在C#中调用API获取网络信息和流量
最近一项目中要求显示网络流量，而且必须使用C#。事实上，调用 IpHlpApi.dll 的 GetIfTable API 可以轻易获得网络信息和网络流量。只是要在C#中实现还是比较复杂。
最近一项目中要求显示网络流量，而且必须使用C#。
事实上，调用 IpHlpApi.dll 的 GetIfTable API 可以轻易获得网络信息和网络流量。只是要在C#中实现还是比较复杂。
先看看怎么定义该 API
[DllImport("IpHlpApi.dll")] extern static public uint GetIfTable(byte[] pIfTable, ref uint pdwSize, bool bOrder);本来想把 pIfTable 定义为 IntPtr，但是这样的结果是，获取的信息是错误的（直到现在都不知是什么原因）。
但显然定义为 byte[] 是不能直接使用的。幸好在 Google Code Search 找到了三个类：
CustomtMarshaler.csusing System;using System.IO;using System.Collections;using System.Reflection;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;using System.Threading;namespace Lemony.SystemInfo
{
/**//// <summary> /// CustomMarshaler class implementation.
/// </summary> public abstract class CustomMarshaler { Fields#region Fields // The internal buffer internal byte[] data; private MemoryStream stream; private BinaryReader binReader; private BinaryWriter binWriter; #endregion constructors#region constructors public CustomMarshaler() { } #endregion public methods#region public methods public void Deserialize() { if (data != null) { if (binReader != null) { binReader.Close(); stream.Close(); } // Create a steam from byte array stream = new MemoryStream(data); binReader = new BinaryReader(stream, System.Text.Encoding.Unicode); ReadFromStream(binReader); binReader.Close(); } } public void Serialize() { if (data != null) { stream = new MemoryStream(data); binWriter = new BinaryWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.Unicode); WriteToStream(binWriter); binWriter.Close(); } } public int GetSize() { int size = 0; FieldInfo[] fields = this.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance); foreach (FieldInfo field in fields ) { if (field.FieldType.IsArray) { size += GetFieldSize(field); } else if (field.FieldType == typeof(string)) { size += GetFieldSize(field)*2; } else if (field.FieldType.IsPrimitive) { size += Marshal.SizeOf(field.FieldType); } } return size; } #endregion properties#region properties public byte[] ByteArray { get { return data; } } #endregion virtual and protected methods#region virtual and protected methods public virtual void ReadFromStream(BinaryReader reader) { object[] param = null; // Get all public fields FieldInfo[] fields = this.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance); // Loop through the fields foreach(FieldInfo field in fields) { // Retrieve the read method from ReadMethods hashtable MethodInfo method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.ReadMethods[field.FieldType]; if (field.FieldType.IsArray) { Type element = field.FieldType.GetElementType(); if (element.IsValueType && element.IsPrimitive) { if ((element == typeof(char)) || element == typeof(byte)) { param = new object[1]; param[0] = GetFieldSize(field); field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(reader, param)); } else // any other value type array { param = new object[2]; param[0] = reader; param[1] = GetFieldSize(field); field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(null, param)); } } else // array of sub structures { int size = GetFieldSize(field); method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.ReadMethods[typeof(CustomMarshaler)]; Array objArray = Array.CreateInstance(element, size); for(int i=0;i<size;i++) { objArray.SetValue(Activator.CreateInstance(element), i); method.Invoke(objArray.GetValue(i), new object[]{reader}); } field.SetValue(this, objArray); } } else if (field.FieldType == typeof(string)) { param = new object[2]; param[0] = reader; param[1] = GetFieldSize(field); field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(null, param)); } else if (field.FieldType.IsValueType && field.FieldType.IsPrimitive)// regular value type { field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(reader, null)); } else //process substructure { CustomMarshaler subStruct = (CustomMarshaler)Activator.CreateInstance(field.FieldType); subStruct.ReadFromStream(reader); } } } public virtual void WriteToStream(BinaryWriter writer) { object[] param = null; FieldInfo[] fields = this.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance); foreach(FieldInfo field in fields) { // Check if we have any value object value = field.GetValue(this); MethodInfo method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.WriteMethods[field.FieldType]; if (field.FieldType.IsArray) { Type element = field.FieldType.GetElementType(); if (element.IsValueType && element.IsPrimitive) { //method.Invoke(writer, new object[] {value}); Array arrObject = (Array)field.GetValue(this); param = new object[2]; param[0] = writer; param[1] = arrObject; method.Invoke(null, param); } else { //Get field size int size = GetFieldSize(field); //Get WriteToStream method method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.WriteMethods[typeof(CustomMarshaler)]; Array arrObject = (Array)field.GetValue(this); for(int i=0;i<size;i++) { method.Invoke(arrObject.GetValue(i), new object[]{writer}); } } } else if (field.FieldType == typeof(string)) { param = new object[3]; param[0] = writer; param[1] = field.GetValue(this); param[2] = GetFieldSize(field); method.Invoke(null, param); } else if (field.FieldType.IsValueType && field.FieldType.IsPrimitive)// regular value type { method.Invoke(writer, new object[] {value}); } } } protected int GetFieldSize(FieldInfo field) { int size = 0; CustomMarshalAsAttribute attrib = (CustomMarshalAsAttribute)field.