springmvc helloworld
1.配置DispatcherServlet
在web.xml文件中,添加:
<servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
上述配置中,默认会在WEB-INF/目录下,查找springmvc-servlet.xml的配置文件,模式为:(servletname)-servlet.xml.找到该配置文件后,以此来加载应用程序上下文。
如果想要修改默认的配置文件,则可通过下面的方法来指定配置文件路径:
<context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/HelloWeb-servlet.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener>
2.配置springmvc-servlet.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xiaofan.hello.activiti" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
3.定义控制器
@Controller @RequestMapping("/hello") public class HelloController{ @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) public String printHello(ModelMap model) { model.addAttribute("message", "Hello Spring MVC Framework!"); return "hello"; } }
4.创建jsp视图
<html> <head> <title>Hello Spring MVC</title> </head> <body> <h2>${message}</h2> </body> </html>
5.运行web测试
习惯使用jetty进行web测试,因为是maven项目,所以对pom.xml进行以下步骤的修改:
1.添加servlet依赖:
<!-- servlet依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency>
2.添加jetty插件:
<plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>8.1.14.v20131031</version> <configuration> <jvmArgs>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</jvmArgs> <scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds> <stopKey>foo</stopKey> <stopPort>9999</stopPort> <webApp> <contextPath>/activiti-hello</contextPath> </webApp> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>9090</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> </configuration> </plugin>
经过上述步骤,可以通过mvn jetty:run来运行测试了,在浏览器中输入http://127.0.0.1:9090/activiti-hello/hello,可以看到以下页面:
至此,springmvc基本框架的helloworld实例已经完成
总结
总结一下,开发springmvc的简单应用包括以下步骤:
- 在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet,用它请求规划好的那类请求(如 *.do , *.action , / );
- 配置servletname-servlet.xml文件,以配置springmvc上下文环境;
- 编写Controller;
- 编写jsp页面;
- 运行jetty测试;