用PyRestful快速构建Tornado下REST APIs 的支持
一、安装PyRestful库
$ pip install pyrestful
二、使用案例
（一）books_service.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import tornado.ioloop import pyrestful.rest from pyrestful import mediatypes from pyrestful.rest import get, post, put, delete class Book(object): isbn = int title = str class BookResource(pyrestful.rest.RestHandler): @get(_path="/books/json/{isbn}", _types=[int], _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def getBookJSON(self, isbn): book = Book() book.isbn = isbn book.title = "My book for isbn "+str(isbn) return book @get(_path="/books/xml/{isbn}", _types=[int], _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_XML) def getBookXML(self, isbn): book = Book() book.isbn = isbn book.title = "My book for isbn "+str(isbn) return book @post(_path="/books/xml",_types=[Book],_consumes=mediatypes.APPLICATION_XML, _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_XML) def postBookXML(self, book): """ this is an echo...returns the same xml document """ return book @post(_path="/books/json",_types=[Book],_consumes=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON, _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def postBookJSON(self, book): """ this is an echo...returns the same json document """ return book @post(_path="/books",_types=[Book]) def postBook(self, book): """ this is an echo, returns json or xml depending of request content-type """ return book if __name__ == '__main__': try: print("Start the service") app = pyrestful.rest.RestService([BookResource]) app.listen(8080) tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start() except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\nStop the service")
（二）create_customer.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import json import sys if sys.version_info > (3,): raw_input = input import http.client as httplib import urllib.parse as urllib else: import httplib import urllib print('Create customer') print('===============') name_customer = raw_input('Customer Name : ') address_customer = raw_input('Customer Address : ') if len(name_customer) == 0 and len(address_customer) == 0: print('You must indicates name and address of customer') else: params = urllib.urlencode({'name_customer':name_customer,'address_customer':address_customer}) headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"} conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost:8080") conn.request('POST','/customer',params,headers) resp = conn.getresponse() data = resp.read() if resp.status == 200: json_data = json.loads(data.decode('utf-8')) print(json_data) else: print(data)
（三）customer_service.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import tornado.ioloop import pyrestful.rest from pyrestful import mediatypes from pyrestful.rest import get, post, put, delete class Customer(object): id_customer = int name_customer = str address_customer = str def __init__(self,id_customer=0, name_customer=None, address_customer=None): self.id_customer = id_customer self.name_customer = name_customer self.address_customer = address_customer # Setters def setId_Customer(self,id_customer): self.id_customer = id_customer def setName_Customer(self,name_customer): self.name_customer = name_customer def setAddress_Customer(self,address_customer): self.address_customer = address_customer # Getters def getId_Customer(self): return self.id_customer def getName_Customer(self): return self.name_customer def getAddress_Customer(self): return self.address_customer class CustomerDataBase(object): customerDB = dict() id_seq = 1 def insert(self, name_customer, address_customer): sequence = self.id_seq customer = Customer(sequence, str(name_customer), str(address_customer)) self.customerDB[sequence] = customer self.id_seq += 1 return sequence def update(self,id_customer, name_customer, address_customer): if self.exists(id_customer): customer = self.customerDB[id_customer] customer.setName_Customer(str(name_customer)) customer.setAddress_Customer(str(address_customer)) self.customerDB[id_customer] = customer return True else: return False def delete(self,id_customer): if self.exists(id_customer): del self.customerDB[id_customer] return True else: return False def find(self,id_customer): if self.exists(id_customer): return self.customerDB[id_customer] else: return None def exists(self,id_customer): if id_customer in self.customerDB: return True else: return False def all(self): return self.customerDB class CustomerResource(pyrestful.rest.RestHandler): def initialize(self, database): self.database = database @get(_path="/customer", _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def getListCustomer(self): customers = self.database.all() response = dict() for k in customers.keys(): cust = dict() cust['id_customer'] = customers[k].getId_Customer() cust['name_customer'] = customers[k].getName_Customer() cust['address_customer'] = customers[k].getAddress_Customer() response[k] = { k : cust } return response @get(_path="/customer/{id_customer}", _types=[int], _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def getCustomer(self, id_customer): if not self.database.exists(id_customer): self.gen_http_error(404,"Error 404 : do not exists the customer : %d"%id_customer) return customer = self.database.find(id_customer) response = dict() response['id_customer'] = customer.getId_Customer() response['name_customer'] = customer.getName_Customer() response['address_customer'] = customer.getAddress_Customer() print(response) return response @post(_path="/customer", _types=[str,str], _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def createCustomer(self, name_customer, address_customer): id_customer = self.database.insert(name_customer, address_customer) return {"created_customer_id": id_customer} @put(_path="/customer/{id_customer}", _types=[int,str,str], _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def updateCustomer(self, id_customer, name_customer, address_customer): if not self.database.exists(id_customer): self.gen_http_error(404,"Error 404 : do not exists the customer : %d"%id_customer) return updated = self.database.update(id_customer,name_customer,address_customer) return {"updated_customer_id": id_customer, "success":updated} @delete(_path="/customer/{id_customer}", _types=[int], _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def deleteCustomer(self,id_customer): if not self.database.exists(id_customer): self.gen_http_error(404,"Error 404 : do not exists the customer : %d"%id_customer) return deleted = self.database.delete(id_customer) return {"delete_customer_id": id_customer, "success":deleted} if __name__ == '__main__': try: print("Start the service") database = CustomerDataBase() app = pyrestful.rest.RestService([CustomerResource], dict(database=database)) app.listen(8080) tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start() except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\nStop the service")
（四）delete_customer.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import json import sys if sys.version_info > (3,): raw_input = input import http.client as httplib import urllib.parse as urllib else: import httplib import urllib print('Delete customer') print('===============') id_customer = raw_input('Id Customer : ') if len(id_customer) == 0: print('You must indicates id of customer') else: conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost:8080") conn.request('DELETE','/customer/%s'%id_customer) resp = conn.getresponse() data = resp.read() if resp.status == 200: json_data = json.loads(data.decode('utf-8')) print(json_data) else: print(data.decode('utf-8'))
（五）echo_service.py
import tornado.ioloop import pyrestful.rest from pyrestful import mediatypes from pyrestful.rest import get class EchoService(pyrestful.rest.RestHandler): @get(_path="/echo/{name}", _produces=mediatypes.APPLICATION_JSON) def sayHello(self, name): return {"Hello":name} if __name__ == '__main__': try: print("Start the echo service") app = pyrestful.rest.RestService([EchoService]) app.listen(8080) tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start() except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\nStop the echo service")
（六）update_customer.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import sys import json if sys.version_info > (3,): raw_input = input import http.client as httplib import urllib.parse as urllib else: import httplib import urllib print('Update customer') print('===============') id_customer = raw_input('Id Customer : ') name_customer = raw_input('Customer Name : ') address_customer = raw_input('Customer Address : ') if len(id_customer) == 0 and len(name_customer) == 0 and len(address_customer) == 0: print('You must indicates id, name and address of customer') else: params = urllib.urlencode({'name_customer':str(name_customer),'address_customer':str(address_customer)}) headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"} conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("localhost:8080") conn.request('PUT','/customer/%s'%id_customer,params,headers) resp = conn.getresponse() data = resp.read() if resp.status == 200: json_data = json.loads(data.decode('utf-8')) print(json_data) else: print(data.decode('utf-8'))
