AngularJS 1.x系列：AngularJS过滤器（4）
1. AngularJS过滤器（Filter）使用方法
AngularJS中过滤器（Filter）主要功能是格式化数据。
AngularJS过滤器使用方法有3种：
◊ 在表达式{{}}中使用
◊ 在指令中使用
◊ 在Controller或Service、Factory、Provider等服务中使用
1.1 表达式中使用过滤器
过滤器使用管道符（|）添加到表达式或指令中。
语法：
{{ expression | filter }}
可以同时使用多个过滤器，多个过滤器之间管道符（|）分隔。
{{ expression | filter1 | filter2 | ... | filterN }}
过滤器可以带参数，参数使用冒号（:）隔开。
{{ expression | filter1:param1 | filter2:param2 | ... | filterN:paramN }}
1.2 指令中使用过滤器
过滤器使用管道符（|）添加到表达式或指令中。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <script src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 600 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <ul ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <li ng-repeat="item in data | orderBy: 'Quantity'"> <span>{{ item.ProductName }}</span> <span>{{ item.Quantity }}</span> </li> </ul> </body> </html>
降序：
<li ng-repeat="item in data | orderBy: 'Quantity' : true">
1.3 在Controller或AngularJS服务中使用过滤器
在Controller、Service、Factory、Provider等服务中使用过滤器方式：依赖注入。
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("MainCtrl", ["$scope", "currencyFilter", function($scope, currencyFilter) { $scope.unitprice = currencyFilter(10000); }]); </script> </head> <body> <div ng-controller="MainCtrl"> {{ unitprice }} </div> </body> </html>
currencyFilter为AngularJS内置过滤器，用于将数字转化为货币形式。
AngularJS提供$filter服务，可以调用所有过滤器。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("MainCtrl", ["$scope", "$filter", function($scope, $filter) { $scope.unitprice = $filter("currency")(10000); $scope.now = $filter("date")(new Date(), "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); }]); </script> </head> <body> <div ng-controller="MainCtrl"> {{ unitprice }} // $10,000.00 {{ now }} // 2017-06-05 23:08:02 </div> </body> </html>
$scope.unitprice = $filter("currency")(10000, "￥"); // ￥10,000.00
$filter("name")根据名称获取对应的过滤器，把数据作为参数传递给过滤器处理。
2. AngularJS内置过滤器
2.1 filter
filter过滤器用来处理数组，过滤包含某个子串的元素，过滤后的元素作为子数组返回。可以是字符串数组或对象数组。
对象数组，则匹配属性的值。可以接收一个参数，用来定义子元素的匹配规则。
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 1000, UnitPrice: 100 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <input type="text" class="form-control" ng-model="keyword" placeholder="请输入查询关键字" /> </div> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | filter: keyword"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 1000, UnitPrice: 100 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | filter: {'ProductName': '数'}"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
2.2 currency
currency货币格式化，默认为$，可以参数设置其他符号及精度。
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 1000, UnitPrice: 100 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <input type="text" class="form-control" ng-model="keyword" placeholder="请输入查询关键字" /> </div> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | filter: keyword"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
设置其他符号：
{{ 1000 | currency: "￥" }} // ￥1,000.00
设置精度：
{{ 1000.75 | currency: "￥": 1 }} // ￥1,000.8
2.3 number
number过滤器用于将数字格式化为文本，可以对数字设置精度。默认保留的小数位数小于或等于3。
{{ 10000 | number }} // 10,000
{{ 3.1415926 | number }} // 3.142
{{ 3.1415926 | number: 2 }} // 3.14
2.4 lowercase & uppercase
lowercase过滤器：将字符串中的大写字母全部转换为小写。
{{ "Hello AngularJS" | lowercase }} // hello angularjs
uppercase过滤器：将字符串中的小写字母全部转换为大写。
{{ "Hello AngularJS" | uppercase }} // HELLO ANGULARJS
2.5 date
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("DateCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.now = new Date(); }]); </script> </head> <body> <div ng-controller="DateCtrl"> <span>{{ now | date }}</span> <span>{{ now | date: "yyyy-MM-dd" }}</span> <span>{{ now | date: "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" }}</span> <span>{{ now | date: "yyyy年MM月dd日" }}</span> </div> </body> </html>
2.5 limitTo
limitTo过滤器：用来截取数组或字符串，参数用来指定截图长度。如果参数是负值，则从尾部开始截取。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 1000, UnitPrice: 100 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | limitTo: 2"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
{{ "Hello" | limitTo: 2 }} // He
2.6 orderBy
orderBy过滤器：用来将一个数组中的元素进行排序，可以设置参数指定排序规则。
参数：字符串，表示按照该属性名进行排序。
参数：数组，表示依次按照数组中的属性进行排序。
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 5000, UnitPrice: 500 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | orderBy: 'Quantity' | limitTo: 2"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
orderBy过滤器默认为升序。
设置降序两种方式：
<tr ng-repeat="item in data | orderBy: 'Quantity': true | limitTo: 2">
<tr ng-repeat="item in data | orderBy: '-Quantity' | limitTo: 2"> // 排序属性前加减号（-）
3. 自定义过滤器
