My.Ioc 代码示例——使用观察者机制捕获注册项状态的变化

在 My.Ioc 中,要想在服务注销/注册时获得通知,可以通过订阅 ObjectBuilderRegistered 和 ObjectBuilderUnregistering 这两个事件来实现。但是,使用这两个事件也有一些不足。首先,它们只能针对当前注册/注销的服务发出通知,而对于依赖当前服务的上层服务的激活/停用事件(由于当前服务的注册/注销而引起的),它们则无能为力;其次,这两者都是针对所有注册项的广播事件。也就是说,只要发生注册/注销,无论注册/注销的是什么服务,容器都会向所有订阅了这两个事件的处理程序 (Event Handler) 发出通知。

由于上面这些限制因素,我们在 My.Ioc 中提供了 IObjectObserver/IObjectCollectionObserver 的机制。使用 IObjectObserver/IObjectCollectionObserver,我们可以实现针对特定契约类型 (Contract Type) 的更加高效和实时的侦听。

在这两者中,IObjectObserver 侦听的是一个实现了某个契约的服务,而 IObjectCollectionObserver 侦听的则是一组实现了相同契约的服务。下面我们通过代码示例来了解它们的用法:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using My.Ioc;

namespace ObserverUsage
{
    #region ObjectObserver Types

    public class ServiceConsumer
    {
        Service _service;

        public ServiceConsumer(Service service)
        {
            _service = service;
        }
    }

    public class Service
    {
    }

    #endregion

    #region ObjectCollectionObserver Types

    public class Tree
    {
        readonly IList<Node> _childNodes;

        public Tree(IList<Node> childNodes)
        {
            _childNodes = new List<Node>(childNodes);
        }

        public IList<Node> ChildNodes
        {
            get { return _childNodes; }
        }
    }

    public abstract class Node
    {
        string _name;

        public string Name
        {
            get
            {
                _name = _name ?? GetType().Name;
                return _name;
            }
        }
    }

    public class Node1 : Node
    {
    }

    public class Node2 : Node
    {
    }

    public class Node3 : Node
    {
    }

    public class Node4 : Node
    {
    }

    #endregion

    class Program
    {
        private static IObjectContainer _container;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            _container = new ObjectContainer(false);
            RunObjectObserverTest();
            RunObjectCollectionObserverTest();

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        #region ObjectObserver

        static void RunObjectObserverTest()
        {
            IObjectRegistration<Service> serviceRegistration;
            IObjectObserver<ServiceConsumer> consumerObserver;
            IObjectObserver<Service> serviceObserver;

            // Register and commit
            _container.Register<Service>().Return(out serviceRegistration);
            _container.Register<ServiceConsumer>();
            _container.CommitRegistrations();

            // Try to get the ObjectObserver and hook events
            if (_container.TryGetObserver(out serviceObserver))
                serviceObserver.Changed += OnObjectBuilderChangedForService;
            if (_container.TryGetObserver(out consumerObserver))
                consumerObserver.Changed += OnObjectBuilderChangedForConsumer;

            // Try to resolve an instance of ServiceConsumer to build the relationship between the 
            // ServiceConsumer and Service, so that if we unregistered the Service, not only the 
            // service observer, but also the consumer observer, will receive the notification.
            var consumer = _container.Resolve<ServiceConsumer>();

            // Unregister the Service. The observers should receive the notification later.
            _container.Unregister(serviceRegistration);

            // Dispose the observers
            consumerObserver.Dispose();
            serviceObserver.Dispose();
        }

        static void OnObjectBuilderChangedForService(ObjectBuilderChangedEventArgs args)
        {
            if (args.ChangeMode == ObjectBuilderChangeMode.Activate)
                Console.WriteLine("The Service is activated...");
            else if (args.ChangeMode == ObjectBuilderChangeMode.Deactivate)
                Console.WriteLine("The Service is deactivated...");
        }

        static void OnObjectBuilderChangedForConsumer(ObjectBuilderChangedEventArgs args)
        {
            if (args.ChangeMode == ObjectBuilderChangeMode.Activate)
                Console.WriteLine("The ServiceConsumer is activated...");
            else if (args.ChangeMode == ObjectBuilderChangeMode.Deactivate)
                Console.WriteLine("The ServiceConsumer is deactivated...");
        }

        #endregion

        #region ObjectCollectionObserver
        
        private static Tree _tree;

        static void RunObjectCollectionObserverTest()
        {
            IObjectRegistration<Node> nodeRegistration;
            IObjectCollectionObserver<Node> nodesObserver;

            // Register and commit
            _container.Register<Node, Node1>().Return(out nodeRegistration);
            _container.Register<Node, Node2>();
            _container.Register<Node, Node3>();
            _container.Register<Node, Node4>();
            _container.CommitRegistrations();

            // Try to get the ObjectObserver and hook events
            if (_container.TryGetObserver(out nodesObserver))
                nodesObserver.Changed += OnObjectBuilderChangedForNodeCollection;

            var nodes = _container.ResolveAll(nodesObserver);
            _tree = new Tree(nodes);
            PrintTree();

            // Unregister the Service. The observers should receive the notification later.
            _container.Unregister(nodeRegistration);
            PrintTree();

            _container.Register<Node, Node1>();
            _container.CommitRegistrations();
            PrintTree();

            // Dispose the observer
            nodesObserver.Dispose();
        }

        static void PrintTree()
        {
            Console.WriteLine();
            foreach (var node in _tree.ChildNodes)
                Console.WriteLine(node.Name);
        }

        static void OnObjectBuilderChangedForNodeCollection(ObjectBuilderCollectionChangedEventArgs args)
        {
            if (args.ChangeMode == ObjectBuilderCollectionChangeMode.Add)
            {
                var node = (Node)_container.Resolve(args.ObjectBuilder, null);
                _tree.ChildNodes.Add(node);
            }
            else if (args.ChangeMode == ObjectBuilderCollectionChangeMode.Remove)
            {
                _tree.ChildNodes.RemoveAt(args.Position);
            }
        }
        
        #endregion
    }
}
View Code

在上述示例中,我们简单演示了 IObjectObserver/IObjectCollectionObserver 的使用方法。

恰如您在示例中看到的,使用 IObjectObserver,当服务停用(注销)/激活(注册)时,该服务的观察者 (Observer) 以及任何依赖于该服务的上层服务的观察者都会收到通知,而我们可以于此时在处理程序中执行一些操作,从而更好地响应服务变化。

与 IObjectObserver 相比,IObjectCollectionObserver 的用法略有一点不同,因为它侦听的是一组而不是一个服务。使用 IObjectCollectionObserver 时,当某个服务注册/注销时,如果该服务或者它的任何上层服务处于 IObjectCollectionObserver 的侦听之中,IObjectCollectionObserver 便会发出通知,这样我们就会获知位于集合中哪个位置 (Position) 的服务被停用(注销)/激活(注册)的信息,从而可以根据此通知信息在处理程序中执行相应的操作,以更新(删除/添加)服务集合(示例中的节点树)

 

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posted @ 2014-09-10 11:11  Johnny.Liu  阅读(248)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报