原创C# 枚举 多状态 操作

C# 中枚举类型是一种值类型,目前(vs2012)还不能用于泛型。

此类型最多的用处是标识一组相同类型的状态量或常量,比如:

状态量

示例一

  [Flags]
  public enum ConnectionState
  {
    Closed = 0,
    Open = 1,
    Connecting = 2,
    Executing = 4,
    Fetching = 8,
    Broken = 16,
  }

 常量

示例二

  [Flags]
  [ComVisible(true)]
  [Serializable]
  public enum FileAttributes
  {
    ReadOnly = 1,
    Hidden = 2,
    System = 4,
    Directory = 16,
    Archive = 32,
    Device = 64,
    Normal = 128,
    Temporary = 256,
    SparseFile = 512,
    ReparsePoint = 1024,
    Compressed = 2048,
    Offline = 4096,
    NotContentIndexed = 8192,
    Encrypted = 16384,
    [ComVisible(false)] IntegrityStream = 32768,
    [ComVisible(false)] NoScrubData = 131072,
  }

 在使用中,平时使用频率最多的是:使用switch case 语句来判断枚举中的一个值,比如:

示例三

    enum ActionStep
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 第一步:打开主页
        /// </summary>
        Home,   
        
        /// <summary>
        /// 第二步:查找输入框与提交按钮,输入关键字后提交
        /// </summary>
        FindAndQuery,      

        /// <summary>
        /// 第三步:查找指定连接,找到后导航到它
        /// </summary>
        Search,            

        /// <summary>
        /// 第四步:等待15秒后关闭
        /// </summary>
        WaittingForClose,

        End
    }

 

                switch (action.Step)
                {
                    case ActionStep.Home:
                        Navigate(task.Home);
                        break;
                    case ActionStep.FindAndQuery:
                        InputAndSubmit(task);
                        break;
                    case ActionStep.Search:
                        SearchTarget(task);
                        break;
                    case ActionStep.WaittingForClose:
                        WaitForClose(task);
                        break;
                }

 然而,我们有时候也需要多状态的情况,比如:文件属性 FileAttributes。

那么,如何来操作呢?

正常的思路是声明一个变量,在需要的时候进行    操作。(不是还有hasFlag嘛?......),比如:C# Enum设计和使用的相关技巧 中的示例

示例四

 例如定义了权限Enum Permission:

[Flags]

public enum Permission{

      Select = 1,

      Edit = 2,

      Delete = 4,

      View = 8,   

      All = Select | Edit | Delete | View

  } 

可以采用这个函数进行计算:

public static Permission ClearFlag(Permission value, Permission flag)  

{       

    value = value & (Permission.All^ flag);

    return value;

}

 使用起来应该很方便,但是如果遇到,像下面的情况

示例五

 [Flags]
    public enum AuthorState
    {
        BlogListDownloading = 1,
        BlogListParsing = 2,

        BlogDownloading = 4,
        BlogParsing = 8,
        BlogWritting = 16,

        MetaDownloading = 32,
        MetaParsing = 64,
        MetaWritting = 128,
        MetasParsedDone = 2048,//所的的元素解析全部完成

        DownloadList = 256,
        CheckUpdate = 512,
        NeedUpdate = 1024//需要更新
        
    }

 

    /// <summary>
    /// 状态辅助类
    /// </summary>
    public class EnumHelper
    {
        private AuthorState _state;

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加一个状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        public void In(AuthorState state)
        {
            if (!Include(state))
                _state |= state;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除一个状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        public void Out(AuthorState state)
        {
            if(!Include(state))
                _state ^= state;
            //_state ^= state;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 判断一个状态是否在其中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool Include(AuthorState state)
        {
            return (_state & state) == state;
        }
    }

 

            State.In(AuthorState.DownloadList);
            _download.DownloadBlogList(url);
            State.Out(AuthorState.DownloadList);

 

 即,添加了一个状态,在之后的操作中会去除这个状态。

然而,我在写出了示例五之后总感觉这样做代码量增加太多了,虽然有智能提示。很是怀想delphi下的 In 操作:

示例六

procedure TForm1.Edit1KeyPress(Sender: TObject; var..Key: Char);
begin
  if not(key in['0'..'9',#8])then
  begin
    key:=#0;
    MessageBeep(1);    //Beep; 调用系统声音也行!
  end;
end;

 C#中的In是不会让你这么用的,那么,要怎么办?扩展!扩展枚举,增加一些方法

google了一下,找到了 如何:为枚举创建新方法(C# 编程指南)

下面是我修改之后的代码

示例七

 
[Flags]
    public enum MyEnum
    {
        Zero =1 , One = 2, Two = 4, Three =8
    }

 扩展

    public static class Extensions
    {
        public static MyEnum Host = MyEnum.One;

        public static bool Contained(this MyEnum value)
        {
            return (Host & value) == value;
        }

        public static void Add(this MyEnum value)
        {
            if (value.Contained()) return;
            Host |= value;
        }

        public static void Remove(this MyEnum value)
        {
            if (value.Contained())
                Host ^= value;
        }
    }

 使用方法

    public class  TestCls
    {
        private MyEnum _initValue = MyEnum.One;

        public void Test(MyEnum value)
        {
            Extensions.Host = _initValue;//控制变量
            value.Contained();
            value.Add();
            value.Remove();
        }
    }

 那么,好吧,你现在会用了。

示例八

            MyEnum.One.Add();
            MyEnum.One.Remove();

 去吧,骚年,去Coding吧

 

posted @ 2013-07-09 09:16  (大贤者模式)  阅读(3420)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报