通过本地Agent监控Azure sql database
背景:
虽然Azure sql database有DMVs可以查看DTU等使用情况,但记录有时间限制,不会一直保留。为了更好监控Azure_sql_database上各个库的DTU使用情况、数据库磁盘使用情况、阻塞等情况。通过本地的Agent的job使用link server 链接到各个Azure sql database 对应库(本地Ip能直连azure sql database),把相关的信息读取出来,存储在本地已新建好的对应表中,通过分析本地对应表中记录来实现监控azure sql database各个库的情况。如需了解azure sql database 与 ssms在开发上的一些区别。
基本思路:
第一步:本地库中新建好相应的表用来存放从azure sql database 上读取的记录;
第二步:在本地实例中新建好各个对应azure sql database 各个库的数据库链接,并把相关信息存放在azure_dblink_configure表中;
第三步:在本地库中新建好存储过程用来处理azure sql database上的记录存储在本地对应的表中;
第四步:在本地数据库的代理中新建job通过计划循环调用存储过程;
本地测试环境:
Microsoft SQL Server 2012 - 11.0.2100.60 (X64)
Feb 10 2012 19:39:15
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
Enterprise Edition (64-bit) on Windows NT 6.2 <X64> (Build 9200: )
具体实现步骤:
第一步:新建库新建表
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1 --新建保存监控记录的库 2 IF DB_ID('azure_monitor') IS NOT NULL 3 DROP DATABASE azure_monitor; 4 GO 5 CREATE DATABASE azure_monitor; 6 GO 7 USE azure_monitor; 8 GO 9 --在保存监控记录的库上新建如下表: 10 IF OBJECT_ID('azure_dblink_configure','U') IS NOT NULL 11 DROP TABLE azure_dblink_configure; 12 13 CREATE TABLE azure_dblink_configure 14 ( 15 id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) , 16 dblink NVARCHAR(200) NOT NULL , --dblink 17 dbname NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL , 18 descriptions NVARCHAR(200) , --描述 19 okflag BIT DEFAULT ( 1 ) 20 NOT NULL , ---1启用,0停用 21 createuser NVARCHAR(20) , --创建人 22 createdate DATETIME DEFAULT ( GETDATE() ) 23 NOT NULL , --创建时间 24 updatedate DATETIME DEFAULT ( GETDATE() ) 25 NOT NULL ---更新时间 26 ); 27 ALTER TABLE azure_dblink_configure ADD CONSTRAINT PK_azure_dblink_configure PRIMARY KEY(dblink,dbname); 28 29 --监控存储空间表 30 IF OBJECT_ID('monitor_azure_spaceused','U') IS NOT NULL 31 DROP TABLE monitor_azure_spaceused; 32 33 CREATE TABLE monitor_azure_spaceused 34 ( 35 id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) 36 PRIMARY KEY , 37 dblink NVARCHAR(200), 38 database_name VARCHAR(200) , 39 [sum_database(G)] decimal(18, 2), 40 execute_time_beijing DATETIME, 41 create_time DATETIME DEFAULT(GETDATE()) 42 ); 43 44 --监控DTU等情况表 45 IF OBJECT_ID('monitor_azure_DTU', 'U') IS NOT NULL 46 DROP TABLE monitor_azure_DTU; 47 48 CREATE TABLE monitor_azure_DTU 49 ( 50 id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) 51 PRIMARY KEY , 52 dblink NVARCHAR(200), 53 database_name VARCHAR(200) , 54 beijin_end_time DATETIME NULL , 55 avg_cpu_percent DECIMAL NULL , 56 avg_data_io_percent DECIMAL NULL , 57 avg_log_write_percent DECIMAL NULL , 58 avg_memory_usage_percent DECIMAL NULL , 59 xtp_storage_percent DECIMAL NULL , 60 max_worker_percent DECIMAL NULL , 61 max_session_percent DECIMAL NULL , 62 dtu_limit INT NULL , 63 create_time DATETIME DEFAULT ( GETDATE() ) 64 ); 65 66 CREATE INDEX IX_monitor_azure_DTU ON monitor_azure_DTU ([database_name]) INCLUDE ([beijin_end_time]); 67 68 --监控阻塞表 69 IF OBJECT_ID('monitor_azure_blocked', 'U') IS NOT NULL 70 DROP TABLE monitor_azure_blocked; 71 72 CREATE TABLE monitor_azure_blocked 73 ( 74 id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) 75 PRIMARY KEY , 76 dblink NVARCHAR(200), 77 dbname VARCHAR(200) , 78 spid SMALLINT NOT NULL , 79 kpid SMALLINT NOT NULL , 80 blocked SMALLINT NOT NULL , 81 waittype [VARCHAR](MAX) NOT NULL , 82 waittime BIGINT NOT NULL , 83 lastwaittype NCHAR(32) NOT NULL , 84 waitresource NCHAR(256) NOT NULL , 85 dbid SMALLINT NOT NULL , 86 uid SMALLINT NULL , 87 cpu INT NOT NULL , 88 physical_io BIGINT NOT NULL , 89 memusage INT NOT NULL , 90 login_time DATETIME NOT NULL , 91 last_batch DATETIME NOT NULL , 92 ecid SMALLINT NOT NULL , 93 open_tran SMALLINT NOT NULL , 94 status NCHAR(30) NOT NULL , 95 sid [VARCHAR](MAX) NOT NULL , 96 hostname NCHAR(128) NOT NULL , 97 program_name NCHAR(128) NOT NULL , 98 hostprocess NCHAR(10) NOT NULL , 99 cmd NCHAR(16) NOT NULL , 100 nt_domain NCHAR(128) NOT NULL , 101 nt_username NCHAR(128) NOT NULL , 102 net_address NCHAR(12) NOT NULL , 103 net_library NCHAR(12) NOT NULL , 104 loginame NCHAR(128) NOT NULL , 105 context_info [VARCHAR](MAX) NOT NULL , 106 sql_handle [VARCHAR](MAX) NOT NULL , 107 stmt_start INT NOT NULL , 108 stmt_end INT NOT NULL , 109 request_id INT NOT NULL , 110 [text] NVARCHAR(max), 111 createtime DATETIME DEFAULT ( GETDATE() ) 112 );
第二步:新建link server,针对Azure sql database各个库新建链接
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1 --具体的例子 2 EXEC sp_addlinkedserver 3 @server='azure_sql_db_01', -- dblink名称 4 @srvproduct='', 5 @provider='sqlncli', -- using SQL Server Native Client 6 @datasrc='XXXXXX.database.chinacloudapi.cn', -- 链接的数据库链接 7 @location='', 8 @provstr='', 9 @catalog='your_DB_name' 10 11 EXEC sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'azure_sql_db_01', 'false', NULL, '用户名', '用户密码'; 12 --注意用户是否有权限正常执行下述新建的存储过程 13 14 EXEC sp_serveroption 'azure_sql_db_01', 'rpc out', true; 15 16 17 --插入azure_dblink_configure 18 IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * 19 FROM azure_dblink_configure 20 WHERE dblink = N'azure_sql_db_01' 21 AND dbname = N'your_DB_name' ) 22 BEGIN 23 INSERT INTO azure_dblink_configure 24 ( dblink , 25 dbname , 26 descriptions , 27 createuser 28 ) 29 VALUES ( N'azure_sql_db_01' , 30 N'your_DB_name' , 31 N'某某项目' , 32 N'新建人员' 33 ); 34 END;
第三步:在本地新建存储过程
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1 ----监控库azure sql database 的存储过程例子 2 /*============================================= 3 -- Author: jil.wen 4 -- Create date: 2016/9/6 5 -- Description: 监控azure sql database 上对应库库容量、DTU、阻塞情况; 6 -- demo : exec dbo.Azure_p_monitor 7 ============================================= */ 8 CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.Azure_p_monitor 9 AS 10 BEGIN 11 SET NOCOUNT ON; 12 DECLARE @linkserver NVARCHAR(MAX);--临时存储linkserver信息 13 DECLARE @dblink NVARCHAR(200); --dblink名称 14 DECLARE @dbname NVARCHAR(50); --dbname 名称 15 DECLARE @id INT; --id 16 DECLARE cur_wen CURSOR FORWARD_ONLY 17 FOR 18 SELECT id , 19 dblink , 20 dbname 21 FROM azure_dblink_configure 22 WHERE okflag = 1 23 ORDER BY id ASC; 24 OPEN cur_wen; 25 FETCH NEXT FROM cur_wen INTO @id, @dblink, @dbname; 26 WHILE ( @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 ) 27 BEGIN 28 29 SELECT @linkserver = '[' + @dblink + ']' + '.' + '[' 30 + @dbname + ']'; 31 --具体处理业务逻辑 32 BEGIN TRY 33 ----监控DTU存储过程例子 34 BEGIN 35 DECLARE @addtime DATETIME; 36 --取本地对应库的插入记录时间,注意本地的时间与azure sql database上的时间相差8小时 37 IF EXISTS ( SELECT 1 38 FROM monitor_azure_DTU 39 WHERE database_name = @dbname ) 40 BEGIN 41 SELECT @addtime = MAX([beijin_end_time]) 42 FROM monitor_azure_DTU 43 WHERE database_name = @dbname; 44 END; 45 ELSE --如果为没有,默认是当前时间减一天 46 SELECT @addtime = DATEADD(dd, -1, GETDATE()); 47 -- PRINT @addtime; 48 DECLARE @addtime_nvar NVARCHAR(200); 49 SELECT @addtime_nvar = CAST(@addtime AS NVARCHAR(200)); --转换类型 50 -- DECLARE @tmpsql NVARCHAR(MAX); --调试变量 51 EXEC ( ' INSERT INTO monitor_azure_DTU 52 ( dblink, 53 database_name , 54 beijin_end_time , 55 avg_cpu_percent , 56 avg_data_io_percent , 57 avg_log_write_percent , 58 avg_memory_usage_percent , 59 xtp_storage_percent , 60 max_worker_percent , 61 max_session_percent , 62 dtu_limit 63 ) 64 SELECT '+''''+@dblink+''''+ ' as dblink,'+'''' + @dbname + ''''+' AS database_name , 65 DATEADD(hh, 8, a.end_time) as beijin_end_time , 66 a.avg_cpu_percent , 67 a.avg_data_io_percent , 68 a.avg_log_write_percent , 69 a.avg_memory_usage_percent , 70 a.xtp_storage_percent , 71 a.max_worker_percent , 72 a.max_session_percent , 73 a.dtu_limit 74 FROM ' + @linkserver + '.sys.dm_db_resource_stats as a 75 WHERE end_time > DATEADD(hh, -8,'+'''' +@addtime_nvar +'''' + ')'); 76 END; 77 ----监控阻塞存储过程例子 78 BEGIN 79 80 DECLARE @spid NVARCHAR(50); 81 SELECT @spid = CAST(@@spid AS NVARCHAR(50)); 82 83 84 EXEC (' 85 INSERT INTO monitor_azure_blocked( dblink,dbname, spid, kpid, blocked, waittype, waittime, lastwaittype, waitresource, [dbid], [uid], cpu, physical_io, memusage, login_time, last_batch, ecid, open_tran, [status], [sid], hostname, [program_name], hostprocess, cmd, nt_domain, nt_username, net_address, net_library, loginame, [context_info], [sql_handle], stmt_start, stmt_end, request_id,text) 86 SELECT '+''''+@dblink+''''+' as dblink,* 87 FROM openquery('+@dblink+','' SELECT b.name AS dbname , 88 a.spid , 89 a.kpid , 90 a.blocked , 91 a.waittype , 92 a.waittime , 93 a.lastwaittype , 94 a.waitresource , 95 a.[dbid] , 96 a.[uid] , 97 a.cpu , 98 a.physical_io , 99 a.memusage , 100 DATEADD(hh, 8, a.login_time) AS login_time ,--已换算成北京时间 101 DATEADD(hh, 8, a.last_batch) AS last_batch ,--已换算成北京时间 102 a.ecid , 103 a.open_tran , 104 a.[status] , 105 a.[sid] , 106 a.hostname , 107 a.[program_name] , 108 a.hostprocess , 109 a.cmd , 110 a.nt_domain , 111 a.nt_username , 112 a.net_address , 113 a.net_library , 114 DATEADD(hh, 8, a.login_time) AS loginame ,--换算成北京时间 115 a.[context_info] , 116 a.[sql_handle] , 117 a.stmt_start , 118 a.stmt_end , 119 a.request_id, 120 c.text from sys.sysprocesses a inner join sys.databases b ON a.[dbid]=b.database_id cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(a.sql_handle) c 121 WHERE a.spid > 50 122 AND a.blocked > 0 123 AND a.spid <>'+@SPID+''')' ); 124 125 END; 126 ----监控库容量的存储过程例子 127 BEGIN 128 129 EXEC 130 ( 'INSERT INTO [dbo].[monitor_azure_spaceused] 131 ( dblink, 132 database_name , 133 [sum_database(G)] , 134 execute_time_beijing 135 ) 136 SELECT '+''''+@dblink+ ''''+' as dblink,'+''''+ @dbname+ ''''+' AS database_name , --监控的具体库名 137 ROUND(( SUM(reserved_page_count) * 8.0 / 1024 ) / 1024, 2) AS [sum_database(G)] , 138 DATEADD(hh, 8, GETDATE()) AS execute_time_beijing 139 FROM '+ @linkserver+'.sys.dm_db_partition_stats' ); 140 END; 141 142 END TRY 143 144 145 BEGIN CATCH 146 SELECT ERROR_MESSAGE(); 147 --如链接不成功需要作废该链接,启用下述备注的代码 148 --UPDATE azure_dblink_configure 149 --SET okflag = 0 , 150 -- updatedate = GETDATE() 151 --WHERE id = @id; 152 END CATCH; 153 154 -- PRINT @tmpsql; 155 FETCH NEXT FROM cur_wen INTO @id, @dblink, @dbname; 156 END; 157 158 DEALLOCATE cur_wen; 159 SET NOCOUNT OFF; 160 END;
第四步:本地Agent 使用job调用存储过程
Agent中job设置详情省略,可以参考数据库出现阻塞及时邮件预警提醒(下)。注意计划时间间隔合理设置。
参考资料:
补充:
1)可以考虑用SSIS来实现监控;
2)也可以考虑不新建DBLink,直接在agent中使用sqlcmd来调用azure sql database。
3)为了便于直观查看监控的数据,可以考虑用Power BI等把监控的数据友好展示出来。