API(乱七八糟)

windows程序设计
API：
创建窗口：CreateWindow()
函数功能：该函数创建一个重叠式窗口、弹出式窗口或子窗口。它指定窗口类，窗口标题，窗口风格，以及窗口的初始位置及大小（可选的）。该函数也指定该窗口的父窗口或所属窗口（如果存在的话），及窗口的菜单。若要使用除CreateWindow函数支持的风格外的扩展风格，则使用CreateWindowEx函数代替CreateWindow函数。
函数原型：HWND CreateWindow(LPCTSTR lpClassName,LPCTSTR lpWindowName,DWORD dwStyle,int x,int y,int nWidth，int nHeight，HWND hWndParent,HMENU hMenu，HANDLE hlnstance，LPVOID lpParam);
     hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName,              // window class name
                TEXT ("The Hello Program"), // window caption
             WS_OVERLAPPED     | \
             WS_CAPTION        | \
             WS_SYSMENU        | \
             WS_MINIMIZEBOX,        // window style
        x_position,                 // initial x position
        y_position,              // initial y position
          x_size,                     // initial x size
        y_size,              // initial y size
          NULL,                       // parent window handle
        NULL,                       // window menu handle
        hInstance,                  // program instance handle
            NULL) ;                     // creation parameters
     ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
     UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;

API：读取屏幕大小(不包括任务栏)
int width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN;
int heigh = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);
//设置窗口位置和大小
void set_position_size(int * p_x_position, int * p_y_position, int * p_x_size, int * p_y_size)
{
    int width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN);//读取屏幕大小
    int heigh = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);
    * p_x_position = (int)width/3;
    * p_y_position =(int)heigh/5;
    * p_x_size = (int)width/3;
    * p_y_size = (int)width/3;
}
API:GetSystemMetrics()
int frame_width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSIZEFRAME);  //边框宽度
int caption_width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYCAPTION); //标题栏宽度
int menu_high = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYMENU); //菜单高度

画矩形：Rectangle(hdc, x1, y1, x2, y2);

画直线：
MoveToEx是用来移动当前画笔的位置，LineTo是用来画直线的函数，其实在计算机图形里的直线显示是使用光栅图形学里的原理。
 
函数MoveToEx和LineTo声明如下：
WINGDIAPI BOOL WINAPI MoveToEx( __in HDC hdc, __in int x, __in int y, __out_opt LPPOINT lppt);
hdc是当前设备的句柄。
x是X轴的位置，水平方向，一般原点是在屏幕左上角的位置。
y是Y轴的位置，垂直方向。
lppt是移动前的坐标位置。
 
WINGDIAPI BOOL WINAPI LineTo( __in HDC hdc, __in int x, __in int y);
hdc是当前设备的句柄。
x是X轴的位置，水平方向，一般原点是在屏幕左上角的位置。
y是Y轴的位置，垂直方向。

WINGDIAPI HPEN     WINAPI CreatePen( __in int iStyle, __in int cWidth, __in 
COLORREF color); 
iStyle 是画笔的类型，比如是实线，还是虚线等等。 

cWidth 是线的宽度。 

color 是线的颜色。 



//备份:
//Main.cpp
/*------------------------------------------------------------
   HELLOWIN.C -- Displays "Hello, Windows 98!" in client area
                 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998
  ------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "NumMines.h"

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
WINGDIAPI BOOL WINAPI MoveToEx(HDC hdc, int x, int y, LPPOINT lppt);//移动当前画笔的位置
WINGDIAPI BOOL WINAPI LineTo(HDC hdc, int x, int y);//用来画直线的函数
WINGDIAPI HPEN     WINAPI CreatePen(int iStyle, int cWidth, COLORREF color); 

//自定义函数
void paint_map(HWND hwnd);
BOOL DrawGrid(HDC hdc, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
//设置窗口位置和大小
void set_position_size(int * p_x_position, int * p_y_position, int * p_x_size, int * p_y_size);
void left_key(HWND hwnd);
void DrawRec(HWND hwnd, HDC hdc, int i, int j);

