[LeetCode] Two Sum IV - Input is a BST 两数之和之四 - 输入是二叉搜索树
Given a Binary Search Tree and a target number, return true if there exist two elements in the BST such that their sum is equal to the given target.
Example 1:
Input: 5 / \ 3 6 / \ \ 2 4 7 Target = 9 Output: True
Example 2:
Input: 5 / \ 3 6 / \ \ 2 4 7 Target = 28 Output: False
这道题又是一道2sum的变种题,博主一直强调,平生不识TwoSum,刷尽LeetCode也枉然!只要是两数之和的题,一定要记得先尝试用HashSet来做,这道题只不过是把数组变成了一棵二叉树而已,换汤不换药,我们遍历二叉树就行,然后用一个HashSet,在递归函数函数中,如果node为空,返回false。如果k减去当前结点值在HashSet中存在,直接返回true;否则就将当前结点值加入HashSet,然后对左右子结点分别调用递归函数并且或起来返回即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution { public: bool findTarget(TreeNode* root, int k) { unordered_set<int> st; return helper(root, k, st); } bool helper(TreeNode* node, int k, unordered_set<int>& st) { if (!node) return false; if (st.count(k - node->val)) return true; st.insert(node->val); return helper(node->left, k, st) || helper(node->right, k, st); } };
我们也可以用层序遍历来做,这样就是迭代的写法了,但是利用HashSet的精髓还是没变的,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution { public: bool findTarget(TreeNode* root, int k) { if (!root) return false; unordered_set<int> st; queue<TreeNode*> q{{root}}; while (!q.empty()) { auto t = q.front(); q.pop(); if (st.count(k - t->val)) return true; st.insert(t->val); if (t->left) q.push(t->left); if (t->right) q.push(t->right); } return false; } };
由于输入是一棵二叉搜索树,那么我们可以先用中序遍历得到一个有序数组,然后在有序数组中找两数之和就很简单了,直接用双指针进行遍历即可,参见代码如下:
解法三:
class Solution { public: bool findTarget(TreeNode* root, int k) { vector<int> nums; inorder(root, nums); for (int i = 0, j = (int)nums.size() - 1; i < j;) { if (nums[i] + nums[j] == k) return true; (nums[i] + nums[j] < k) ? ++i : --j; } return false; } void inorder(TreeNode* node, vector<int>& nums) { if (!node) return; inorder(node->left, nums); nums.push_back(node->val); inorder(node->right, nums); } };
类似题目:
Two Sum III - Data structure design
Two Sum II - Input array is sorted
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/two-sum-iv-input-is-a-bst/
https://leetcode.com/problems/two-sum-iv-input-is-a-bst/discuss/106090/my-c-python-solution