DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(一)--客户端生成文件

有一客户需求：

1、要从SQL Server数据库导出并生成Excel ;

2、用户下载对应的Excel并填写上传再导入到SQL server。

费了将近六个小时，故一定要把过程写下来，希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的弯路。

首先，想到的是直接导出到客户端，代码如下：

public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName)
        {
            if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; }
            Response.Clear();
            //Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode);
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312";
            //Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            //Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");
            System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter();
            HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW);
            DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();
            dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0];
            dg.DataBind();
            dg.RenderControl(oHW);
            Response.Write(oSW.ToString());
            Response.Flush();
            Response.Close();
        }

这样生成是生成了！ 客户也可以用Excel直接打开并编辑，问题来了！ 上传时出错，仔细看看生成的Excel.xls,

用记事本打开，内容大致如下：

<table cellspacing="0" rules="all" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
    <tr>
        <td>品名</td><td>最高价格</td><td>最低价格</td><td>平均价格</td><td>计量单位</td><td>备注</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>青菜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>南瓜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>瓠子</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>冬春笋</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>雪里蕻</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>樱桃萝卜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>佛手瓜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>白菜鼎</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>蒜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>食用菌</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr><tr>
        <td>黄瓜</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>元/公斤</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
</table>

 原来，就是纯粹的html格式，披了件Excel的外衣。这样用户传上来的文件当然不是标准的Excel格式了！

于是， 想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文档，方法如下 ：

/**//// <summary>
        /// 执行导出
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ds">要导出的DataSet</param>
        /// <param name="strExcelFileName">要导出的文件名</param>
        public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName)
        {

            System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc;

            excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName);
            const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>\r\n<Workbook " +
                  "xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n" +
                  " xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n " +
                  "xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-    microsoft-com:office:" +
                  "excel\"\r\n xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" +
                  "office:spreadsheet\">\r\n <Styles>\r\n " +
                  "<Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n " +
                  "<Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/>\r\n <Borders/>" +
                  "\r\n <Font/>\r\n <Interior/>\r\n <NumberFormat/>" +
                  "\r\n <Protection/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                  "<Style ss:ID=\"BoldColumn\">\r\n <Font " +
                  "x:Family=\"Swiss\" ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                  "<Style     ss:ID=\"StringLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat" +
                  " ss:Format=\"@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +
                  "ss:ID=\"Decimal\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
                  "ss:Format=\"0.0000\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                  "<Style ss:ID=\"Integer\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
                  "ss:Format=\"0\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +
                  "ss:ID=\"DateLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
                  "ss:Format=\"mm/dd/yyyy;@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                  "</Styles>\r\n ";
            const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>";

            int rowCount = 0;
            int sheetCount = 1;
            /**//*
           <xml version>
           <Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
           xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
           xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
           xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet">
           <Styles>
           <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
             <Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
             <Borders/>
             <Font/>
             <Interior/>
             <NumberFormat/>
             <Protection/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="BoldColumn">
             <Font x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="StringLiteral">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="@"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="Decimal">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="0.0000"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="Integer">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="0"/>
           </Style>
           <Style ss:ID="DateLiteral">
             <NumberFormat ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/>
           </Style>
           </Styles>
           <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1">
           </Worksheet>
           </Workbook>
           */
            excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);
            excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">");
            excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
            excelDoc.Write("<Row>");
            for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++)
            {
                excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"BoldColumn\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName);
                excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
            }
            excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
            foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows)
            {
                rowCount++;
                //if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output

                if (rowCount == 64000)
                {
                    rowCount = 0;
                    sheetCount++;
                    excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
                    excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
                    excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">");
                    excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
                }
                excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + "

                for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++)
                {
                    System.Type rowType;
                    rowType = x[y].GetType();
                    switch (rowType.ToString())
                    {
                        case "System.String":
                            string XMLstring = x[y].ToString();
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim();
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&");
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">");
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<");
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
                                           "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.DateTime":
                            //Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by  

                            //the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000

                            //The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate 

                            //to the format above

                            DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y];
                            string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date

                            XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() +
                                 "-" +
                                 (XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) +
                                 "-" +
                                 (XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) +
                                 "T" +
                                 (XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) +
                                 ":" +
                                 (XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) +
                                 ":" +
                                 (XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) +
                                 ".000";
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"DateLiteral\">" +
                                         "<Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Boolean":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
                                        "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Int16":
                        case "System.Int32":
                        case "System.Int64":
                        case "System.Byte":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Integer\">" +
                                    "<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Decimal":
                        case "System.Double":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Decimal\">" +
                                  "<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.DBNull":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
                                  "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                            excelDoc.Write("");
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        default:
                            throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled."));
                    }
                }
                excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
            }
            excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
            excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
            excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML);
            excelDoc.Close();
        }

可惜， 生成的倒是XML格式了，但还是上传格式不正确，考虑到客户端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等，决定放弃保存Excel到客户端的方式。

 第三种尝试方案：用cvs保存，将第一种方法改为：

  Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
            Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");

 生成格式大致如下：

"品名","最高价格","最低价格","平均价格","计量单位","备注"
"青菜","","","","元/公斤",""
"南瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"瓠子","","","","元/公斤",""
"冬春笋","","","","元/公斤",""
"雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤",""
"樱桃萝卜","","","","元/公斤",""
"佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤",""
"蒜","","","","元/公斤",""
"食用菌","","","","元/公斤",""
"黄瓜","","","","元/公斤",""

导入到SQL Server时有多种方法：

给出简要代码：

 public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn)
        {
            int intColCount = 0;
            bool blnFlag = true;
            DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName");

            DataColumn mydc;
            DataRow mydr;

           
            string strline;
            string[] aryline;

            System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
            int FlagFirst =1;
            while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null)
            {
                //if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; }
                strline = strline.Replace("\n", "");
                strline = strline.Replace("\r", "");
                strline = strline.Replace("\t", "");
                //aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' });
                aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' });

                if (blnFlag)
                {
                    blnFlag = false;
                    intColCount = aryline.Length;
                    for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++)
                    {
                        mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]);
                        mydt.Columns.Add(mydc);
                    }
                }

                mydr = mydt.NewRow();
                for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++)
                {
                    mydr[i] = aryline[i];
                }
                mydt.Rows.Add(mydr);
                FlagFirst++;
            }
 
            mysr.Close();
            mysr.Dispose();
            return mydt;
        }

 也有人给出方案，直接从cvs中读取

 public static string PreFilePath=@"c:\Excel\";
        public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;";
        public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename)
        {
            OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn);
            DataSet dscsv = new DataSet();
            try
            {
                string strsql = "select * from " + filename;                     //filename, for example: 1.csv
                OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn);

                odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv);
                return dscsv;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

 尝试失败！！

 Code Project 上有篇文章，

A Fast CSV Reader

也可以试试。

 虽然也可以凑合用， 但总觉得CVS出错的可能性更大。

 到此，决定放弃客户端生成的方式,请看下篇

DataSet导出到Excel比较完整的解决方案(二)--服务器端生成文件(downmoon)