备忘录模式:备忘录对象是一个用来存储另外一个对象内部状态的快照的对象。备忘录模式的用意是在不破坏封装的条件下,将一个对象的状态捉住,并外部化,存储起来,从而可以在将来合适的时候把这个对象还原到存储起来的状态。
名称 | Memento |
结构 | |
意图 | 在不破坏封装性的前提下,捕获一个对象的内部状态,并在该对象之外保存这个状态。这样以后就可将该对象恢复到原先保存的状态。 |
适用性 |
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Code Example |
1// Memento
2 3// Intent: "Without violating encapsulation, capture and externalize an 4// object's internal state so that an object can be restored to this 5// state later." 6 7// For further information, read "Design Patterns", p283, Gamma et al., 8// Addison-Wesley, ISBN:0-201-63361-2 9 10/* Notes: 11 * We often have client code that wishes to record the current state of an 12 * object, without being interested in the actual data values (this is 13 * needed for undo and checkpointing). To support this behavior, we can have 14 * the object record its internal data in a helper class called a memento, and 15 * the client code can treat this as an opaque store of the object's state. 16 * At some later point, the client can pass the memento back into the object, 17 * to restore it to the previous state. 18 */ 19 20namespace Memento_DesignPattern 21{ 22 using System; 23 24 class Originator 25 { 26 private double manufacturer=0; 27 private double distributor = 0; 28 private double retailer = 0; 29 30 public void MakeSale(double purchasePrice) 31 { 32 // We assume sales are divided equally amount the three 33 manufacturer += purchasePrice * .40; 34 distributor += purchasePrice *.3; 35 retailer += purchasePrice *.3; 36 // Note: to avoid rounding errors for real money handling 37 // apps, we should be using decimal integers 38 // (but hey, this is just a demo!) 39 } 40 41 public Memento CreateMemento() 42 { 43 return (new Memento(manufacturer, distributor, retailer)); 44 } 45 46 public void SetMemento(Memento m) 47 { 48 manufacturer = m.A; 49 distributor = m.B; 50 retailer = m.C; 51 } 52 } 53 54 class Memento 55 { 56 private double iA; 57 private double iB; 58 private double iC; 59 60 public Memento(double a, double b, double c) 61 { 62 iA = a; 63 iB = b; 64 iC = c; 65 } 66 67 public double A 68 { 69 get 70 { 71 return iA; 72 } 73 } 74 75 public double B 76 { 77 get 78 { 79 return iB; 80 } 81 } 82 83 public double C 84 { 85 get 86 { 87 return iC; 88 } 89 } 90 } 91 92 class caretaker 93 { 94 95 } 96 97 /// <summary> 98 /// Summary description for Client. 99 /// </summary> 100 public class Client 101 { 102 public static int Main(string[] args) 103 { 104 Originator o = new Originator(); 105 106 // Assume that during the course of running an application 107 // we we set various data in the originator 108 o.MakeSale(45.0); 109 o.MakeSale(60.0); 110 111 // Now we wish to record the state of the object 112 Memento m = o.CreateMemento(); 113 114 // We make further changes to the object 115 o.MakeSale(60.0); 116 o.MakeSale(10.0); 117 o.MakeSale(320.0); 118 119 // Then we decide ot change our minds, and revert to the saved state (and lose the changes since then) 120 o.SetMemento(m); 121 122 return 0; 123 } 124 } 125} 126 127 |