代码改变世界

ORA-06502:PL/SQL :numberic or value error: character string buffer too small

2014-06-19 14:57  潇湘隐者  阅读(57645)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报

今天遇到一个错误提示：ORA-06502:PL/SQL :numberic or value error: character string buffer too small，一般对应的中文信息为：ORA-06502: PL/SQL: 数字或值错误 :字符串缓冲区太小。仔细检查调试过程中才发现是开发人员定义了一个变量，但是在脚本里面赋予了该变量超过其长度的值。结果就报这个错误。我习惯总结每一个遇到的错误信息，既有利于学习、总结知识，也方便以后遇到此类问题能够及时给出解决方法。

 

如果执行oerr ora 06502命令，没有提及详细原因(Cause)以及解决方法（Action）。这个估计是出现这类错误的场景太多了的缘故。

$ oerr ora 06502

06502, 00000, "PL/SQL: numeric or value error%s"

// *Cause:

// *Action:

在官方文档http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/appdev.112/e25519/datatypes.htm，我看到了关于ORA-06502的错误的一些出现场景。非常有意思。有兴趣的最好直接阅读源文档。

1: 赋值或插入超过长度的值。

Assigning or Inserting Too-Long Values

If the value that you assign to a character variable is longer than the maximum size of the variable, an error occurs. For example: 

   1: DECLARE
   2:  
   3: c VARCHAR2(3 CHAR);
   4:  
   5: BEGIN
   6:  
   7: c := 'abc ';
   8:  
   9: END;
  10:  
  11: /
  12:  
  13: Result:
  14:  
  15: DECLARE
  16:  
  17: *
  18:  
  19: ERROR at line 1:
  20:  
  21: ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character string buffer too small
  22:  
  23: ORA-06512: at line 4
  24: 

2: 违反了SIMPLE_INTEGER Subtype约束

PLS_INTEGER and its subtypes can be implicitly converted to these data types:

·

· CHAR

·

· VARCHAR2

·

· NUMBER

·

· LONG

All of the preceding data types except LONG, and all PLS_INTEGER subtypes, can be implicitly converted to PLS_INTEGER.

A PLS_INTEGER value can be implicitly converted to a PLS_INTEGER subtype only if the value does not violate a constraint of the subtype. For example, casting the PLS_INTEGER value NULL to the SIMPLE_INTEGER subtype raises an exception, as Example 3-5 shows.

Example 3-5 Violating Constraint of SIMPLE_INTEGER Subtype 

   1: DECLARE
   2:  
   3: a SIMPLE_INTEGER := 1;
   4:  
   5: b PLS_INTEGER := NULL;
   6:  
   7: BEGIN
   8:  
   9: a := b;
  10:  
  11: END;
  12:  
  13: /
  14:  
  15: Result:
  16:  
  17: DECLARE
  18:  
  19: *
  20:  
  21: ERROR at line 1:
  22:  
  23: ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error
  24:  
  25: ORA-06512: at line 5
  26: 

3: User-Defined Constrained Subtype Detects Out-of-Range Values

Example 3-7 User-Defined Constrained Subtype Detects Out-of-Range Values 

   1: DECLARE
   2:  
   3: SUBTYPE Balance IS NUMBER(8,2);
   4:  
   5: checking_account Balance;
   6:  
   7: savings_account Balance;
   8:  
   9: BEGIN
  10:  
  11: checking_account := 2000.00;
  12:  
  13: savings_account := 1000000.00;
  14:  
  15: END;
  16:  
  17: /
  18:  
  19: Result:
  20:  
  21: DECLARE
  22:  
  23: *
  24:  
  25: ERROR at line 1:
  26:  
  27: ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: number precision too large
  28:  
  29: ORA-06512: at line 9
  30: 

4: Implicit Conversion Between Constrained Subtypes with Same Base Type

A constrained subtype can be implicitly converted to its base type, but the base type can be implicitly converted to the constrained subtype only if the value does not violate a constraint of the subtype (see Example 3-5).

A constrained subtype can be implicitly converted to another constrained subtype with the same base type only if the source value does not violate a constraint of the target subtype.

Example 3-8 Implicit Conversion Between Constrained Subtypes with Same Base Type 

   1: DECLARE
   2:  
   3: SUBTYPE Digit IS PLS_INTEGER RANGE 0..9;
   4:  
   5: SUBTYPE Double_digit IS PLS_INTEGER RANGE 10..99;
   6:  
   7: SUBTYPE Under_100 IS PLS_INTEGER RANGE 0..99;
   8:  
   9: d Digit := 4;
  10:  
  11: dd Double_digit := 35;
  12:  
  13: u Under_100;
  14:  
  15: BEGIN
  16:  
  17: u := d; -- Succeeds; Under_100 range includes Digit range
  18:  
  19: u := dd; -- Succeeds; Under_100 range includes Double_digit range
  20:  
  21: dd := d; -- Raises error; Double_digit range does not include Digit range
  22:  
  23: END;
  24:  
  25: /
  26:  
  27: Result:
  28:  
  29: DECLARE
  30:  
  31: *
  32:  
  33: ERROR at line 1:
  34:  
  35: ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error
  36:  
  37: ORA-06512: at line 12
  38: 

5: Implicit Conversion Between Subtypes with Base Types in Same Family

Example 3-9 Implicit Conversion Between Subtypes with Base Types in Same Family 

   1: DECLARE
   2:  
   3: SUBTYPE Word IS CHAR(6);
   4:  
   5: SUBTYPE Text IS VARCHAR2(15);
   6:  
   7: verb Word := 'run';
   8:  
   9: sentence1 Text;
  10:  
  11: sentence2 Text := 'Hurry!';
  12:  
  13: sentence3 Text := 'See Tom run.';
  14:  
  15: BEGIN
  16:  
  17: sentence1 := verb; -- 3-character value, 15-character limit
  18:  
  19: verb := sentence2; -- 5-character value, 6-character limit
  20:  
  21: verb := sentence3; -- 12-character value, 6-character limit
  22:  
  23: END;
  24:  
  25: /
  26:  
  27: Result:
  28:  
  29: DECLARE
  30:  
  31: *
  32:  
  33: ERROR at line 1:
  34:  
  35: ORA-06502: PL/SQL: numeric or value error: character string buffer too small
  36:  
  37: ORA-06512: at line 13
  38:  
  39:  
  40: