高效掌握C#第五回---猜单词游戏

　　前四回介绍了c#常用的数据类型，数组，字符串的常用操作，本回书进入实践环节，综合运用前面讲到的这些知识，实践一个控制台小游戏。

　　以下是需求说明：

　/*

Playing a console-based game

To solve the problem, your program must be able to:

Choose a random word to use as the secret word. That word is chosen from a word list, as described in the following paragraph.
Keep track of the user’s partially guessed word, which begins as a series of dashes and then updated as correct letters are guessed.
Implement the basic control structure and manage the details (ask the user to guess a letter, keep track of the number of guesses remaining, print out the various messages, detect the end of the game, and so forth)
*/

　　简单说需求就是从一个单词集合中随机选取一个单词， 假设猜想单词school， 就在控制台上输出 _ _ _ _ _ _，根据英语普遍规律，绝大部分的单词都有元音字母，所以从元音字母开始猜比较容易。假设用户猜字母O，单词school中出现了，就在单词上预留的位置中填写此字母，_ _ _ o o _ 当用户们猜测的单词为school中并未出现的字母，则将在控制台中输出最近一次单词的状态。若给定猜测次数内，单词仍未猜出，则系统获胜，若猜出此单词，则为用户获胜。

java版本实现

 

public class Main {

    //1一个单词数组（字符串数组）
    //2随机获取一个单词，随机一个下标(下标值在0到单词数组长度之间)
    //3得到单词长度len，创建一个长度为len的字符数组word，数组元素初值均为-
    //4循环以下步骤（退出循环的条件为，用户允许猜错的次数<=0或word字符中数组中不再包含-字符）
    //5输出word到屏幕
    //6获取客户输入，判断随机选出的单词中是否包含用户输入的字符
    //7若包含，得到字符在单词中出现的位置，并将该位置的字符替换成用户输入的字符，返回到4
    //8若不包含，用户可以猜错的次数减一，返回到4
    //9.得出最后结论：判断用户允许猜错的次数是否大于0，如果大于0，输出用户胜利，否则输出用户失败
   

    public static boolean isContaisChar(char[] array, char c)
    {
        boolean bFind = false;
        for(int i = 0; i<array.length; i++)
        {
            if(array[i] == c)
            {
                bFind = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        return bFind;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    // write your code here
        //1定义一个单词数组（字符串数组）
        String[] words = {"picture", "chinese", "school", "question", "include", "simple", "difficult", "understand", "necessary", "support" };
        //2随机获取一个单词，随机一个下标(下标值在0到单词数组长度之间)
        Random random = new Random();
        int nRandomIndex = random.nextInt(words.length);
        String strWordChoose = words[nRandomIndex];
        //3得到单词长度len，创建一个长度为len的字符数组word，数组元素初值均为-
        int nLen = strWordChoose.length();
        char[] wordShow = new char[nLen];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < nLen; i++)
        {
            wordShow[i] = '-';
        }
        //4循环以下步骤（退出循环的条件为，用户允许猜错的次数<=0或word字符中数组中不再包含-字符）
        int nGuessTimes = 3;

        while(nGuessTimes > 0 && isContaisChar(wordShow,'-'))
        {
            //5输出word到屏幕
            System.out.println(wordShow);
            //6获取客户输入，判断随机选出的单词中是否包含用户输入的字符
            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
            String c = sc.nextLine();
            //7若包含，得到字符在单词中出现的位置，并将该位置的字符替换成用户输入的字符，返回到4
            boolean bFind = false;
            for(int i = 0; i < wordShow.length; i++)
            {
                if(strWordChoose.charAt(i) == c.toCharArray()[0])
                {
                    wordShow[i] = c.toCharArray()[0];
                    bFind = true;
                }
            }
            //8若不包含，用户可以猜错的次数减一，返回到4

            if(!bFind)
            {
                nGuessTimes--;
                System.out.println("您还有"+nGuessTimes+"次机会");
            }
        }

        //9.得出最后结论：判断用户允许猜错的次数是否大于0，如果大于0，输出用户胜利，否则输出用户失败
        if(nGuessTimes > 0)
        {
            System.out.println("you win");
        }
        else
        {
            System.out.println("you lose");
        }
    }
}

 

 

　　

以下给出代码实现（C#）：

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace GuessWord
{
    class Program
    {
        static int wrongGuess, lettersLeft;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string wordToGuess = GetWordToGuess();

            char[] maskedWord = GetHiddenLetters(wordToGuess, '-');

            lettersLeft = wordToGuess.Length;
            char userGuess;

            wrongGuess = 3;

            while (wrongGuess > 0 && lettersLeft > 0)
            {
                DisplayCharacters(maskedWord);

                Console.WriteLine("Enter a letter?");
                userGuess = char.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

                maskedWord = CheckGuess(userGuess, wordToGuess, maskedWord);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Well done! Thanks for playing.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        static string GetWordToGuess()
        {
            Random number = new Random();
            int wordNumber = number.Next(0, 9);

            string[] words = { "picture", "chinese", "school", "question", "include", "simple", "difficult", "understand", "necessary", "support" };

            string selectWord = words[wordNumber];
            return selectWord;
        }

        static char[] GetHiddenLetters(string word, char mask)
        {
            char[] hidden = new char[word.Length];

            for (int i = 0; i < word.Length; i++)
            {
                hidden[i] = mask;
            }

            return hidden;
        }

        static void DisplayCharacters(char[] characters)
        {
            foreach (char letter in characters)
            {
                Console.Write(letter);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
        }

        static char[] CheckGuess(char letterToCheck, string word, char[] characters)
        {
            if (word.Contains(letterToCheck))
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < word.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (word[i] == letterToCheck)
                    {
                        characters[i] = word[i];
                        lettersLeft--;
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                wrongGuess--;
            }

            return characters;
        }
    }
}