windows平台的内存泄漏检查

c:

 1 #define _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <crtdbg.h>
 4 //以上的顺序必须严格如此
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     int *p;
 8     _CrtSetDbgFlag ( _CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF ); //程序结束时自动调用_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks()
 9     
10     p = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int));
11 
12     //_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();   设置了前面的flag，就不需要再在程序出口调用此函数
13     return 0;
14 }
15 

结果：

 Detected memory leaks!
2 Dumping objects ->
3 d:\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\memory leak check\test\main.c(10) : {60} normal block at 0x004F4A10, 4 bytes long.
4  Data: <    > CD CD CD CD 
5 Object dump complete.

c++:

 

 1 #define _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <crtdbg.h>
 4 
 5 //覆盖掉默认的new操作符
 6 #define DEBUG_NEW new(_NORMAL_BLOCK, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 7 #define new DEBUG_NEW
 8 
 9 int main() {
10     int *p;
11     _CrtSetDbgFlag ( _CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF );
12     p = new int[4];
13 
14     //_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();   
15     return 0;
16 }
17 

结果：

 Detected memory leaks!
2 Dumping objects ->
3 d:\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\memory leak check\test\main.cpp(13) : {60} normal block at 0x00504A10, 16 bytes long.
4  Data: <                > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
5 Object dump complete.

mfc:

 #ifdef _DEBUG
2 #define new DEBUG_NEW
3 #endif

程序结束时在Output即输出内存泄漏信息。

如果需要检测某一段内存：

 1 #ifdef _DEBUG
 2 CMemoryState oldMemState, newMemState, diffMemState; //内存快照
 3 #endif
 4 
 5 #ifdef _DEBUG
 6     oldMemState.Checkpoint();
 7 #endif
 8 
 9 // memory operations
10 
11 #ifdef _DEBUG
12     newMemState.Checkpoint();
13     if( diffMemState.Difference( oldMemState, newMemState ) )
14     {
15         TRACE( "Memory leaked!\n" );
16         diffMemState.DumpStatistics();
17         diffMemState.DumpAllObjectsSince();
18     }
19 #endif

 

 

参考：

1. 这篇帖子解决在c++中如何显示行号，即覆盖原new操作符

 http://www.gamedev.net/community/forums/topic.asp?topic_id=484434

2. MSDN: Memory Leak Detection Enabling

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/e5ewb1h3%28VS.80%29.aspx 

3. MSDN: _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/10t349zs.aspx 

4. codeguru: Visual C++ Debugging: How to manage memory leaks?

http://www.codeguru.com/forum/showthread.php?t=312742 

5. MSDN: MFC Debugging Techniques

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/7sx52ww7%28VS.80%29.aspx 

5.1. MSDN: Memory Leak Detection in MFC

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/c99kz476%28VS.80%29.aspx 

5.1.1. MSDN:  Memory Allocation Tracking

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/kxx6e7z6%28VS.80%29.aspx