AngularJS自定义过滤器，调用模块实例的filter()方法。
3.1 自定义不带参数过滤器
filter()使用方法：
var app = angular.module("app", []); app.filter("filterName", function() { return function(input) { // 逻辑处理 ... return result; }; });
filter()方法两个参数：
第一个参数：过滤器名称，
第二个参数:过滤器定义方法，必须返回一个用于处理过滤器逻辑的方法。返回的方法可接受一个参数：过滤器的输出数据。
示例:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("MainCtrl", ["$scope", function ($scope) { $scope.amount = 1234.53; }]); app.filter("toRMB", function () { return function (input) { var fraction = ["角", "分"]; var digit = ["零", "壹", "贰", "叁", "肆", "伍", "陆", "柒", "捌", "玖"]; var unit = [["元", "万", "亿"], ["", "拾", "佰", "仟"]]; var result = "整"; for (var i = 0; i < fraction.length; i++) { var t = Math.floor(input * 10 * Math.pow(10, 1)) % 10; result += (digit[Math.floor(input * 10 * Math.pow(10, i)) % 10] + fraction[i]).replace(/零./, ""); } result = result || "整"; input = Math.floor(input); for (var i = 0; i < unit[0].length && input > 0; i++) { var n = ""; for (var j = 0; j < unit[1].length && input > 0; j++) { n = digit[input % 10] + unit[1][j] + n; input = Math.floor(input / 10); } result = n.replace(/(零.)*零$/, "").replace(/^$/, "零") + unit[0][i] + result; } result = result.replace(/(零.)*零元/, "元").replace(/(零.)+/g, "零").replace(/^整$/, "零元整"); return result; }; }); </script> </head> <body> <div ng-controller="MainCtrl"> {{ amount | toRMB }} </div> </body> </html>
注：toRMB数字转大写方法存在Bug，不能完全正确转换。
使用$filter调用自定义过滤器：
app.controller("MainCtrl", ["$scope", "$filter", function ($scope, $filter) {
$scope.amount = $filter("toRMB") (1234.53);
}]);
3.2 自定义带参数的过滤器
语法：
app.filter("filterName", function() {
return function(input, param1, param2, ... ,paramN) {
// 逻辑处理
...
return result;
};
});
其中：param1，param2，...，paramN为过滤器使用时传入的参数。
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", []); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function($scope){ $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 5000, UnitPrice: 500 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); app.filter("greaterThan", function() { return function(input, unitPrice) { var result = []; if(typeof(unitPrice) != "undefined" && unitPrice != "") { angular.forEach(input, function(item) { if(item.UnitPrice > unitPrice) { result.push(item); } }); return result; } return input; }; }); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <div class="row form-inline" style="padding: 5px 15px;"> 单价：<input type="text" class="form-control" ng-model="unitprice" style="width: 200px;" /> </div> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl" style="width: 500px;"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | greaterThan: unitprice"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
4. 第三方过滤器插件
4.1 angular-filter
官网：https://github.com/a8m/angular-filter
npm安装：
npm install angular-filter
示例：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular-filter.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", ["angular.filter"]); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function ($scope) { $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 5000, UnitPrice: 500 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 200 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | first: 1"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
其中，引入插件：
<script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular-filter.min.js"></script>
在自定义模块中添加angular.filter注入：
var app = angular.module("app", ["angular.filter"]);
angular-filter部分过滤器示例：
集合元素
unique：从数组或对象中删除重复项。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html ng-app="app"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/angular-filter.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var app = angular.module("app", ["angular.filter"]); app.controller("ProductCtrl", ["$scope", function ($scope) { $scope.data = [ { ProductName: "家电", Quantity: 5000, UnitPrice: 500 }, { ProductName: "数码", Quantity: 2000, UnitPrice: 300 }, { ProductName: "手机", Quantity: 3000, UnitPrice: 300 } ]; }]); </script> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <table class="table table-bordered table-hover" ng-controller="ProductCtrl"> <thead> <tr> <th class="text-center">商品名称</th> <th class="text-center">数量</th> <th class="text-center">单价</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr ng-repeat="item in data | unique: 'UnitPrice'"> <td>{{ item.ProductName }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.Quantity }}</td> <td class="text-center">{{ item.UnitPrice | currency }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </body> </html>