//全局变量
char map[MAX_X][MAX_Y];
int m = 10, n = 10;
int Global_x[MAX_X], Global_y[MAX_Y];


int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                    PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
     int x_position, y_position, x_size, y_size;
     set_position_size(&x_position, &y_position, &x_size, &y_size);
     init();//画完地图，再初始化数组（地雷分布）

     static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("MainWin") ;
     HWND         hwnd ;
     MSG          msg ;
     WNDCLASS     wndclass ;

     wndclass.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
     wndclass.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc ;
     wndclass.cbClsExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.cbWndExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.hInstance     = hInstance ;
     wndclass.hIcon         = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
     wndclass.hCursor       = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
     wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
     wndclass.lpszMenuName  = NULL ;
     wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;

     if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
     {
          MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"), 
                      szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     
     /*创建默认窗口
     hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName,                  // window class name
                          TEXT ("The Hello Program"), // window caption
                          WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,        // window style
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x position
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y position
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x size
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y size
                          NULL,                       // parent window handle
                          NULL,                       // window menu handle
                          hInstance,                  // program instance handle
                          NULL) ;                     // creation parameters
     */
     hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName,                  // window class name
                          TEXT ("扫雷游戏——The ClearMines Game"), // window caption
                          WS_OVERLAPPED     | \
                          WS_CAPTION        | \
                          WS_SYSMENU        | \
                          WS_MINIMIZEBOX,        // window style
                           x_position,                 // initial x position
                          y_position,              // initial y position
                          x_size,                     // initial x size
                          y_size,              // initial y size
                          NULL,                       // parent window handle
                          NULL,                       // window menu handle
                          hInstance,                  // program instance handle
                          NULL) ;                     // creation parameters
     ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
     UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
     while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
     {
          TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
          DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
     }
     return msg.wParam ;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
     switch (message)
     {          
     case WM_PAINT:
          paint_map(hwnd);
          return 0 ;
          
     case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: //单击鼠标
          left_key(hwnd);
          break;

     case WM_DESTROY:
          PostQuitMessage (0) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}

//设置窗口位置和大小
void set_position_size(int * p_x_position, int * p_y_position, int * p_x_size, int * p_y_size)
{
    int width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN);//读取屏幕大小
    int heigh = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);
    * p_x_position = (int)width/3;
    * p_y_position =(int)heigh/5;
    * p_x_size = (int)width/3;
    * p_y_size = (int)width/3;
}
void paint_map(HWND hwnd)
{
    HDC         hdc ;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
    RECT        rect ;
    int x1,y1,x2,y2;
    int x_position, y_position, x_size, y_size;
    set_position_size(&x_position, &y_position, &x_size, &y_size);

    int frame_width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSIZEFRAME);  //边框宽度
    int caption_width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYCAPTION); //标题栏宽度
    int menu_high = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYMENU); //菜单高度
    x1 = caption_width;
    y1 = caption_width;
    x2 = x_size - caption_width - frame_width;
    y2 = y_size - 2*caption_width - frame_width;

    hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
    GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
    DrawGrid(hdc, x1, y1, x2, y2);
    EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
}
//画格子
BOOL DrawGrid(HDC hdc, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
    int i, j;
    POINT ptLeftTop;
    BOOL tmp1, tmp2;
    int tmp_x1;
    int tmp_y1;
    int tmp_x2;
    int tmp_y2;

    //画横线
    tmp_x1 = x1;
    tmp_y1 = y1;
    tmp_x2 = tmp_x1+((x2-x1)/m)*m;
    for (i = 0; i <= m; i++)
    {
        if (i != m)
        {
            Global_y[i] = tmp_y1;
        }
        ptLeftTop.x = tmp_x1;
        ptLeftTop.y = tmp_y1;
        tmp1 = MoveToEx(hdc,ptLeftTop.x,ptLeftTop.y,NULL);            
        ptLeftTop.x = tmp_x2;
        ptLeftTop.y = tmp_y1;
        tmp2 = LineTo(hdc,ptLeftTop.x,ptLeftTop.y);
        tmp_y1 += (y2-y1)/n;
    }

    //画竖线
    tmp_x1 = x1;
    tmp_y1 = y1;
    tmp_y2 = tmp_y1+((y2-y1)/m)*m;
    for (j = 0; j <= n; j++)
    {
        if (j != n)
        {
            Global_x[j] = tmp_x1;
        }
        ptLeftTop.x = tmp_x1;
        ptLeftTop.y = tmp_y1;
        tmp1 = MoveToEx(hdc,ptLeftTop.x,ptLeftTop.y,NULL);            
        ptLeftTop.x = tmp_x1;
        ptLeftTop.y = tmp_y2;
        tmp2 = LineTo(hdc,ptLeftTop.x,ptLeftTop.y);
        tmp_x1 += (x2-x1)/m;
    }
    if (tmp1 == FALSE || tmp2 == FALSE)
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

