我们在开发C# WinForm时,有时会调用Web服务,服务是本地的当前好办,只要在Project中的Web References中引入就可以在代码中直接创建一个Web服务对象来引用,其实其原理是C#帮你自动创建客户端代理类的方式调用WebService,但如果调用的服务是动态的,比如说在几个IIS中都有相同的一个服务,在运行时输入具体的IP才确定调用哪个服务,那要怎么样实现呢。


方法一: 手动的添加一个Web引用,然后修改下本地的代理类。最后实现Web Service的URI部署到配置文件里。 具体做法如下:

以下代码是显示如何配置动态的Web Service,以服务单元C(类名为Web_SVSGC)为例:

(1)首先在Web引用中的本地代理类中添加一个构造函数,这个构造函数是以Web Service的URL为参数的重载方法。
复制  保存Namespace Web_SVSGC
    '<remarks/>
    <System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute(),  _     System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code"),  _     System.Web.Services.WebServiceBindingAttribute(Name:="SVSGCSoap", [Namespace]:="http://tempuri.org/QYJSERVICE/SVSGC"),  _     System.Xml.Serialization.XmlIncludeAttribute(GetType(Attribute))>  _
    Public Class SVSGC
        Inherits System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol
    '<remarks/>
        Public Sub New()
            MyBase.New
            Me.Url = "http://localhost/QYJSERVICE/WEBSERVICE/SERVICE/SVSGC.asmx"
        End Sub

        '添加一个带参数的构造函数。
        Public Sub New(ByVal strUrl As String)
            MyBase.New()
            Me.Url = strUrl
        End Sub

(2)将Web Service的url配置在调用Web Service的应用程序的配置文件中。(其中的value可以随时修改。)

复制  保存<configuration>
    <appSettings>
              <add key="SVSGA_URL" value="http://192.168.108.188/ QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" />
    </appSettings>
</configuration><configuration>
    <appSettings>
              <add key="SVSGA_URL" value="http://192.168.108.188/ QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" />
    </appSettings>
</configuration>

(3)调用时,根据配置文件的Url动态的生成Web Service。
复制  保存'要调用的Web Service的URL
        Dim strWebSvsUrl As String
        '声明一个要调用的Web Service
        Dim objSVSGC As WebSvs_GC. SVSGC
        '调用Web Service的远程方法的返回值
        Dim strReturnValue As String
        Try
            '从配置文件中取得Web Service的URL
            strWebSvsUrl = _
            System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("SVSGC_URL")
            '生成一个Web Service实例
            objSVSGC = New WebSvs_GC.SVSGC (strWebSvsUrl)
            '调用这个Web Service里的远程方法
            strReturnValue = objSVSGC.HelloWorld()
        Catch ex As Exception
        End Try


方法二:完全动态处理,传入服务服务网址,方法名和参数即可.

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.CodeDom;
using Microsoft.CSharp;
using System.CodeDom.Compiler;
using System.Web.Services.Description;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;

namespace HB.Common
{
    /* 调用方式
     *   string url = "http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" ;
     *   string[] args = new string[2] ;
     *   args[0] = "Hangzhou";
     *   args[1] = "China" ;
     *   object result = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url ,"GetWeather" ,args) ;
     *   Response.Write(result.ToString());
     */
    public class WebServiceHelper
    {
        #region InvokeWebService
        /// <summary>
        /// 动态调用web服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">WSDL服务地址</param>
        /// <param name="methodname">方法名</param>
        /// <param name="args">参数</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static object InvokeWebService(string url, string methodname, object[] args)
        {
            return WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url, null, methodname, args);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 动态调用web服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">WSDL服务地址</param>
        /// <param name="classname">类名</param>
        /// <param name="methodname">方法名</param>
        /// <param name="args">参数</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static object InvokeWebService(string url, string classname, string methodname, object[] args)
        {
            string @namespace = "EnterpriseServerBase.WebService.DynamicWebCalling";
            if ((classname == null) || (classname == ""))
            {
                classname = WebServiceHelper.GetWsClassName(url);
            }

            try
            {
                //获取WSDL
                WebClient wc = new WebClient();
                Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL");
                ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream);
                ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter();
                sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", "");
                CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace);

                //生成客户端代理类代码
                CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit();
                ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn);
                sdi.Import(cn, ccu);
                CSharpCodeProvider icc = new CSharpCodeProvider();

                //设定编译参数
                CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters();
                cplist.GenerateExecutable = false;
                cplist.GenerateInMemory = true;
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll");
                cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll");

                //编译代理类
                CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu);
                if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors)
                {
                    System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
                    foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors)
                    {
                        sb.Append(ce.ToString());
                        sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine);
                    }
                    throw new Exception(sb.ToString());
                }

                //生成代理实例,并调用方法
                System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly;
                Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true);
                object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname);

                return mi.Invoke(obj, args);

                /*
                PropertyInfo propertyInfo = type.GetProperty(propertyname);
                return propertyInfo.GetValue(obj, null);
                */
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace));
            }
        }

        private static string GetWsClassName(string wsUrl)
        {
            string[] parts = wsUrl.Split('/');
            string[] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1].Split('.');

            return pps[0];
        }
        #endregion
    }
}
返回时如果不是字符串,即强制转换,如返回是DataSet,则

string url = "http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" ;
string[] args = new string[2] ;
args[0] = "Hangzhou";
args[1] = "China" ;
object result = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url ,"GetWeather" ,args) ;
DataSet DSRe=(DataSet)result;

方法三:URL Behavior 属性
 
如果知道服务的方法和参数,只是调用的URL网址会随时变化,那么可以手工创建一个服务,添加上对应的的方法和传入参数,然后引入到项目中,就可以直接开发,在创建服务的实例化时,才修改对应的URL即可.

例如服务中有个方法叫GetTax,那么就可以这样改:

GetTax.GetTax GetTax1 = new GetTax.GetTax();
GetTax1.Url = "http://" + WebIp1 + "/pub_wa_gspsp1/gettax.asmx";        //动态引入服务器
                
DataSet DS1 = GetTax1.GetTaxMx(Bm1, OldBz, Fpl, SLx, StaDa, EndDa);   //调用服务器返回开票数据


本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/turejackon/archive/2008/12/30/3658236.aspx

posted on 2009-08-18 09:33  Kein  阅读(2531)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报