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(CustomMarshalAsAttribute), true)[0]; if (attrib != null) { if (attrib.SizeField != null) { FieldInfo sizeField = this.GetType().GetField(attrib.SizeField); size = (int)sizeField.GetValue(this); } else { size = attrib.SizeConst; } } return size; } #endregion helper methods#region helper methods private static bool CompareByteArrays (byte[] data1, byte[] data2) { // If both are null, they're equal if (data1==null && data2==null) { return true; } // If either but not both are null, they're not equal if (data1==null || data2==null) { return false; } if (data1.Length != data2.Length) { return false; } for (int i=0; i < data1.Length; i++) { if (data1[i] != data2[i]) { return false; } } return true; } #endregion } MarshallingMethods class#region MarshallingMethods class /**//// <summary> /// MarshallingMethods class implementation. /// </summary> public class MarshallingMethods { public static Hashtable ReadMethods = new Hashtable(); public static Hashtable WriteMethods = new Hashtable(); constructors#region constructors static MarshallingMethods() { // Read Methods ReadMethods.Add(typeof(bool), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadBoolean")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(byte), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadByte")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.SByte), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadSByte")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Single), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadSingle")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(byte[]), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadBytes")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(char[]), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadChars")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int16), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadInt16")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int32), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadInt32")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt16), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadUInt16")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt32), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadUInt32")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.String), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadString")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.DateTime), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadDateTime")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int16[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadInt16Array")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int32[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadInt32Array")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt16[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadUInt16Array")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt32[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadUInt32Array")); ReadMethods.Add(typeof(CustomMarshaler), typeof(CustomMarshaler).GetMethod("ReadFromStream")); //Write Methods WriteMethods.Add(typeof(bool), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(bool)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(byte), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(byte)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.SByte), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.SByte)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.Single), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.Single)})); //WriteMethods.Add(typeof(byte[]), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(byte[])})); //WriteMethods.Add(typeof(char[]), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(char[])})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int16), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.Int16)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int32), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.Int32)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt16), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.UInt16)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt32), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