Widows下利用OpenSSL生成证书
1.下载OpenSSL的windows版本
32位：openssl-1.0.2a-i386-win32.zip
64位：openssl-1.0.2a-x64_86-win64.zip
下载之后解压即可使用，不过软件缺少配置文件
2.建立配置文件
在解压后的目录, 即openssl.exe所在目录新建配置文件，名为openssl-1.0.2a.cnf，内容如下
# For use with easy-rsa version 2.0 and OpenSSL 1.0.0*
# This definition stops the following lines choking if HOME isn't
# defined.
HOME = .
RANDFILE = $ENV::HOME/.rnd
openssl_conf = openssl_init
[ openssl_init ]
# Extra OBJECT IDENTIFIER info:
#oid_file = $ENV::HOME/.oid
oid_section = new_oids
engines = engine_section
# To use this configuration file with the "-extfile" option of the
# "openssl x509" utility, name here the section containing the
# X.509v3 extensions to use:
# extensions =
# (Alternatively, use a configuration file that has only
# X.509v3 extensions in its main [= default] section.)
[ new_oids ]
# We can add new OIDs in here for use by 'ca' and 'req'.
# Add a simple OID like this:
# testoid1=1.2.3.4
# Or use config file substitution like this:
# testoid2=${testoid1}.5.6
####################################################################
[ ca ]
default_ca = CA_default # The default ca section
####################################################################
[ CA_default ]
dir = $ENV::KEY_DIR # Where everything is kept
certs = $dir # Where the issued certs are kept
crl_dir = $dir # Where the issued crl are kept
database = $dir/index.txt # database index file.
new_certs_dir = $dir # default place for new certs.
certificate = $dir/ca.crt # The CA certificate
serial = $dir/serial # The current serial number
crl = $dir/crl.pem # The current CRL
private_key = $dir/ca.key # The private key
RANDFILE = $dir/.rand # private random number file
x509_extensions = usr_cert # The extentions to add to the cert
# Extensions to add to a CRL. Note: Netscape communicator chokes on V2 CRLs
# so this is commented out by default to leave a V1 CRL.
# crl_extensions = crl_ext
default_days = 3650 # how long to certify for
default_crl_days= 30 # how long before next CRL
default_md = md5 # use public key default MD
preserve = no # keep passed DN ordering
# A few difference way of specifying how similar the request should look
# For type CA, the listed attributes must be the same, and the optional
# and supplied fields are just that :-)
policy = policy_anything
# For the CA policy
[ policy_match ]
countryName = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName = match
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
name = optional
emailAddress = optional
# For the 'anything' policy
# At this point in time, you must list all acceptable 'object'
# types.
[ policy_anything ]
countryName = optional
stateOrProvinceName = optional
localityName = optional
organizationName = optional
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
name = optional
emailAddress = optional
####################################################################
[ req ]
default_bits = 1024
default_keyfile = privkey.pem
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
attributes = req_attributes
x509_extensions = v3_ca # The extentions to add to the self signed cert
# Passwords for private keys if not present they will be prompted for
# input_password = secret
# output_password = secret
# This sets a mask for permitted string types. There are several options.
# default: PrintableString, T61String, BMPString.
# pkix : PrintableString, BMPString (PKIX recommendation after 2004).
# utf8only: only UTF8Strings (PKIX recommendation after 2004).
# nombstr : PrintableString, T61String (no BMPStrings or UTF8Strings).
# MASK:XXXX a literal mask value.
string_mask = nombstr
# req_extensions = v3_req # The extensions to add to a certificate request
[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default = CN
countryName_min = 2
countryName_max = 2
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default = LiaoNing
localityName = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default = DaLian
0.organizationName = Organization Name (eg, company)
0.organizationName_default = KEY_ORG
# we can do this but it is not needed normally :-)
#1.organizationName = Second Organization Name (eg, company)
#1.organizationName_default = World Wide Web Pty Ltd
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
#organizationalUnitName_default =
commonName = Common Name (eg, your name or your server\'s hostname)
commonName_max = 64
name = Name
name_max = 64
emailAddress = Email Address
emailAddress_default = mail@host.domain
emailAddress_max = 40
# JY -- added for batch mode
organizationalUnitName_default = KEY_OU
commonName_default = KEY_CN
name_default = KEY_NAME
# SET-ex3 = SET extension number 3
[ req_attributes ]
challengePassword = A challenge password
challengePassword_min = 4
challengePassword_max = 20
unstructuredName = An optional company name
[ usr_cert ]
