IIS下实现Comet HTTP长连接

这个前段时间无聊写的,还有不基于IIS的实现,HttpListener和Socket(Socket暂时没写)请移步到这儿下载源代码。

 

所谓的长连接就是服务端长时间挂起请求, 不立即返回,等必要时在返回。至于客户端通常有Iframe的Chunked方式和普通的XMLHTTPRequest。Iframe好像就google在使用,不知道是怎样难解决浏览器加载进度问题的。

长连接的时间也不是很长,虽然基于TCP的Http完全可以保持不断开,但是浏览器有超时机制。业界浏览器下长连接普遍都设置为20s,大概是可以兼容各浏览器最小超时时间。

Asp.net的实现每个请求都是route到一个Handler处理,但如果要保持长连接,怎么做呢?我就见过很多人Thread.Sleep()循环等待处理,但是有没想过,.Net 都是走线程池的,如果一个连接一个线程的话,线程池很快就满了,Asp.Net默认为每个核心分配25个线程(为什么是25个呢,在普遍的IO/CPU 比例上这个值大体比较合理,当然根据业务各异,可以自己调节,MSDN上有篇Preformance文章)。当然这个线程数的最优值应该是根据不同的应用而不同。如果有1000人同时在线的话,1000线程都是在不停的轮询,线程上下文切换和大量轮询操作将会是这个应用的瓶颈,更别说支持更多人的在线。

 

在Asp.net下有个很简单的实现方式,那就是IHttpAsyncHandle:

  public IAsyncResult BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, object extraData) 

   public void EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result)

 

 BeginProcessRequest就是开始执行的意思:context是上下文,cb其实就是回调FinishRequest (其中调用 EndProcessRequest),通知IIS结束请求,extraData是啥米东西呢?看看源码才知道其实就是context,咱们不理他。

 

 原理:在这里最重要的是提供cb参数,也就是Asp.net内部在这个请求执行BeginProcession之后将回调cb给了你,接下来他就不需要额外的线程等待你的请求完成了,可以转向其他请求。但是我们总的需要线程来处理我们的请求和通知IIS我们结束了吧。那么我们就需要自己的工作线程,在BeginProcessRequest将cb放入我们的线程待处理队列,不管是1个还是1000个都是批量处理。而且只占一个线程。为了利用cpu资源,我们默认设置每个核心一个线程,多了也没用,因为没有IO等待了。

 

还是看代码:

1 将请求加入队列 

 代码

public IAsyncResult BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, object extraData)
        {
            ChatRequest request 
= new ChatRequest();
            request.Identity 
= 1;
            
int lastId =0;
            
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.QueryString["lastid"]))
            {
                
int.TryParse(context.Request.QueryString["lastid"],out lastId);
            }
            request.lastId 
= lastId;
            
//异步请求将请求放入自定义线程池内,由消息抽发或者定时轮询处理
            CometAsyncResult result = new CometAsyncResult(request,context, cb, extraData);
            result.HandleCometRequest();
            
return result;
        }

        
public void EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            
//在有消息或者是超时 内部线程池调用Callback,Asp.Net将调用这里处理结束
            CometAsyncResult cometResult = result as CometAsyncResult;
            
if (cometResult.Response.IsTimeOut)
            {
                cometResult.Context.Response.Write(
"{\"d\":\"failure\",\"message\":\"time out!\"}");
            }
            
else
            {
                cometResult.Context.Response.Write(
"{\"d\":\"success!\",\"message\":\receive:" + cometResult.Response.Message.Count().ToString() + "messages;\"}");
            }
        }
 
 
 

 

 

 

 2 线程池

代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using Ncuhome.Chat.Model;

namespace Ncuhome.Chat.SimpleThreadPool
{
    
public static class CometThreadPool
    {
        
#region Thread
        
//最大工作线程
        public const int MaxThreadCount = 10;
        
//默认工作线程,处理程序为CPU密集操作,默认与cpu核心数相同即可
        public const int DefaultThreadCount = 2;

        
public static int ThreadCount { getset; }

        
internal static CometThread[] CometThreads;

