ASP.NET MVC 4 Optimization的JS/CSS文件动态合并及压缩

  JS/CSS文件的打包合并(Bundling)及压缩(Minification)是指将多个JS或CSS文件打包合并成一个文件,并在网站发布之后进行压缩,从而减少HTTP请求次数,提高网络加载速度和页面解析速度。压缩功能实现了对javascript脚本和CSS进行压缩的功能,它能够去除脚本或样式中不必要的空白和注释,同时能够优化脚本变量名的长度

  在ASP.NET MVC 4中JS/CSS文件动态合并及压缩通过调用System.Web.Optimization定义的类ScriptBundle及StyleBundle来实现。

  1. 新建ASP.NET MVC 4空项目,引用System.Web.Optimization

  1>、新建ASP.NET MVC 4空项目:

  2>、引用System.Web.Optimization

  通过NuGet添加对System.Web.Optimization的引用:

  2. ASP.NET MVC 4项目使用System.Web.Optimization

  1>、BundleConfig.cs

  在类文件BundleConfig.cs中配置需要捆绑的JS及CSS文件。

using System.Web;
using System.Web.Optimization;

namespace MvcExample
{
    public class BundleConfig
    {
        // For more information on Bundling, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=254725
        public static void RegisterBundles(BundleCollection bundles)
        {
            bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/jquery").Include(
                        "~/Scripts/jquery-{version}.js"));

            bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/Content/css").Include("~/Content/site.css"));
        }
    }
}

  2>、_Layout.cshtml

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
    @Styles.Render("~/Content/css")
    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery")
    @RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
</head>
<body>
    @RenderBody()
</body>
</html>

  3>、Global.asax

  在中添加代码:

BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace MvcExample
{
    // Note: For instructions on enabling IIS6 or IIS7 classic mode, 
    // visit http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }
    }
}

  4>、Web.config

  在根目录及Views文件夹下的Web.config中添加命名空间引用:

<add namespace="System.Web.Optimization"/>

  3. ASP.NET MVC 4项目JS/CSS打包压缩效果

  1>、查看加载原始JS/CSS效果

  完成上面的项目代码之后,运行查看源文件:

  2>、查看捆绑压缩JS/CSS效果

  修改根目录下Web.config ,将debug设置为false。

<compilation debug="false" targetFramework="4.0" />

  在Firebug中查看css文件压缩后的加载内容,可以看出原始css文件中的注释及空白换行均被删除。

  启用JS/CSS文件压缩合并,除了可以在Web.config中配置,也可以在BundleConfig.cs或Global.asax中添加代码:

BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;

  BundleConfig.cs

using System.Web;
using System.Web.Optimization;

namespace MvcExample
{
    public class BundleConfig
    {
        // For more information on Bundling, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=254725
        public static void RegisterBundles(BundleCollection bundles)
        {
            bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/jquery").Include(
                        "~/Scripts/jquery-{version}.js"));

            bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/Content/css").Include("~/Content/site.css"));

            BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;
        }
    }
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace MvcExample
{
    // Note: For instructions on enabling IIS6 or IIS7 classic mode, 
    // visit http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
            BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;
        }
    }
}

  4. 参考资料

  http://www.asp.net/mvc/tutorials/mvc-4/bundling-and-minification

posted @ 2013-12-22 19:03  libingql  阅读(3852)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报