[转]GridView导出到Excel或Word文件
在项目中我们经常会遇到要求将一些数据导出成Excel或者Word表格的情况，比如中国移动（我是中国移动用户）网上查话费的页面中就有一个导出到Excel的功能，光大网上银行查看历史明细也有这些功能....，原本以为这个问题不难的，不过看到网上经常有朋友问，于是我整理了一下，供大家参考。
前台页面：
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="ExportDemo.aspx.cs" Inherits="ExportDemo" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>GridView导出到Excel或Word文件——周公的博客：http://blog.csdn.net</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:GridView ID="gvPersonList" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False">
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField DataField="Id" HeaderText="编号" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="Name" HeaderText="姓名" />
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="性别">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Eval("Sex").ToString()=="true"?"男":"女" %>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:BoundField DataField="Age" HeaderText="年龄" />
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="婚否">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Boolean.Parse(Eval("Married").ToString())==true?"是":"否" %>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
</Columns>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:Button ID="btnToExcel" runat="server" OnClick="btnToExcel_Click" Text="导出到Excel" />
<asp:Button ID="btnToWord" runat="server" OnClick="btnToWord_Click" Text="导出到Word" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>GridView导出到Excel或Word文件——周公的博客：http://blog.csdn.net</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:GridView ID="gvPersonList" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False">
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField DataField="Id" HeaderText="编号" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="Name" HeaderText="姓名" />
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="性别">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Eval("Sex").ToString()=="true"?"男":"女" %>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:BoundField DataField="Age" HeaderText="年龄" />
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="婚否">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Boolean.Parse(Eval("Married").ToString())==true?"是":"否" %>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
</Columns>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:Button ID="btnToExcel" runat="server" OnClick="btnToExcel_Click" Text="导出到Excel" />
<asp:Button ID="btnToWord" runat="server" OnClick="btnToWord_Click" Text="导出到Word" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
后台代码：
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
/// <summary>
/// 程序说明：这是一个GridView导出成Excel或者Word文件的实例。为了演示，我采用了自动生成DataTable，然后绑定。
/// 同时为了初学者查看代码方便，关键处我都做了注释。
/// 对程序说明，在asp.net 1.1中由于对控件呈现不是很严格，所以无需override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法
/// 但在asp.net2.0中，控件的校验严格了，RenderControl代码只有走正常流程在render方法中它自己调用才能成功，
/// 在你自己写的事件方法中调用就会出现这个错误。这个错误信息有点误导，你明明写在服务器控件Form内，它照样会这样提醒你，
/// 实际上是asp.net2.0设置了内部变量控制RenderControl不允许在Render方法之外被轻易调用。如果不override VerifyRenderingInServerForm
/// 就会报错。我们override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法，里面不写任何代码即可
/// 作者：周公
/// 日期：2008-5-16
/// 网址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn
/// </summary>
public partial class ExportDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private string firstName = "赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈诸卫蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张孔曹严华";
private string lastName = "猛勇刚强豹彪雁燕蓉菲";
void Page_Load() void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!Page.IsPostBack)
{
BindGridView();
}
}
void BindGridView() void BindGridView()
{
DataTable myData = CreateDataTable();
Session["MyData"] = myData;
gvPersonList.DataSource = myData;
gvPersonList.DataBind();
}
//手动生成DataTable
DataTable CreateDataTable() DataTable CreateDataTable()
{
DataTable data = new DataTable();
DataColumn dcId = new DataColumn("ID", typeof(Int32));
//设置ID列自动递增
dcId.AutoIncrement = true;
//设置ID列初始值为1
dcId.AutoIncrementSeed = 1;
//设置ID列递增步长为1
dcId.AutoIncrementStep = 1;
//将ID列添加到DataTable中
data.Columns.Add(dcId);
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string)));
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Age", typeof(int)));
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Sex", typeof(bool)));
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Married", typeof(bool)));
DataRow dataRow = null;
Random random = new Random();
//随机生成20条记录
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
{
dataRow = data.NewRow();
//随机生成姓名
dataRow["Name"] = firstName.Substring(random.Next(firstName.Length), 1) + lastName.Substring(random.Next(lastName.Length), 1);
//随即生成介于20至100之间的年龄
int age = random.Next(20, 100);
dataRow["Age"] = age;
//随即设置性别
bool sex = (random.Next(100) % 2 == 0) ? true : false;
dataRow["Sex"] = sex;
if (((sex == true) && (age >= 22)) || ((sex == false) && (age >= 20)))//男性结婚年龄大于22周岁，女性结婚年龄大于20周岁
{
dataRow["Married"] = (random.Next(500) % 2 == 0) ? true : false;
}
else
{
dataRow["Married"] = false;
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
return data;
}
//override掉这个方法
override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm() override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)
{
//注释掉下面的代码，否则在asp.net2.0下会报错（注：GridView是asp.net 2.0下的控件，1.1下一些控件也可以导出成Excel或者Word）
//base.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(control);
}
void btnToExcel_Click() void btnToExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Response.Clear();
Response.BufferOutput = true;
//设定输出的字符集
