如何在调用WCF服务之前弹出一个确认对话框?

昨天有人在微博上问我如下一个问题:

老蒋,客户端调用wcf的一个接口函数时,有没有什么办法可以先弹出一个确认框,确认后再执行调用。因为这个接口函数再很多地方都执行了调用,所以我想在某个入口进行统一地弹出一个确认框...

其实这个问题可以通过WCF的扩展来完成,具体来说这个扩展涉及到一个我们不太常用的组件“InteractiveChannelInitializer”,在我的《WCF全面解析》中对它有过概括性的介绍。InteractiveChannelInitializer实现了接口IInteractiveChannelInitializer,从名称可以看出这是一个“交互性”的“信道初始化器”,在一般情况下我们用它来动态地指定客户端调用凭证(比如在弹出的登录对话框中输入用户名和密码)。而上面这个问题就可以通过自定义InteractiveChannelInitializer来实现,我为此写了一个简单的实例(源代码从这里下载)。

右图所示的是实例的运行界面。我们以Windows Form应用的方式编写了一个“计算器”,计算结果通过调用WCF服务来获取。在每次调用服务之前都会弹出一个确认对话框,真正的服务调用只有在用户确认之后方能进行。

用于实现“服务调用确认”的自定义InteractiveChannelInitializer(InvocationConfirmationInteractiveChannelInitializer)定义如下。我们在BeginDisplayInitializationUI方法中弹出一个确认对话框,并将用户的确认选择封装到一个简单的AsyncResult对象中返回。在EndDisplayInitializationUI方法中,通过AsyncResult对象确认用户是否取消本次服务调用,如果是则抛出一个自定义的InvocationCancelException异常。

   1: public class InvocationConfirmationInteractiveChannelInitializer : IInteractiveChannelInitializer
   2: {
   3:     public const string ConfirmMessage = "程序执行过程涉及到WCF服务调用,是否继续?";
   4:     public IAsyncResult BeginDisplayInitializationUI(IClientChannel channel, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
   5:     {
   6:         bool cancel = MessageBox.Show(ConfirmMessage, "WCF服务调用确认", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.No;
   7:         return new SimpleAsynsResult(cancel);
   8:     }
   9:  
  10:     public void EndDisplayInitializationUI(IAsyncResult result)
  11:     {
  12:         SimpleAsynsResult asyncResult = (SimpleAsynsResult)result;
  13:         if((bool)asyncResult.AsyncState)
  14:         {
  15:             throw new InvocationCancelException("WCF服务调用被取消");
  16:         }
  17:     }
  18: }
  19:  
  20: public class SimpleAsynsResult:IAsyncResult
  21: {
  22:     public SimpleAsynsResult(object state)
  23:     {
  24:         this.AsyncState = state;
  25:     }
  26:  
  27:     public object AsyncState { get; private set; }
  28:     public WaitHandle AsyncWaitHandle { get; private set; }
  29:     public bool CompletedSynchronously
  30:     {
  31:         get { return true; }
  32:     }
  33:     public bool IsCompleted
  34:     {
  35:         get { return true; }
  36:     }
  37: }

我们通过一个自定义的ContractBehavior(InvocationConfirmationBehaviorAttribute )将上面自定义的InvocationConfirmationInteractiveChannelInitializer应用到客户端运行时。如下面的代码片断所示,在实现的ApplyClientBehavior方法中,我们创建了一个InvocationConfirmationInteractiveChannelInitializer对象并将其添加到客户端运行时的InteractiveChannelInitializers集合中。

   1: [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Interface)]
   2: public class InvocationConfirmationBehaviorAttribute : Attribute, IContractBehavior
   3: {
   4:     public void AddBindingParameters(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint, BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters) { }
   5:     public void ApplyClientBehavior(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint, ClientRuntime clientRuntime)
   6:     {
   7:         clientRuntime.InteractiveChannelInitializers.Add(new InvocationConfirmationInteractiveChannelInitializer());
   8:     }
   9:     public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint, DispatchRuntime dispatchRuntime) { }
  10:     public void Validate(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint) { }
  11: }

以特性形式定义的InvocationConfirmationBehaviorAttribute直接以如下的方式直接应用到作为服务契约的ICalcualtor接口中:

   1: [ServiceContract(Name = "CalculatorService", Namespace ="http://www.artech.com/")]
   2: [InvocationConfirmationBehavior]
   3: public interface ICalculator
   4: {
   5:     [OperationContract]
   6:     double Add(double x, double y);
   7: }

那么在进行服务调用的时候,确认对话框会自动弹出来。如果用户选择终止当前服务调用,那么InvocationCancelException异常会被抛出来,我们只需要捕捉该类型的异常即可。如下所示的是“=”按钮的Click事件代码:

   1: public partial class Form1 : Form
   2: {
   3:     //其他成员
   4:     private void buttonCalculate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
   5:     {
   6:         this.textBoxResult.Text = string.Empty;
   7:         using (ChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelfactory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>("calculatorservice"))
   8:         {
   9:             ICalculator calculator = channelfactory.CreateChannel();
  10:             try
  11:             {
  12:                 double op1 = double.Parse(this.textBoxOp1.Text);
  13:                 double op2 = double.Parse(this.textBoxOp2.Text);
  14:                 double result = calculator.Add(op1,op2);
  15:                 this.textBoxResult.Text = result.ToString();
  16:             }
  17:             catch (InvocationCancelException)
  18:             {
  19:             }
  20:             catch (Exception ex)
  21:             {
  22:                 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
  23:             }
  24:         }
  25:     }
  26: }
posted @ 2012-10-07 10:01  Artech  阅读(9203)  评论(20编辑  收藏  举报