elasticsearch的mapping
PUT /website/article/1
{
"post_date": "2017-01-01",
"title": "my first article",
"content": "this is my first article in this website",
"author_id": 11400
}
执行上面的语句,es会创建type对应的mapping,mapping中包含了每个field对应的数据类型。
GET /website/_mapping/article
响应:
{
"website": {
"mappings": {
"article": {
"properties": {
"author_id": {
"type": "long"
},
"content": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
},
"post_date": {
"type": "date"
},
"title": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
1、exact value
2017-01-01,exact value,搜索的时候,必须输入2017-01-01,才能搜索出来
如果你输入一个01,是搜索不出来的
2、full text 全文检索
(1)缩写 vs. 全程:cn vs. china
(2)格式转化:like liked likes
(3)大小写:Tom vs tom
(4)同义词:like vs love
china,搜索cn,也可以将china搜索出来
likes,搜索like,也可以将likes搜索出来
Tom,搜索tom,也可以将Tom搜索出来
like,搜索love,同义词,也可以将like搜索出来
就不是说单纯的只是匹配完整的一个值,而是可以对值进行拆分词语后(分词)进行匹配,也可以通过缩写、时态、大小写、同义词等进行匹配。
3、数据类型
1、核心的数据类型
string
byte,short,integer,long
float,double
boolean
date
2、dynamic mapping
true or false --> boolean
123 --> long
123.45 --> double
2017-01-01 --> date
"hello world" --> string/text
3、查看mapping
GET /index/_mapping/type
4、如何建立索引
1、如何建立索引
analyzed
not_analyzed
no
2、修改mapping
只能创建index时手动建立mapping,或者新增field mapping,但是不能update field mapping
PUT /website
{
"mappings": {
"article": {
"properties": {
"author_id": {
"type": "long"
},
"title": {
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "english"
},
"content": {
"type": "text"
},
"post_date": {
"type": "date"
},
"publisher_id": {
"type": "text",
"index": "not_analyzed" //not_analyzed
}
}
}
}
}
不能update field mapping
PUT /website
{
"mappings": {
"article": {
"properties": {
"author_id": {
"type": "text"
}
}
}
}
}
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "index_already_exists_exception",
"reason": "index [website/co1dgJ-uTYGBEEOOL8GsQQ] already exists",
"index_uuid": "co1dgJ-uTYGBEEOOL8GsQQ",
"index": "website"
}
],
"type": "index_already_exists_exception",
"reason": "index [website/co1dgJ-uTYGBEEOOL8GsQQ] already exists",
"index_uuid": "co1dgJ-uTYGBEEOOL8GsQQ",
"index": "website"
},
"status": 400
}
//建立一个新的field并指定mapping
PUT /website/_mapping/article
{
"properties" : {
"new_field" : {
"type" : "string",
"index": "not_analyzed"
}
}
}
3、测试mapping
GET /website/_analyze
{
"field": "content",
"text": "my-dogs"
}
GET website/_analyze
{
"field": "new_field",
"text": "my dogs"
}
//下面报错是因为new_field不允许分词
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "remote_transport_exception",
"reason": "[4onsTYV][127.0.0.1:9300][indices:admin/analyze[s]]"
}
],
"type": "illegal_argument_exception",
"reason": "Can't process field [new_field], Analysis requests are only supported on tokenized fields"
},
"status": 400
}
作者:Kero小柯
出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/kesimin/
本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但必需注明出处,并且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接。