（一）5、安装与配置MySQL
最后当然还有我们的MySQL啦（遇选择请选“Y”）
root@ubuntu:/# sudo apt-get install mysql-server
漫长的等待之后，我的界面出现了非常sao的紫色，提示说输入MySQL的root用户的密码，那就输入吧，我的是**********，OK，再次输入，OK
最后我们测试一下，MySQL到底安没安上……完美
root@ubuntu:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:(此处输入密码)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.21-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
那就再看看有那些自带的数据库？完美，MySQL安装也到此结束了！
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
退出MySQL
mysql>exit
接下来就是我们的配置MySQL
1、因为MySQL的默认端口是3306，所以我们需要确认3306端口是否打开
root@ubuntu:/# ufw status
然后果然没打开，那就来打开吧
root@ubuntu:/# ufw allow 3306
Rule added
Rule added(v6)
最好检查一遍
root@ubuntu:/# ufw status
好的，那就下一步吧！
2、接着我们来看下MySQL的运行状态
root@ubuntu:/# netstat -antup
发现是127.0.0.1:3306，这可不行，因为127.0.0.1是本机IP，我们是需要开放出去的，那咱就来开放吧，进入mysql的配置文件（罪魁祸首就是红色标出来的，把这行注释掉就好了，即在这行前面加个#就可以注释了）,你TM告诉我不知道怎么改？？按键盘上的“insert”，还要不要我拿着你的手按方向键和删除键啊
root@ubuntu:/# cd /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf.d root@ubuntu:/#ls root@ubuntu:/#vi mysqld.conf …… [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # ……
最后应该是这样的，然后按“ESC”，输入“:wq”保存退出就好了
root@ubuntu:/# cd /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d
root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d#ls
mysqld.cnf mysqld_safe_syslog.cnf
root@ubuntu:/#vi mysqld.cnf
……
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
# bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
……
真的是最后一步，想要让配置生效，也要让它重启一次吧，不知道命令？这就来
root@ubuntu:/# service mysql restart
然后再来查看MySQL的运行状态,能看到：：：3306我就放心了，唉，现在心有点累了
root@ubuntu:/# netstat -antup
然后再来创建所需要的数据库和简单操作一下数据库。
1、进入数据库
root@ubuntu:/#mysql -u root -p Enter password:(输入密码)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.7.21-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
1、我们需要创建一个数据库，来供后面的教程使用
mysql> create database example;(注意分号)
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
2、进入数据库“example”
mysql> use example Database changed
3、创建数据表
mysql> create table People( -> Id int, -> Name varchar(10), -> Age int, -> Gender varchar(5) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
4、来看看我们的数据表的结构
mysql> desc People;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Name | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | | | Age | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Gender | varchar(5) | YES | | NULL | | +--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
5、来看看我们数据表的数据，嗯…没插入数据怎么会有数据呢
mysql> select * from People; Empty set (0.00 sec)
6、那咱就来试试如何插入数据吧
mysql> insert into People value(1,'Tom',20,'male'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
7、看看我们刚刚插入的数据
mysql> select * from People; +------+------+------+--------+ | Id | Name | Age | Gender | +------+------+------+--------+ | 1 | Tom | 20 | male | +------+------+------+--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
完美，数据库的操作就先到这了。接下来才是重头戏。—授权
只要执行下面一句，就能创建一个用户，并给该用户授予有关权限
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to myUser@'%'identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
解释：
grant:授权关键字
all privileges：所有权限
*.*：所有数据库的所有表
myUser：被授权的用户名，即登录的用户名
%：表示所有主机都可以访问
'123456'：被授权的用户名的密码，即登录的密码
最后退出MySQL
mysql>exit
Bye
至此，（一）的任务已经完成了，下面就是（二）的时间了，首页传送门