Response.Charset = "GB2312";
//假定导出的文件名为FileName.xls
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.xls");
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
//设置导出文件的格式
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
//关闭ViewState
EnableViewState = false;
System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN", true);
System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
//把HTML写回浏览器
Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
Response.End();
}
//导出成Word文件
void btnToWord_Click() void btnToWord_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Response.Clear();
Response.BufferOutput = true;
//设定输出的字符集
Response.Charset = "GB2312";
//假定导出的文件名为FileName.doc
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.doc");
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
////设置导出文件的格式
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";
//关闭ViewState
gvPersonList.EnableViewState = false;
System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN", true);
System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
// //把HTML写回浏览器
Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
Response.End();
}
}
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
/// <summary>
/// 程序说明：这是一个GridView导出成Excel或者Word文件的实例。为了演示，我采用了自动生成DataTable，然后绑定。
/// 同时为了初学者查看代码方便，关键处我都做了注释。
/// 对程序说明，在asp.net 1.1中由于对控件呈现不是很严格，所以无需override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法
/// 但在asp.net2.0中，控件的校验严格了，RenderControl代码只有走正常流程在render方法中它自己调用才能成功，
/// 在你自己写的事件方法中调用就会出现这个错误。这个错误信息有点误导，你明明写在服务器控件Form内，它照样会这样提醒你，
/// 实际上是asp.net2.0设置了内部变量控制RenderControl不允许在Render方法之外被轻易调用。如果不override VerifyRenderingInServerForm
/// 就会报错。我们override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法，里面不写任何代码即可
/// 作者：周公
/// 日期：2008-5-16
/// 网址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn
/// </summary>
public partial class ExportDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private string firstName = "赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈诸卫蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张孔曹严华";
private string lastName = "猛勇刚强豹彪雁燕蓉菲";
void Page_Load() void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!Page.IsPostBack)
{
BindGridView();
}
}
void BindGridView() void BindGridView()
{
DataTable myData = CreateDataTable();
Session["MyData"] = myData;
gvPersonList.DataSource = myData;
gvPersonList.DataBind();
}
//手动生成DataTable
DataTable CreateDataTable() DataTable CreateDataTable()
{
DataTable data = new DataTable();
DataColumn dcId = new DataColumn("ID", typeof(Int32));
//设置ID列自动递增
dcId.AutoIncrement = true;
//设置ID列初始值为1
dcId.AutoIncrementSeed = 1;
//设置ID列递增步长为1
dcId.AutoIncrementStep = 1;
//将ID列添加到DataTable中
data.Columns.Add(dcId);
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string)));
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Age", typeof(int)));
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Sex", typeof(bool)));
data.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Married", typeof(bool)));
DataRow dataRow = null;
Random random = new Random();
//随机生成20条记录
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
{
dataRow = data.NewRow();
//随机生成姓名
dataRow["Name"] = firstName.Substring(random.Next(firstName.Length), 1) + lastName.Substring(random.Next(lastName.Length), 1);
//随即生成介于20至100之间的年龄
int age = random.Next(20, 100);
dataRow["Age"] = age;
//随即设置性别
bool sex = (random.Next(100) % 2 == 0) ? true : false;
dataRow["Sex"] = sex;
if (((sex == true) && (age >= 22)) || ((sex == false) && (age >= 20)))//男性结婚年龄大于22周岁，女性结婚年龄大于20周岁
{
dataRow["Married"] = (random.Next(500) % 2 == 0) ? true : false;
}
else
{
dataRow["Married"] = false;
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
return data;
}
//override掉这个方法
override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm() override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)
{
//注释掉下面的代码，否则在asp.net2.0下会报错（注：GridView是asp.net 2.0下的控件，1.1下一些控件也可以导出成Excel或者Word）
//base.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(control);
}
void btnToExcel_Click() void btnToExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Response.Clear();
Response.BufferOutput = true;
//设定输出的字符集
Response.Charset = "GB2312";
//假定导出的文件名为FileName.xls
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.xls");
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
//设置导出文件的格式
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
//关闭ViewState
EnableViewState = false;
System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN", true);
System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
//把HTML写回浏览器
Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
Response.End();
}
//导出成Word文件
void btnToWord_Click() void btnToWord_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Response.Clear();
Response.BufferOutput = true;
//设定输出的字符集
Response.Charset = "GB2312";
//假定导出的文件名为FileName.doc
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.doc");
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
////设置导出文件的格式
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";
//关闭ViewState
gvPersonList.EnableViewState = false;
System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN", true);
System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
// //把HTML写回浏览器
Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
Response.End();
}
}
运行效果：
需要说明的是：在asp.net2.0环境下，VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法不override的话，则会出现“错误提示:类型“GridView”的控件“GridView1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内”这个错误。
本文出自 “周公的专栏” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com/792419/166817
