一步一步学Linq to sql(九):其它补充

 

 外部映射文件

 

       我们可以使用sqlmetal命令行工具来生成外部映射文件,使用方法如下:

1、开始菜单 -》 VS2008 -》VS工具 -》VS2008命令行提示

2、输入命令:

D:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC>sqlmetal /conn:server=xxx;

database=Northwind;uid=xxx;pwd=xxx /map:c:\northwind.map /code:c:\northwind.cs

3、这样,我们就可以在C盘下得到一个xml映射文件和C#的实体类代码

4、把.cs文件添加到项目中来(放到App_Code目录),然后使用下面的代码加载映射文件:

String path = @"C:\Northwind.map";

XmlMappingSource xms = XmlMappingSource.FromXml(File.ReadAllText(path));

Northwind ctx = new Northwind("server=xxx;database=Northwind;uid=xxx;pwd=xxx", xms);

5、现在就可以照常进行其它工作了。使用sqlmetal可以很方便的同步数据库与实体和映射文件。每次修改数据库结构,从dbml设计器上删除表、存储过程然后再重新添加也是很麻烦的事情。

 

处理空值

 

          var count = (from c in ctx.Customers where c.Region == null select c).Count();

        Response.Write(count + "<br/>");

        var query = from emp in ctx.Employees select emp.ReportsTo;

        foreach (Nullable<int> r in query)

        {

            Response.Write(r.HasValue ? r.Value.ToString() + "<br/>" : "没有<br/>");

        }

       代码执行后捕获到下面的SQL被执行:

SELECT COUNT(*) AS [value]

FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0]

WHERE [t0].[Region] IS NULL

 

SELECT [t0].[ReportsTo]

FROM [dbo].[Employees] AS [t0]

 

已编译查询

 

       对于一些在项目中经常被用到的查询可以封装成已编译查询,这样就能提高执行效率:

static class Queries

{

    public static Func<NorthwindDataContext, string, IQueryable<Customer>>

        CustomersByCity = CompiledQuery.Compile((NorthwindDataContext ctx, string city) => from c in ctx.Customers where c.City == city select c);

}

       调用查询方式如下:   

        GridView1.DataSource = Queries.CustomersByCity(ctx, "London");

        GridView1.DataBind();

 
获取一些信息

 

        var query = from c in ctx.Customers select c;

        Response.Write("Provider类型:" + ctx.Mapping.ProviderType + "<br/>");

        Response.Write("数据库:" + ctx.Mapping.DatabaseName + "<br/>");

        Response.Write("表:" + ctx.Mapping.GetTable(typeof(Customer)).TableName + "<br/>");

        Response.Write("表达式:" + query.Expression.ToString() + "<br/>");

        Response.Write("sql" + query.Provider.ToString() + "<br/>");

       上面的代码执行结果如下:

Provider类型:System.Data.Linq.SqlClient.SqlProvider
数据库:Northwind
表:dbo.Customers
表达式:Table(Customer).Select(c => c)
sql
SELECT [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[CompanyName], [t0].[ContactName], [t0].[ContactTitle], [t0].[Address], [t0].[City], [t0].[Region], [t0].[PostalCode], [t0].[Country], [t0].[Phone], [t0].[Fax] FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0]窗体顶端

窗体底端

 

撤销提交

 

        var customer = ctx.Customers.Single(c => c.CustomerID == "AROUT");

        customer.ContactName = "zhuye";

        customer.Country = "Shanghai";

        Response.Write(string.Format("Name:{0},Country:{1}<br/>", customer.ContactName, customer.Country));

        customer = ctx.Customers.GetOriginalEntityState(customer);

        Response.Write(string.Format("Name:{0},Country:{1}<br/>", customer.ContactName, customer.Country));

       上面的代码执行效果如下:

Name:zhuye,Country:Shanghai
Name:Thomas Hardy,Country:UK

 

批量操作

 

       下面的代码会导致提交NDELETE操作:

        var query = from c in ctx.Customers select c;

        ctx.Customers.RemoveAll(query);

        ctx.SubmitChanges();

       应该使用sql语句进行批操作:

        string sql = String.Format("delete from {0}", ctx.Mapping.GetTable(typeof(Customer)).TableName);

        ctx.ExecuteCommand(sql);

       对于批量更新操作也是同样道理。

       

本文将会不断补充其它点滴。最后一篇将会结合分层分布式应用给出一个实际的项目。

posted @ 2007-08-22 20:56  lovecherry  阅读(13584)  评论(9编辑  收藏  举报