//接口
void left_key(HWND hwnd)
{
    int tmp_x,tmp_y,i,j;
    POINT lpPoint;
    LPARAM   lParam;
 
        GetCursorPos(&lpPoint);    
    
    PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
    HDC         hdc ;
    RECT        rect ;

    tmp_x = lpPoint.x;
    tmp_y = lpPoint.y;

    for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
    {
        if (tmp_x > Global_x[i] && tmp_x < Global_x[i+1])    break;
    }
    for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
    {
        if (tmp_y > Global_y[j] && tmp_y < Global_y[j+1])    break;
    }

    i--;
    j--;
    hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
    GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;

    if (map[i][j] == '*')
    {
        DrawText (hdc, TEXT ("GAME OVER!"), -1, &rect,
        DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER) ;
        EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
    }
    else if (map[i][j] == 0)
    {
        DrawRec(hwnd, hdc, i, j);
    }
    else
    {
        TCHAR str_tmp[10];
        sprintf(str_tmp,"%d",map[i][j]);
        DrawText (hdc, TEXT (str_tmp), -1, &rect,
            DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER) ;
        EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
    }
}

//画小矩形，表示该处为0个地雷
void DrawRec(HWND hwnd, HDC hdc, int i, int j)
{
    HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 10, RGB(0, 255, 0)); 
    //设置当前设备的画笔. 
    HGDIOBJ hOldPen = SelectObject(hdc,hPen); 

    Rectangle(hdc, Global_x[i], Global_y[j], Global_x[i+1], Global_y[j+1]);
}

//NumMines.h
#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "time.h"
#include "stdlib.h"

#define MAX_X 100 //行坐标最大值
#define MAX_Y 100 //纵坐标最大值
#define MINES -1 //地雷

extern int m, n;
extern int map[MAX_X][MAX_Y];


void set_mines(int num_mines);
int round_num_mines(int i,int j);
BOOL init(void);

//NumMines.cpp
#include "NumMines.h"

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "time.h"
#include "stdlib.h"

/*******************************************************************
初始化地雷分布位置和个数
函数功能：根据设置的地雷个数和分布地图（map，数组）给出分布好了地雷的数组
函数原型：void set_mines( int num_mines)
参数：（in）—— int num_mines
*********************************************************************/
void set_mines(int num_mines)
{
    int num = 0;
    int i,j;

    while (num <= num_mines)
    {
        srand(time(0));
        //rand()%n 取(0，n-1)的随机数    
        i = rand() % m;
        j = rand() % n;
        //如果出现相同的情况呢？，没事，再循环几次，直到有了足够的地雷为止
        if (i<0 || i>m || j<0 || j>n || map[i][j] == MINES)
        {
            continue;
        }
        map[i][j] = MINES;
        num++;//判断地雷个数
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
返回周围地雷个数的函数
函数原型：   int round_num_mines(int i,int j);
 参 数：     int i, int j为当前的坐标
返回值类型： int  返回该坐标处周围的地雷数
返回值情况：（1）返回1-8代表周围有1-8个地雷；
            （2）返回0代表周围没有地雷；
            （3）返回*代表此坐标时地雷；
******************************************************************************/
int round_num_mines(int i,int j)
{
    if (map[i][j] == MINES)
    {
        return MINES;
    }

    int dir[8][2] = {{-1,-1},{-1,0},{-1,1},{0,1},{1,1},{1,0},{1,-1},{0,-1}};
    int k = 0, num_mines = 0;

    for (k = 0; k < 8; k++)
    {
        if (map[i+dir[k][0]][j+dir[k][1]] == '*')
        {
            num_mines++;
        }
    }
    return num_mines;
}

BOOL init(void)
{
    memset(map, 0, sizeof(map));
    int i, j;
    int flag = 0;
    
    set_mines((m*n)/10);//55个地雷
    
    for  (i=0; i<m; i++)
    {
        for  (j=0; j<=n; j++)
        {
            map[i][j] = round_num_mines(i, j);
            flag = 1;
        }
    }
    if (1 == flag)
    {
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

//

---------------------------
Microsoft Visual C++
---------------------------
Unhandled exception in ClearMines.exe: 0xC0000094: Integer Divide by Zero.
---------------------------
确定   
---------------------------