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 启动线程池,注册会话处理对象
        
/// </summary>
        public static void Start(IChatSessionManager sessionManager)
        {
            Start(DefaultThreadCount, sessionManager);
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 启动线程池,注册会话处理对象
        
/// </summary>
        public static void Start(int threadCount, IChatSessionManager sessionManager)
        {
            
if (threadCount < MaxThreadCount && threadCount > 0)
            {
                ThreadCount 
= threadCount;
            }
            
else
            {
                ThreadCount 
= DefaultThreadCount;
            }

            CometThreads 
= new CometThread[ThreadCount];
            
for (int i = 0; i < ThreadCount; i++)
            {
                CometThreads[i] 
= new CometThread(sessionManager);
            }
        }
        
#endregion

        
#region Handler
        
private static object SyncRoot = new object();

        
private static int AssignRequestThreadIndex = 0;

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 处理消息
        
/// </summary>
        public static void HandleMessage(ChatMessageModel message)
        {
            
//每个线程各自一份数据
            lock (SyncRoot)
            {
                
for (int i = 0; i < ThreadCount; i++)
                {
                    CometThreads[i].HandeChatMessage(message);
                }
            }
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 处理消息
        
/// </summary>
        public static void HandleMessage(IEnumerable<ChatMessageModel> messages)
        {
            
//每个线程各自一份数据
            lock (SyncRoot)
            {
                
for (int i = 0; i < ThreadCount; i++)
                {
                    CometThreads[i].HandeChatMessage(messages);
                }
            }
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 把长连接队列
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="result"></param>
        public static void QueueCometRequest(ICometRequest result)
        {
            
lock (SyncRoot)
            {
                
if (AssignRequestThreadIndex == ThreadCount)
                {
                    AssignRequestThreadIndex 
= 0;
                }
                CometThreads[AssignRequestThreadIndex].EnQueueCometRequest(result);
                AssignRequestThreadIndex
++;
            }
        }
        
#endregion
    }
}

 

3线程:

 代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using Ncuhome.Chat.Model;

namespace Ncuhome.Chat.SimpleThreadPool
{
    
internal class CometThread
    {
        
#region property
        
//兼容浏览器,超时应为20s
        private const int RequestTimeOut = 5;
        
//CurrentThread
        private Thread ChatThread;
        
//Request Queue
        private LinkedList<ICometRequest> CometRequestList;

        
private IChatSessionManager SessionManager;

        
// 事件触发模式
        private SessionTriggerMode SessionRaisedMode;

        
//聊天记录,每个线程保存一份记录,数据量不大,避免并发性能问题
        private List<ChatMessageModel> CometChatMessage;
        
//并发锁
        private object RequestSyncRoot = new object();
        
private object MessageSyncRoot = new object();

        
//会话,事件驱动触发
        private AutoResetEvent SessionWaitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false);

        
//线程无请求是,等待信号
        private AutoResetEvent ThreadWaitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false);
        
#endregion

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 线程初始化
        
/// </summary>
        public CometThread(IChatSessionManager sessionManager)
        {
            CometRequestList 
= new LinkedList<ICometRequest>();
            
//使用事件驱动
            SessionRaisedMode = SessionTriggerMode.EventTrigger;
            CometChatMessage 
= new List<ChatMessageModel>();

            SessionManager 
= sessionManager;
            ChatThread 
= new Thread(new ThreadStart(CometThreadStart));
            ChatThread.IsBackground 
= false;
            ChatThread.Start();
        }

        
public int RequestCount
        {
            
get
            {
                
return CometRequestList.Count*CometThreadPool.ThreadCount;
            }
        }

        
#region 处理
        
private void CometThreadStart()
        {
            
while (true)
            {
                
//转成数组再处理,避免长时间对CometRequestList对象 lock
                ICometRequest[] processRequest;
                
lock (RequestSyncRoot)
                {
                    processRequest 
= CometRequestList.ToArray();
                }

                
if (processRequest.Count() == 0)
                {
                    ThreadWaitHandle.WaitOne();
                }

