python简单实现websocket
协议选择的是新的Hybi-10，参考文章如下：
http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuweisky/p/3930780.html http://blog.mycolorway.com/2011/11/22/a-minimal-python-websocket-server/ http://blog.csdn.net/icechenbing/article/details/7407588
实现一个简单的聊天室程序，代码如下：
#-*- coding:utf8 -*- import threading import hashlib import socket import base64 global clients clients = {} #通知客户端 def notify(message): for connection in clients.values(): connection.send('%c%c%s' % (0x81, len(message), message)) #客户端处理线程 class websocket_thread(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, connection, username): super(websocket_thread, self).__init__() self.connection = connection self.username = username def run(self): print 'new websocket client joined!' data = self.connection.recv(1024) headers = self.parse_headers(data) token = self.generate_token(headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key']) self.connection.send('\ HTTP/1.1 101 WebSocket Protocol Hybi-10\r\n\ Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n\ Connection: Upgrade\r\n\ Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\n\r\n' % token) while True: try: data = self.connection.recv(1024) except socket.error, e: print "unexpected error: ", e clients.pop(self.username) break data = self.parse_data(data) if len(data) == 0: continue message = self.username + ": " + data notify(message) def parse_data(self, msg): v = ord(msg[1]) & 0x7f if v == 0x7e: p = 4 elif v == 0x7f: p = 10 else: p = 2 mask = msg[p:p+4] data = msg[p+4:] return ''.join([chr(ord(v) ^ ord(mask[k%4])) for k, v in enumerate(data)]) def parse_headers(self, msg): headers = {} header, data = msg.split('\r\n\r\n', 1) for line in header.split('\r\n')[1:]: key, value = line.split(': ', 1) headers[key] = value headers['data'] = data return headers def generate_token(self, msg): key = msg + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11' ser_key = hashlib.sha1(key).digest() return base64.b64encode(ser_key) #服务端 class websocket_server(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, port): super(websocket_server, self).__init__() self.port = port def run(self): sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', self.port)) sock.listen(5) print 'websocket server started!' while True: connection, address = sock.accept() try: username = "ID" + str(address[1]) thread = websocket_thread(connection, username) thread.start() clients[username] = connection except socket.timeout: print 'websocket connection timeout!' if __name__ == '__main__': server = websocket_server(9000) server.start()
测试页面：
<!-- @http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuweisky/p/3930780.html --> <!DOCTYPE html> </html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> </head> <body> <h3>WebSocketTest</h3> <div id="login"> <div> <input id="serverIP" type="text" placeholder="服务器IP" value="127.0.0.1" autofocus="autofocus" /> <input id="serverPort" type="text" placeholder="服务器端口" value="9000" /> <input id="btnConnect" type="button" value="连接" onclick="connect()" /> </div> <div> <input id="sendText" type="text" placeholder="发送文本" value="I'm WebSocket Client!" /> <input id="btnSend" type="button" value="发送" onclick="send()" /> </div> <div> <div> 来自服务端的消息 </div> <textarea id="txtContent" cols="50" rows="10" readonly="readonly"></textarea> </div> </div> </body> <script> var socket; function connect() { var host = "ws://" + $("serverIP").value + ":" + $("serverPort").value + "/" socket = new WebSocket(host); try { socket.onopen = function (msg) { $("btnConnect").disabled = true; alert("连接成功！"); }; socket.onmessage = function (msg) { if (typeof msg.data == "string") { displayContent(msg.data); } else { alert("非文本消息"); } }; socket.onclose = function (msg) { alert("socket closed!") }; } catch (ex) { log(ex); } } function send() { var msg = $("sendText").value socket.send(msg); } window.onbeforeunload = function () { try { socket.close(); socket = null; } catch (ex) { } }; function $(id) { return document.getElementById(id); } Date.prototype.Format = function (fmt) { //author: meizz var o = { "M+": this.getMonth() + 1, //月份 "d+": this.getDate(), //日 "h+": this.getHours(), //小时 "m+": this.getMinutes(), //分 "s+": this.getSeconds(), //秒 "q+": Math.floor((this.getMonth() + 3) / 3), //季度 "S": this.getMilliseconds() //毫秒 }; if (/(y+)/.test(fmt)) fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (this.getFullYear() + "").substr(4 - RegExp.$1.length)); for (var k in o) if (new RegExp("(" + k + ")").test(fmt)) fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (RegExp.$1.length == 1) ? (o[k]) : (("00" + o[k]).substr(("" + o[k]).length))); return fmt; } function displayContent(msg) { $("txtContent").value += "\r\n" +new Date().Format("yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss")+ ": " + msg; } function onkey(event) { if (event.keyCode == 13) { send(); } } </script> </html>
运行效果：
