[CareerCup] 3.1 Implement Three Stacks using Array 使用数组来实现三个栈
3.1 Describe how you could use a single array to implement three stacks.
这道题让我们用一个数组来实现三个栈,书上给了两种方法,第一种方法是定长分割 Fixed Division,就是每个栈的长度相同,用一个公用的一位数组buffer来保存三个栈的内容,前三分之一为第一个栈,中间三分之一为第二个栈,后三分之一为第三个栈,然后还要分别记录各个栈当前元素的个数,然后再分别实现栈的基本操作push, pop, top 和 empty,参见代码如下:
class ThreeStacks { public: ThreeStacks(int size) : _stackSize(size) { _buffer.resize(size * 3, 0); _stackCur.resize(3, -1); } void push(int stackIdx, int val) { if (_stackCur[stackIdx] + 1 >= _stackSize) { cout << "Stack " << stackIdx << " is full!" << endl; } ++_stackCur[stackIdx]; _buffer[stackIdx * _stackSize + _stackCur[stackIdx]] = val; } void pop(int stackIdx) { if (empty(stackIdx)) { cout << "Stack " << stackIdx << " is empty!" << endl; } _buffer[stackIdx * _stackSize + _stackCur[stackIdx]] = 0; --_stackCur[stackIdx]; } int top(int stackIdx) { if (empty(stackIdx)) { cout << "Stack " << stackIdx << " is empty!" << endl; } return _buffer[stackIdx * _stackSize + _stackCur[stackIdx]]; } bool empty(int stackIdx) { return _stackCur[stackIdx] == -1; } private: int _stackSize; vector<int> _buffer; vector<int> _stackCur; };
第二种方法是灵活分割 Flexible Divisions,这种方法较为复杂,这里就不细写了。