.UInt32)})); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.String), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteString")); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(CustomMarshaler), typeof(CustomMarshaler).GetMethod("WriteToStream")); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(bool[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(bool[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(char[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(char[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(short[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(short[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(ushort[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(ushort[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(int[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(int[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(uint[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(uint[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(long[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(long[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(ulong[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(ulong[]) })); WriteMethods.Add(typeof(float[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(float[]) })); } #endregion static helper methods#region static helper methods public static short[] ReadInt16Array(BinaryReader reader, int count) { short[] result = new short[count]; for(int i=0;i<count;i++) { result[i] = reader.ReadInt16(); } return result; } public static int[] ReadInt32Array(BinaryReader reader, int count) { int[] result = new int[count]; for(int i=0;i<count;i++) { result[i] = reader.ReadInt32(); } return result; } public static ushort[] ReadUInt16Array(BinaryReader reader, int count) { ushort[] result = new ushort[count]; for(int i=0;i<count;i++) { result[i] = reader.ReadUInt16(); } return result; } public static uint[] ReadUInt32Array(BinaryReader reader, int count) { uint[] result = new uint[count]; for(int i=0;i<count;i++) { result[i] = reader.ReadUInt32(); } return result; } public static string ReadString(BinaryReader reader, int count) { string result = ""; if (count == 0) { count = 255; //default } char[] data = reader.ReadChars(count); result = new string(data).TrimEnd('\0'); return result; } public static void WriteString(BinaryWriter writer, string value, int size) { if (value!=null) { byte[] bstring = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(value.Substring(0, size)); writer.Write(bstring); } } public static DateTime ReadDateTime(BinaryReader reader) { return DateTime.FromFileTime(reader.ReadInt64()); } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, bool[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, char[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, byte[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, short[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, ushort[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, int[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, uint[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, long[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, ulong[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, float[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { writer.Write(arr[i]); } } public static void WriteSerializers(BinaryWriter writer, CustomMarshaler[] arr) { for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) { arr[i].WriteToStream(writer); } } #endregion } #endregion CustomMarshalAsAttribute#region CustomMarshalAsAttribute /**//// <summary> /// CustomMarshalAsAttribute implementaion. /// </summary> public sealed class CustomMarshalAsAttribute : Attribute { public int SizeConst = 0; public string SizeField = null; } #endregion
}MIB_IFROW.csusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;namespace Lemony.SystemInfo{ public class MIB_IFROW : CustomMarshaler { [CustomMarshalAs(SizeConst = MAX_INTERFACE_NAME_LEN)] public string wszName; public uint dwIndex; // index of the interface public uint dwType; // type of interface public uint dwMtu; // max transmission unit public uint dwSpeed; // speed of the interface public uint dwPhysAddrLen; // length of physical address [CustomMarshalAs(SizeConst = MAXLEN_PHYSADDR)] public byte[] bPhysAddr; // physical address of adapter public uint dwAdminStatus; // administrative status public uint dwOperStatus; // operational status public uint dwLastChange; // last time operational status changed public uint dwInOctets; // octets received public uint dwInUcastPkts; // unicast packets received public uint dwInNUcastPkts; // non-unicast packets received public uint dwInDiscards; // received packets discarded public uint dwInErrors; // erroneous packets received public uint dwInUnknownProtos; // unknown