# These extensions are added when 'ca' signs a request.
# This goes against PKIX guidelines but some CAs do it and some software
# requires this to avoid interpreting an end user certificate as a CA.
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
# Here are some examples of the usage of nsCertType. If it is omitted
# the certificate can be used for anything *except* object signing.
# This is OK for an SSL server.
# nsCertType = server
# For an object signing certificate this would be used.
# nsCertType = objsign
# For normal client use this is typical
# nsCertType = client, email
# and for everything including object signing:
# nsCertType = client, email, objsign
# This is typical in keyUsage for a client certificate.
# keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
# This will be displayed in Netscape's comment listbox.
nsComment = "Easy-RSA Generated Certificate"
# PKIX recommendations harmless if included in all certificates.
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
extendedKeyUsage=clientAuth
keyUsage = digitalSignature
# This stuff is for subjectAltName and issuerAltname.
# Import the email address.
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# Copy subject details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy
#nsCaRevocationUrl = http://www.domain.dom/ca-crl.pem
#nsBaseUrl
#nsRevocationUrl
#nsRenewalUrl
#nsCaPolicyUrl
#nsSslServerName
[ server ]
# JY ADDED -- Make a cert with nsCertType set to "server"
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = "Easy-RSA Generated Server Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth
keyUsage = digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
[ v3_req ]
# Extensions to add to a certificate request
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA
# PKIX recommendation.
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always
# This is what PKIX recommends but some broken software chokes on critical
# extensions.
#basicConstraints = critical,CA:true
# So we do this instead.
basicConstraints = CA:true
# Key usage: this is typical for a CA certificate. However since it will
# prevent it being used as an test self-signed certificate it is best
# left out by default.
# keyUsage = cRLSign, keyCertSign
# Some might want this also
# nsCertType = sslCA, emailCA
# Include email address in subject alt name: another PKIX recommendation
# subjectAltName=email:copy
# Copy issuer details
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy
# DER hex encoding of an extension: beware experts only!
# obj=DER:02:03
# Where 'obj' is a standard or added object
# You can even override a supported extension:
# basicConstraints= critical, DER:30:03:01:01:FF
[ crl_ext ]
# CRL extensions.
# Only issuerAltName and authorityKeyIdentifier make any sense in a CRL.
# issuerAltName=issuer:copy
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always,issuer:always
[ engine_section ]
#
# If you are using PKCS#11
# Install engine_pkcs11 of opensc (www.opensc.org)
# And uncomment the following
# verify that dynamic_path points to the correct location
#
#pkcs11 = pkcs11_section
[ pkcs11_section ]
engine_id = pkcs11
dynamic_path = /usr/lib/engines/engine_pkcs11.so
MODULE_PATH = changeme
PIN = 1234
init = 0
3.初始化一些参数
cmd切换到openssl目录，执行以下初始化内容
初始化内容包括，建立keys文件夹，生成index.txt空文本文件，生成serial文件内容为01
rmdir /s /q keys
mkdir keys
copy /Y nul keys\index.txt
echo 01 >keys\serial
SET HOME=.
SET KEY_DIR=keys
4.生成ca证书
这一步生成了2个文件：ca.key为CA的私钥文件，ca.crt为CA的证书文件，这两个文件后面的证书签名做准备
openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -x509 -keyout keys\ca.key -out keys\ca.crt -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf
5.生成服务端证书
生成服务器证书请求文件和服务器私钥
openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -keyout keys\server.key -out keys\server.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf
CA签名
openssl ca -days 3650 -out keys\server.crt -in keys\server.csr -extensions server -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf
清除.old文件防止将来创建文件出现错误
del /q keys\*.old
6.生成客户端证书
生成客户端证书请求文件和客户端私钥
openssl req -days 3650 -nodes -new -keyout keys\client.key -out keys\client.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf
CA签名
openssl ca -days 3650 -out keys\client.crt -in keys\client.csr -config openssl-1.0.2a.cnf
清除.old文件防止将来创建文件出现错误
del /q keys\*.old
生成的证书文件都在keys文件夹中
笔者生成的证书下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/gsls200808/8697633
