实验：通过console口访问交换机

原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2012/07/13/2587174.html

1、学习目标

　　1）掌握交换机基本信息的配置与管理

　　2）使用windows系统自带的超级终端软件配置交换机

　　3）查看交换机开机过程

2、技术原理

交换机的管理方式基本分为两种：带内管理和带外管理。

• 通过交换机的Console端口管理交换机属于带外管理：这种管理方式不占用交换机的网络端口，第一次配置交换机必须利用Console端口进行配置。
• 通过远程Telnet、拨号等方式属于带内管理

3、交换机命令行模式

主要包括以下几种模式：

用户模式 Switch>
特权模式 Switch#
全局配置模式 Switch(config)#
端口模式 Switch(config-if)#

4、实战操作

4.1 实验拓扑

 

 

4.2 交换机基本配置

# 交换机启动过程
C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4)
Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory.
2960-24TT starting...
Base ethernet MAC Address: 00E0.F757.D7EA
Xmodem file system is available.
Initializing Flash...
flashfs[0]: 1 files, 0 directories
flashfs[0]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
flashfs[0]: Total bytes: 64016384
flashfs[0]: Bytes used: 4414921
flashfs[0]: Bytes available: 59601463
flashfs[0]: flashfs fsck took 1 seconds.
...done Initializing Flash.

Boot Sector Filesystem (bs:) installed, fsid: 3
Parameter Block Filesystem (pb:) installed, fsid: 4


Loading "flash:/c2960-lanbase-mz.122-25.FX.bin"...
########################################################################## [OK]
              Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

           cisco Systems, Inc.
           170 West Tasman Drive
           San Jose, California 95134-1706




Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team
Image text-base: 0x80008098, data-base: 0x814129C4



Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory.


24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address       : 00E0.F757.D7EA
Motherboard assembly number     : 73-9832-06
Power supply part number        : 341-0097-02
Motherboard serial number       : FOC103248MJ
Power supply serial number      : DCA102133JA
Model revision number           : B0
Motherboard revision number     : C0
Model number                    : WS-C2960-24TT
System serial number            : FOC1033Z1EY
Top Assembly Part Number        : 800-26671-02
Top Assembly Revision Number    : B0
Version ID                      : V02
CLEI Code Number                : COM3K00BRA
Hardware Board Revision Number  : 0x01


Switch   Ports  Model              SW Version              SW Image
------   -----  -----              ----------              ----------
*    1   26     WS-C2960-24TT      12.2                    C2960-LANBASE-M

Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team

Press RETURN to get started!



Switch>

 

Switch>enable           # 进入特权模式
Switch#conf t            # 进入全局配置模式 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1    # 进入交换机端口视图模式
Switch(config-if)#speed ?          # 配置交换机端口速度
  10    Force 10 Mbps operation
  100   Force 100 Mbps operation
  auto  Enable AUTO speed configuration
Switch(config-if)#speed 100
Switch(config-if)#duplex ?         # 配置交换机端口双工模式
  auto  Enable AUTO duplex configuration
  full  Force full duplex operation
  half  Force half-duplex operation
Switch(config-if)#duplex full
Switch(config-if)#exit                # 退回到上一级模式  
Switch(config)#end                   # 直接退回到特权模式
Switch#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Switch#show version                # 查看交换机信息
Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team

ROM: C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4)

System returned to ROM by power-on

Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory.


24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address       : 00E0.F757.D7EA
Motherboard assembly number     : 73-9832-06
Power supply part number        : 341-0097-02
Motherboard serial number       : FOC103248MJ
Power supply serial number      : DCA102133JA
Model revision number           : B0
Motherboard revision number     : C0
Model number                    : WS-C2960-24TT
System serial number            : FOC1033Z1EY
Top Assembly Part Number        : 800-26671-02
Top Assembly Revision Number    : B0
Version ID                      : V02
CLEI Code Number                : COM3K00BRA
Hardware Board Revision Number  : 0x01


Switch   Ports  Model              SW Version              SW Image
------   -----  -----              ----------              ----------
*    1   26     WS-C2960-24TT      12.2                    C2960-LANBASE-M

Configuration register is 0xF
 Switch#show running-config     # 查看当前生效的配置信息
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1033 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 duplex full
 speed 100
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/2
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
!
line con 0
!
line vty 0 4
 login
line vty 5 15
 login
!
!
end
Switch#?            # 获取帮助信息
Exec commands:
  <1-99>      Session number to resume
  clear       Reset functions
  clock       Manage the system clock
  configure   Enter configuration mode
  connect     Open a terminal connection
  copy        Copy from one file to another
  debug       Debugging functions (see also 'undebug')
  delete      Delete a file
  dir         List files on a filesystem
  disable     Turn off privileged commands
  disconnect  Disconnect an existing network connection
  enable      Turn on privileged commands
  erase       Erase a filesystem
  exit        Exit from the EXEC
  logout      Exit from the EXEC
  more        Display the contents of a file
  no          Disable debugging informations
  ping        Send echo messages
  reload      Halt and perform a cold restart
  resume      Resume an active network connection
  setup       Run the SETUP command facility
  show        Show running system information
  telnet      Open a telnet connection
  terminal    Set terminal line parameters
  traceroute  Trace route to destination
  undebug     Disable debugging functions (see also 'debug')
  vlan        Configure VLAN parameters
  write       Write running configuration to memory, network, or terminal   
Switch#copy ?
  flash:          Copy from flash: file system
  running-config  Copy from current system configuration
  startup-config  Copy from startup configuration
  tftp:           Copy from tftp: file system