[LeetCode] 58. Length of Last Word 最后一个单词的长度
Given a string s
consisting of words and spaces, return the length of the last word in the string.
A word is a maximal substring consisting of non-space characters only.
Example 1:
Input: s = "Hello World" Output: 5 Explanation: The last word is "World" with length 5.
Example 2:
Input: s = " fly me to the moon " Output: 4 Explanation: The last word is "moon" with length 4.
Example 3:
Input: s = "luffy is still joyboy" Output: 6 Explanation: The last word is "joyboy" with length 6.
Constraints:
1 <= s.length <= 10^4
s
consists of only English letters and spaces' '
.- There will be at least one word in
s
.
这道题难度不是很大。先对输入字符串做预处理,去掉开头和结尾的空格,然后用一个计数器来累计非空格的字符串的长度,遇到空格则将计数器清零,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution { public: int lengthOfLastWord(string s) { int left = 0, right = (int)s.size() - 1, res = 0; while (s[left] == ' ') ++left; while (s[right] == ' ') --right; for (int i = left; i <= right; ++i) { if (s[i] == ' ') res = 0; else ++res; } return res; } };
昨晚睡觉前又想到了一种解法,其实不用上面那么复杂的,这里关心的主要是非空格的字符,那么实际上在遍历字符串的时候,如果遇到非空格的字符,只需要判断其前面一个位置的字符是否为空格,如果是的话,那么当前肯定是一个新词的开始,将计数器重置为1,如果不是的话,说明正在统计一个词的长度,计数器自增1即可。但是需要注意的是,当 i=0 的时候,无法访问前一个字符,所以这种情况要特别判断一下,归为计数器自增1那类,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution { public: int lengthOfLastWord(string s) { int res = 0; for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); ++i) { if (s[i] != ' ') { if (i != 0 && s[i - 1] == ' ') res = 1; else ++res; } } return res; } };
下面这种方法是第一种解法的优化版本,由于只关于最后一个单词的长度,所以开头有多少个空格起始并不需要在意,从字符串末尾开始,先将末尾的空格都去掉,然后开始找非空格的字符的长度即可,参见代码如下:
解法三:
class Solution { public: int lengthOfLastWord(string s) { int right = s.size() - 1, res = 0; while (right >= 0 && s[right] == ' ') --right; while (right >= 0 && s[right] != ' ' ) { --right; ++res; } return res; } };
这道题用Java来做可以一行搞定,请参见这个帖子.
Github 同步地址:
https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/58
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-last-word/
https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-last-word/discuss/21927/My-3-line-0-ms-java-solution
https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-last-word/discuss/21892/7-lines-4ms-C%2B%2B-Solution