android - UI设计之shape和selector的结合使用

shape和selector是Android UI设计中经常用到的,比如我们要自定义一个圆角Button,点击Button有些效果的变化,就要用到shape和selector。可以这样说,shape和selector在美化控件中的作用是至关重要的。

1.Shape

简介

作用:XML中定义的几何形状

位置:res/drawable/文件的名称.xml

使用的方法:

Java代码中:R.drawable.文件的名称

XML中:android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"

属性:

<shape>  android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"]

其中rectagle矩形,oval椭圆,line水平直线,ring环形

<shape>中子节点的常用属性:

<gradient>  渐变

android:startColor  起始颜色

android:endColor  结束颜色             

android:angle  渐变角度,0从上到下,90表示从左到右,数值为45的整数倍默认为0;

android:type  渐变的样式 liner线性渐变 radial环形渐变 sweep

<solid >  填充

android:color  填充的颜色

<stroke > 描边

android:width 描边的宽度

android:color 描边的颜色

android:dashWidth 表示'-'横线的宽度

android:dashGap 表示'-'横线之间的距离

<corners > 圆角

android:radius  圆角的半径 值越大角越圆

android:topRightRadius  右上圆角半径
 
android:bottomLeftRadius 右下圆角角半径
 
android:topLeftRadius 左上圆角半径

android:bottomRightRadius 左下圆角半径

2.Selector

 简介

位置:res/drawable/文件的名称.xml

使用的方法:

Java代码中:R.drawable.文件的名称

XML中:android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>     
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- 默认时的背景图片-->
<item android:drawable="@drawable/pic1" />

<!-- 没有焦点时的背景图片 -->
<item
android:state_window_focused="false"
android:drawable
="@drawable/pic_blue"
/>

<!-- 非触摸模式下获得焦点并单击时的背景图片 -->
<item
android:state_focused="true"
android:state_pressed
="true"
android:drawable
= "@drawable/pic_red"
/>

<!-- 触摸模式下单击时的背景图片-->
<item
android:state_focused="false"
android:state_pressed
="true"
android:drawable
="@drawable/pic_pink"
/>

<!--选中时的图片背景-->
<item
android:state_selected="true"
android:drawable
="@drawable/pic_orange"
/>

<!--获得焦点时的图片背景-->
<item
android:state_focused="true"
android:drawable
="@drawable/pic_green"
/>
</selector>

第一个例子:圆角的Button

http://liangruijun.blog.51cto.com/3061169/630051

第二个例子:shape+selector综合使用的例子 漂亮的ListView

先看看这个例子的结构:

selector.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<item android:state_selected="true">
<shape>
<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C"
android:startColor
="#A5D245" />
<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>
</item>
<item android:state_pressed="true">
<shape>
<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C"
android:startColor
="#A5D245"/>
<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>
</item>
<item>
<shape>
<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#A8C3B0"
android:startColor
="#C6CFCE"/>
<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>
</item>
</selector>

list_item.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation
="horizontal"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:background
="@drawable/selector"
>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img"
android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity
="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft
="20dp"
/>
<TextView
android:text="data"
android:id
="@+id/title"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:gravity
="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft
="20dp"
android:layout_marginTop
="20dp"
android:textSize
="14sp"
android:textStyle
="bold"
android:textColor
="@color/black"
>
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>

main.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation
="vertical"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:background
="#253853"
>
<ListView
android:id="@+id/list"
android:layout_width
="match_parent"
android:layout_height
="match_parent"
android:cacheColorHint
="#00000000"
android:divider
="#2A4562"
android:dividerHeight
="3px"
android:listSelector
="#264365"
android:drawSelectorOnTop
="false"
>
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>

colors.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<resources>
<color name="white">#FFFFFFFF</color>
<color name="transparency">#00000000</color>
<color name="title_bg">#1C86EE</color>
<color name="end_color">#A0cfef83</color>
<color name="black">#464646</color>
</resources>

MainActivity

    package com.lingdududu.customlist;  

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;

import xb.customlist.R;

import android.R.array;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
ListView list;

String data[] = new String[]{
"China","UK","USA","Japan","German","Canada","ET","Narotu"
};


/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);


list =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);

SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.list_item,
new String[]{"title","img"}, new int[]{R.id.title,R.id.img});

list.setAdapter(adapter);
}

private ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> getData() {
ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> dlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,Object>>();

for(int i =0;i<data.length;i++){
HashMap<String, Object>map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("title", data[i]);
map.put("img", R.drawable.item_left2);
dlist.add(map);
}
return dlist;
}
}

效果图:



上面的例子中用到很多关于颜色RGB的参数,对RGB不熟悉的,可以参照这篇文章 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-01/52652p4.htm

from:linux公社


 



posted @ 2012-03-27 10:56  Android Walker  阅读(1615)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报