllerDescriptor, actionName);
    if (actionDescriptor == null)
    {
        return false;
    }
    FilterInfo filters = this.GetFilters(controllerContext, actionDescriptor);
    try
    {
        AuthorizationContext context = this.InvokeAuthorizationFilters(controllerContext, filters.AuthorizationFilters, actionDescriptor);
        if (context.Result != null)
        {
            this.InvokeActionResult(controllerContext, context.Result);
        }
        else
        {
            if (controllerContext.Controller.ValidateRequest)
            {
                ValidateRequest(controllerContext);
            }
            IDictionary<string, object> parameterValues = this.GetParameterValues(controllerContext, actionDescriptor);
            ActionExecutedContext context2 = this.InvokeActionMethodWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ActionFilters, actionDescriptor, parameterValues);
            this.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ResultFilters, context2.Result);
        }
    }
    catch (ThreadAbortException)
    {
        throw;
    }
    catch (Exception exception)
    {
        ExceptionContext context3 = this.InvokeExceptionFilters(controllerContext, filters.ExceptionFilters, exception);
        if (!context3.ExceptionHandled)
        {
            throw;
        }
        this.InvokeActionResult(controllerContext, context3.Result);
    }
    return true;
}

ControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor = this.GetControllerDescriptor(controllerContext);
ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor = this.FindAction(controllerContext, controllerDescriptor, actionName);
上面两段代码是读取Controller和Action的所有描述信息包括标签属性

FilterInfo filters = this.GetFilters(controllerContext, actionDescriptor); 这段代码是反射前面读到的所有具体的属性

ActionExecutedContext context2 = this.InvokeActionMethodWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ActionFilters, actionDescriptor, parameterValues);

通过InvokeActionMethodWithFilters 先执行Action前置拦截的方法，然后Action，接着后置拦截的方法。是不是实现了AOP的部分功能了？当然它没做到AOP的环绕拦截功能，但相比WebForm却是进步了很多。

其实上面的InvokeAction具体怎么实现前后拦截我也没看出来，我是通过实现了两个类的重写跟进断点查看的。

五、重写Controller与ControllerActionInvoker

下面是重写的代码

View Code

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.IO;

namespace MvcApplication.Module
{
    public class MyController:Controller 
    {
        public MyController()
        {
            //this.ActionInvoker = new MyControllerActionInvoker();
        }

        protected override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
        }

        protected override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 具本的Action及前后拦截方法的调用者
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected override IActionInvoker CreateActionInvoker()
        {
            return new MyControllerActionInvoker();
        }
    }

    public class MyControllerActionInvoker : ControllerActionInvoker
    {
        public override bool InvokeAction(System.Web.Mvc.ControllerContext controllerContext, string actionName)
        {
            if (controllerContext == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(actionName))
            {
                //throw new ArgumentException(MvcResources.Common_NullOrEmpty, "actionName");
            }
            ControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor = this.GetControllerDescriptor(controllerContext);
            ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor = this.FindAction(controllerContext, controllerDescriptor, actionName);
            if (actionDescriptor == null)
            {
                return false;
            }
            //注意这里
            FilterInfo filters = this.GetFilters(controllerContext, actionDescriptor);
            try
            {
                AuthorizationContext context = this.InvokeAuthorizationFilters(controllerContext, filters.AuthorizationFilters, actionDescriptor);
                if (context.Result != null)
                {
                    this.InvokeActionResult(controllerContext, context.Result);
                }
                else
                {
                    if (controllerContext.Controller.ValidateRequest)
                    {
                        //ValidateRequest(controllerContext);
                    }
                    IDictionary<string, object> parameterValues = this.GetParameterValues(controllerContext, actionDescriptor);
                    //这里方法执行后，OnActionExecuting，OnActionExecuted,Action分别相应被触发
                    ActionExecutedContext context2 = this.InvokeActionMethodWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ActionFilters, actionDescriptor, parameterValues);
                    this.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ResultFilters, context2.Result);
                }
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
                throw;
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                ExceptionContext context3 = this.InvokeExceptionFilters(controllerContext, filters.ExceptionFilters, exception);
                if (!context3.ExceptionHandled)
                {
                    throw;
                }
                this.InvokeActionResult(controllerContext, context3.Result);
            }
            return true;

        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 自定义拦截标签属性用于测试
    /// </summary>
    public class MyActionFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
        }

        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
        }
    }
}

调试后进到MyControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAction 观察filters结构

当断点走到这个位置时

MyController及FilterAttribute属性的OnActionExecuting先被执行，接着Action被执行，然后MyController及FilterAttribute的OnActionExecuted也被执行了。

从客户端请求到Controller的具体Action执行的流程基本上走了一遍，对.net mvc机制的也有了一定的了解，相信对.net mvc开发有很大帮助，至少在理解的基础上才能充分发挥他的优点及特性。下一节我们继续通过Refletor去了解Action的返回结果ActionResult是如何返回绑定值到视图以及视图引擎的机制。

.net MVC3 加入了很多新特性，例如客户端远程验证RemoteAttribute，新的视图引擎Razor等。

补充：Filter被读取后，要按照一定的顺序来执行。我们看一下ControllerActionInvoker的InvokeAction读取所有标签属性的方法

View Code

protected virtual FilterInfo GetFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor)
{
    FilterInfo filters = actionDescriptor.GetFilters();
    ControllerBase controller = controllerContext.Controller;
    AddControllerToFilterList<IActionFilter>(controller, filters.ActionFilters);
    AddControllerToFilterList<IResultFilter>(controller, filters.ResultFilters);
    AddControllerToFilterList<IAuthorizationFilter>(controller, filters.AuthorizationFilters);
    AddControllerToFilterList<IExceptionFilter>(controller, filters.ExceptionFilters);
    return filters;
}

分别读取了IActionFilter，IAuthorizationFilter，IResultFilter，IExceptionFilter 属性标签，当然也包括Controller本身。

然后继续看InvokeAction执行的代码:

最先执行的是IAuthorizationFilter

AuthorizationContext context = this.InvokeAuthorizationFilters(controllerContext, filters.AuthorizationFilters, actionDescriptor);

其次是IActionFilter（Action也发生在这个位置）

ActionExecutedContext context2 = this.InvokeActionMethodWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ActionFilters, actionDescriptor

仔细找找发现IResultFilter 被放在context2后面的这个方法里执行的

this.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(controllerContext, filters.ResultFilters, context2.Result);

最后是IExceptionFilter

ExceptionContext context3 = this.InvokeExceptionFilters(controllerContext, filters.ExceptionFilters, exception);

上面就是Filter与Action的执行顺序。以前鄙视人家变量这A1，A2，A3的，微软也这么干，我也不好说啥了（-_-|||）。

还剩下一个问题？传给Action的参数是如何转换成对象的？这个我还没有看到代码是怎么实现的。因为MVC源码，就不必再Refletor看了，明天下了源码去分析传给Action的参数是如何转变成对象的。

posted on 2011-06-27 01:51 小城岁月阅读(22274) 评论(27) 编辑收藏举报

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