                
//处理请求
                if (SessionRaisedMode == SessionTriggerMode.EventTrigger)
                {
                    HandleEventTriggerMode(processRequest);
                }
                
else
                {
                    HandlePollingMode(processRequest);
                }
            }
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 以新消息触发 队列请求处理
        
/// </summary>
        void HandleEventTriggerMode(ICometRequest[] requests)
        {
            
//1s超时进入轮询
            SessionWaitHandle.WaitOne(1000);
            ChatMessageModel[] chatMessages;
            
lock (MessageSyncRoot)
            {
                chatMessages 
= CometChatMessage.ToArray();
                
//内存中值保留前20条记录,避免查询耗时
                CometChatMessage = CometChatMessage.Take(20).ToList();
            }

            
foreach (var request in requests)
            {
                
                SessionManager.DoChatSession(request, chatMessages, FinishCometRequest);
            }
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 单轮询模式处理,定时检查消息队列
        
/// </summary>
        void HandlePollingMode(ICometRequest[] requests)
        {
            ChatMessageModel[] chatMessages;
            
lock (MessageSyncRoot)
            {
                chatMessages 
= CometChatMessage.ToArray();
                
//内存中值保留前20条记录,避免查询耗时
                CometChatMessage = CometChatMessage.Take(20).ToList();
            }
            
foreach (var request in requests)
            {
                SessionManager.DoChatSession(request, chatMessages, FinishCometRequest);
            }

            
//定时扫描
            Thread.Sleep(200);
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 立即处理请求(返回时候得到处理)
        
/// </summary>
        void HandleCurrentRequest(ICometRequest request)
        {
            
lock (MessageSyncRoot)
            {
                
//处理一个请求,不对MessageList copy了
                SessionManager.DoChatSession(request,CometChatMessage ,null );
              
if(request.IsCompeled)
              {
                    request.FinishCometRequest();
                }
            }
        }
        
#endregion

        
#region Messages
        
/// <summary>
        
/// 添加新消息
        
/// </summary>
        public void HandeChatMessage(ChatMessageModel message)
        {
            
lock (MessageSyncRoot)
            {
                CometChatMessage.Add(message);
            }
            
//新消息信号
            SessionWaitHandle.Set();
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 添加新消息
        
/// </summary>
        public void HandeChatMessage(IEnumerable<ChatMessageModel> messages)
        {
            
lock (MessageSyncRoot)
            {
                CometChatMessage.AddRange(messages);
            }
            
//新消息信号
            SessionWaitHandle.Set();
        }
        
#endregion

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 完成长连接处理
        
/// </summary>
        public void FinishCometRequest(ICometRequest request)
        {
            
if (request.IsCompeled||(DateTime.Now - request.BeginTime).TotalSeconds >= RequestTimeOut)
            {
                DeQueueCometRequest(request);

                request.FinishCometRequest();
            }
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 将请求加入线程处理队列
        
/// </summary>
        public void EnQueueCometRequest(ICometRequest request)
        {
            request.CometConcurrentCount 
= RequestCount;

            
//需要立即处理请求,如果有数据及立即返回,无数据才加入队列
            HandleCurrentRequest(request);

            
if (request.IsCompeled)
            {
                
return;
            }

            
//将请求加入队列处理
            lock (RequestSyncRoot)
            {
                CometRequestList.AddFirst(request);
                
//通知线程开始工作
                ThreadWaitHandle.Set();
            }
        }

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 完成请求删除节点
        
/// </summary>
        public void DeQueueCometRequest(ICometRequest request)
        {
            
lock (RequestSyncRoot)
            {
                CometRequestList.Remove(request);
            }
        }
    }
}

 

 

 详细代码参加:https://ncuhome.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/Ncuhome

经过本机测试在3000个长连接是完成正常工作,代码很不完善,仅供参考,项目里面还有HttpListener的实现,Socket实现没有接着写。

posted @ 2011-01-01 00:21  LittlePeng  阅读(4356)  评论(10编辑  收藏  举报