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Maven构建简单的多模块项目

Posted on 2014-01-06 11:55  CN.programmer.Luxh  阅读(5723)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

  一般web项目会进行分模块开发。这里简单分为domain(领域层)、persist(持久层)、service(业务层)、web(交互控制层)。

  用Maven构建以上各层,结构如下:

                                                    

1、创建simple-parent,用来给各个子模块继承。

  1)进入命令行,输入以下命令:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=cn.luxh -DartifactId=simple-parent -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

  可以看到在当前目录生成了simple-parent目录,里面有一个src目录和一个pom.xml文件。

  将src文件夹删除。

  2)修改pom.xml文件

将<packaging>jar</packaging>修改为<packaging>pom</packaging>

  pom表示它是一个被继承的模块,修改后的内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
  <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>simple-parent</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 
</project>

 

2、创建simple-domain模块

  1)在命令行进入创建好的simple-parent目录,然后进入下列命令:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=cn.luxh -DartifactId=simple-domain -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

  可以看到在simple-parent目录中生成了simple-domain,里面包含src目录和pom.xml文件。

  同时,在simple-parent目录中的pom文件自动添加了如下内容:

 <modules>
    <module>simple-domain</module>
  </modules>

  这时,simple-parent的pom.xml文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
  <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>simple-parent</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 
  <modules>
    <module>simple-domain</module>
  </modules>
</project>

   2)修改simple-domain目录中的pom.xml文件

把<groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>和<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>去掉,加上<packaging>jar</packaging>

  因为groupId和version会继承simple-parent中的groupId和version,packaging设置打包方式为jar

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>simple-domain</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <name>simple-domain</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 
</project>

 

3、创建simple-persist模块

  1)在命令行进入创建好的simple-parent目录,然后进入下列命令:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=cn.luxh -DartifactId=simple-persist -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

  可以看到在simple-parent目录中生成了simple-persist,里面包含src目录和pom.xml文件。

  同时,在simple-parent目录中的pom文件自动变成如下内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
  <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>simple-parent</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 
  <modules>
    <module>simple-domain</module>
    <module>simple-persist</module>
  </modules>
</project>

  2)修改simple-persist目录中的pom.xml文件

  添加对simple-domain模块的依赖,修改后的内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>simple-persist</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <name>simple-persist</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
      <artifactId>simple-domain</artifactId>
      <version>${project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

 

4、创建simple-service模块

  1)在命令行进入创建好的simple-parent目录,然后进入下列命令:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=cn.luxh -DartifactId=simple-service -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

  可以看到在simple-parent目录中生成了simple-service,里面包含src目录和pom.xml文件。

  同时,在simple-parent目录中的pom文件自动变成如下内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
  <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>simple-parent</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 
  <modules>
    <module>simple-domain</module>
    <module>simple-persist</module>
    <module>simple-service</module>
  </modules>
</project>

  2)修改simple-service目录中的pom.xml文件

  simple-service依赖simple-persist和simple-domain,但是我们只需添加simple-persist的依赖即可,引文simple-persist已经依赖了simple-domain。

  修改后的内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>simple-service</artifactId>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>simple-service</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId> <artifactId>simple-persist</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>

 

5、创建simple-web模块

  1)在命令行进入创建好的simple-parent目录,然后进入下列命令:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=cn.luxh -DartifactId=simple-web -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false

  可以看到在simple-parent目录中生成了simple-web,里面包含src目录和pom.xml文件,在\simple-web\src\main\webapp目录中还生成了一个简单的index.jsp,将里面的内容改为

  Hey,Maven!

  simple-web\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF目录中生成了web.xml

  同时,在simple-parent目录中的pom文件自动变成如下内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
  <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>simple-parent</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 
  <modules>
    <module>simple-domain</module>
    <module>simple-persist</module>
    <module>simple-service</module>
    <module>simple-web</module>
  </modules>
</project>

  2)修改simple-web目录中的pom.xml文件

     注意,web项目的打包方式是war,添加对simple-service的依赖

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>simple-web</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>simple-web Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
      <artifactId>simple-service</artifactId>
      <version>${project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>simple-web</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

 

6、至此创建好了这几个模块,怎么运行起来呢。

  1)由于最终运行的是simple-web模块,所以我们对该模块添加jetty容易支持,方便测试运行。修改simple-web项目的pom.xml如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>simple-web</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>simple-web Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
      <artifactId>simple-service</artifactId>
      <version>${project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>simple-web</finalName>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

  2)命令行进入simple-parent目录,执行如下命令

mvn clean install

   执行完后,在simple-web目录下多出了target目录,里面有了simple-web.war

  3)命令行进入simple-web目录,执行如下命令,启动jetty

mvn jetty:run

  启动jetty服务器后,访问http://localhost:8080/simple-web/

7、加入Servlet的依赖支持

  修改simple-web目录的pom.xml,内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>simple-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>simple-web</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>simple-web Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.luxh</groupId>
      <artifactId>simple-service</artifactId>
      <version>${project.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
        <artifactId>geronimo-servlet_2.4_spec</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>simple-web</finalName>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

  

  最后,从eclipse中导入存在的Maven项目,选中simple-parent导入,即可在eclipse中进行开发了。