protocol packets received public uint dwOutOctets; // octets sent public uint dwOutUcastPkts; // unicast packets sent public uint dwOutNUcastPkts; // non-unicast packets sent public uint dwOutDiscards; // outgoing packets discarded public uint dwOutErrors; // erroneous packets sent public uint dwOutQLen; // output queue length public uint dwDescrLen; // length of bDescr member [CustomMarshalAs(SizeConst = MAXLEN_IFDESCR)] public byte[] bDescr; // interface description private const int MAX_INTERFACE_NAME_LEN = 256; private const int MAXLEN_PHYSADDR = 8; private const int MAXLEN_IFDESCR = 256; private const int MAX_ADAPTER_NAME = 128; }}MIB_IFTABLE.csusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;namespace Lemony.SystemInfo{ /**//// <summary> /// IFTable /// </summary> public class MIB_IFTABLE : CustomMarshaler { public int dwNumEntries; [CustomMarshalAs(SizeField = "dwNumEntries")] public MIB_IFROW[] Table; public MIB_IFTABLE() { this.data = new byte[this.GetSize()]; } public MIB_IFTABLE(int size) { this.data = new byte[size]; } }}再定义一个 NetInfo 类，存储网络信息
NetInfo.csusing System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;namespace Lemony.SystemInfo{ /**//// <summary> /// 网络类型 /// </summary> public enum NetType { Other = 1, Ethernet = 6, Tokenring = 9, FDDI = 15, PPP = 23, Loopback = 24, Slip = 28 }; /**//// <summary> /// 网络状态 /// </summary> public enum NetState { NotOperational = 0, Operational = 1, Disconnected = 2, Connecting = 3, Connected = 4, Unreachable = 5 }; /**//// <summary> /// 网络信息类 /// </summary> public class NetInfo { public NetInfo() { } private string m_Name; /**//// <summary> /// 名称 /// </summary> public string Name { get { return m_Name; } set { m_Name = value; } } private uint m_Index; /**//// <summary> /// 有效编号 /// </summary> public uint Index { get { return m_Index; } set { m_Index = value; } } private NetType m_Type; /**//// <summary> /// 类型 /// </summary> public NetType Type { get { return m_Type; } set { m_Type = value; } } private uint m_Speed; /**//// <summary> /// 速度 /// </summary> public uint Speed { get { return m_Speed; } set { m_Speed = value; } } private uint m_InOctets; /**//// <summary> /// 总接收字节数 /// </summary> public uint InOctets { get { return m_InOctets; } set { m_InOctets = value; } } private uint m_OutOctets; /**//// <summary> /// 总发送字节数 /// </summary> public uint OutOctets { get { return m_OutOctets; } set { m_OutOctets = value; } } private NetState m_Status; /**//// <summary> /// 操作状态 /// </summary> public NetState Status { get { return m_Status; } set { m_Status = value; } } private uint m_InErrors; /**//// <summary> /// 总错收字节数 /// </summary> public uint InErrors { get { return m_InErrors; } set { m_InErrors = value; } } private uint m_OutErrors; /**//// <summary> /// 总错发字节数 /// </summary> public uint OutErrors { get { return m_OutErrors; } set { m_OutErrors = value; } } private uint m_InUnknownProtos; /**//// <summary> /// 未知协议共收字节数 /// </summary> public uint InUnknownProtos { get { return m_InUnknownProtos; } set { m_InUnknownProtos = value; } } private string m_PhysAddr; /**//// <summary> /// 物理地址 /// </summary> public string PhysAddr { get { return m_PhysAddr; } set { m_PhysAddr = value; } } }}OK，现在可以获取网络信息了
/**//// <summary> /// Get IFTable /// </summary> /// <returns>MIB_IFTABLE Class</returns> private static MIB_IFTABLE GetAllIfTable() { //缓冲区大小 uint dwSize = 0; //获取缓冲区大小 uint ret = GetIfTable(null, ref dwSize, false); if (ret == 50) { //此函数仅支持于 win98/nt 系统 return null; } //定义，获取 MIB_IFTABLE 对象 MIB_IFTABLE tbl = new MIB_IFTABLE((int)dwSize); ret = GetIfTable(tbl.ByteArray, ref dwSize, false); //如果不成功 if (ret != 0) { return null; } return tbl; } /**//// <summary> /// Get NetInfo Class /// </summary> /// <param name="row">MIB_IFROW Class</param> /// <returns>NetInfo Class</returns> private static NetInfo GetNetInfo(MIB_IFROW row) { NetInfo ninfo = new NetInfo(); ninfo.Index = row.dwIndex; ninfo.Name = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(row.bDescr, 0, (int)row.dwDescrLen); ninfo.PhysAddr = GetPhysAddr(row.bPhysAddr, (int)row.dwPhysAddrLen); ninfo.Type = (NetType)row.dwType; ninfo.Status = (NetState)row.dwOperStatus; ninfo.Speed = row.dwSpeed; ninfo.InErrors = row.dwInErrors; ninfo.InOctets = row.dwInOctets; ninfo.InUnknownProtos = row.dwInUnknownProtos; ninfo.OutErrors = row.dwOutErrors; ninfo.OutOctets = row.dwOutOctets; return ninfo; }/**//// <summary> /// 获取所有的网络信息 /// </summary> /// <returns>NetInfo 网络信息范型</returns> public static List<NetInfo> GetAllNetInfo() { //定义范型 List<NetInfo> ninfos = new List<NetInfo>(); //定义，获取 MIB_IFTABLE 对象 MIB_IFTABLE tbl = GetAllIfTable(); //如果成功 if (tbl != null) { tbl.Deserialize(); for (int i = 0; i < tbl.Table.Length; i++) { ninfos.Add(GetNetInfo(tbl.Table[i])); } } return ninfos; }PS：事实上，我把获取网络、CPU、内存、磁盘、进程信息等功能封装起来，并做了一个比较完善的 Windows 任务管理器，整理完后发布源码。
