微信消息推送

一、消息推送、公众号、服务号、企业号

- 微信消息推送(越往下权限越大)
  - 公众号(每天可以发一篇文章,不能主动发消息,能回复;通过文章,吸引你)
  - 已认证公众号
  - 服务号(主动推送消息,通知你,eg:告诉你得每月账单,前提是先关注)
  - 已认证服务号
  - 企业号(不使用qq, 企业内部人员聊天,得花钱)

 

介绍:

  https://open.weixin.qq.com/
  https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1433401084
  https://open.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/frame?t=home/web_tmpl&lang=zh_CN

  微信api  网站应用开发,资源中心:公众账号,开发者文档
  权限介绍:
    https://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1433401084

 

二、测试:微信认证得服务号

基于:微信认证服务号,主动推送微信消息。
前提:关注服务号
环境:沙箱环境

沙箱环境地址:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login

微信扫一扫登录:

 

 

 

 

这个就是,微信发送消息,手机收到推送得消息得提示!!

 

三、总结

总结:
    # 沙箱环境地址:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login
    1. 注册账号
        appID:wx89085e915d351cae
        appsecret:64f87abfc664f1d4f11d0ac98b24c42d
        
        网页授权获取用户基本信息:47.98.134.86 或 域名 
        
    2. 关注公众号(已认证的服务号)
    
    3. 生成二维码,用户扫描;
        将用户信息发送给微信,微信再将数据发送给设置redirect_uri地址(md5值)
        
    4. 回调地址:47.98.134.86/callback/
        - 授权 
        - 用户md5
        - 获取wx_id 
        在数据库中更新设置:wx_id 
    5. 发送消息(模板消息)
        - wx_id 
        - access_token(2小时有效期)

 

四、代码分析

1. 用户登录,账号,密码; 

  将id,name,uid(MD5得唯一标识)注册到session中,跳转到bind二维码页面

 

2. 关注公众号得二维码,微信就可以拿到wx_id,诱导用户,

  扫描bind_qcode二维码(是个地址),微信规定得:地址里面包含(app_id,redirect_url,uid)

  call_back(redirect_url)函数,用户扫描之后就会调用该方法,获取wx_id,存到数据库中,以便于给他推送消息。

 

3. call_back()函数中,获取用户得唯一ID,wx_id, openid = res.get("openid"),

  uid用户得到用户,update更新数据库中用户得wx_id字段。----注:这是微信回调得函数,需要公网IP,使我们得到wx_id,存起来

 

4. 发消息:

  可以发模板消息,也可以发消息内容

  先得到access_token(2小时有效期),

  发模板消息,调用模板id, 以及wx_id,就可以发送消息,关注该微信号得人,就会收到微信推送得消息。

 

import json
import functools
import requests
from django.conf import settings
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from app01 import models
# 沙箱环境地址:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login
def index(request):
    obj = models.UserInfo.objects.get(id=1)
    return render(request,'index.html',{'obj':obj})


def auth(func):
    @functools.wraps(func)
    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
        user_info = request.session.get('user_info')
        if not user_info:
            return redirect('/login/')
        return func(request, *args, **kwargs)

    return inner


def login(request):
    """
    用户登录
    :param request: 
    :return: 
    """
    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(username='luffy',password=123)

    if request.method == "POST":
        user = request.POST.get('user')
        pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
        obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user, password=pwd).first()
        if obj:
            request.session['user_info'] = {'id': obj.id, 'name': obj.username, 'uid': obj.uid}
            return redirect('/bind/')
    else:
        return render(request, 'login.html')


@auth
def bind(request):
    """
    用户登录后,关注公众号,并绑定个人微信(用于以后消息推送)
    :param request: 
    :return: 
    """
    return render(request, 'bind.html')


@auth
def bind_qcode(request):
    """
    生成二维码
    :param request: 
    :return: 
    """
    ret = {'code': 1000}
    try:
        access_url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid={appid}&redirect_uri={redirect_uri}&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state={state}#wechat_redirect"
        access_url = access_url.format(
            appid=settings.WECHAT_CONFIG["app_id"], # 'wx89085e915d351cae',
            redirect_uri=settings.WECHAT_CONFIG["redirect_uri"], # 'http://47.93.4.198/test/',
            state=request.session['user_info']['uid'] # 为当前用户生成MD5值
        )
        ret['data'] = access_url
    except Exception as e:
        ret['code'] = 1001
        ret['msg'] = str(e)

    return JsonResponse(ret)


def callback(request):
    """
    用户在手机微信上扫码后,微信自动调用该方法。
    用于获取扫码用户的唯一ID,以后用于给他推送消息。
    :param request: 
    :return: 
    """
    code = request.GET.get("code")

    # 用户md5值
    state = request.GET.get("state")

    # 获取该用户openId(用户唯一,用于给用户发送消息)
    res = requests.get(
        url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token",
        params={
            "appid": 'wx2daf9797dd8c6ebe',
            "secret": '3071a78cf1ba73e711b8d63636406380',
            "code": code,
            "grant_type": 'authorization_code',
        }
    ).json()
    # 获取的到openid表示用户授权成功
    openid = res.get("openid")
    if openid:
        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(uid=state).update(wx_id=openid)
        response = "<h1>授权成功 %s </h1>" % openid
    else:
        response = "<h1>用户扫码之后,手机上的提示</h1>"
    return HttpResponse(response)


def sendmsg(request):
    def get_access_token():
        """
        获取微信全局接口的凭证(默认有效期俩个小时)
        如果不每天请求次数过多, 通过设置缓存即可
        """
        result = requests.get(
            url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token",
            params={
                "grant_type": "client_credential",
                "appid": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG['app_id'],
                "secret": settings.WECHAT_CONFIG['appsecret'],
            }
        ).json()
        if result.get("access_token"):
            access_token = result.get('access_token')
        else:
            access_token = None
        return access_token

    access_token = get_access_token()

    openid = models.UserInfo.objects.get(id=1).wx_id

    def send_custom_msg():
        body = {
            "touser": openid,
            "msgtype": "text",
            "text": {
                "content": '云姐好美呀'
            }
        }
        response = requests.post(
            url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send",
            params={
                'access_token': access_token
            },
            data=bytes(json.dumps(body, ensure_ascii=False), encoding='utf-8')
        )
        # 这里可根据回执code进行判定是否发送成功(也可以根据code根据错误信息)
        result = response.json()
        return result

    def send_template_msg():
        """
        发送模版消息
        """
        res = requests.post(
            url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send",
            params={
                'access_token': access_token
            },
            json={
                "touser": openid,
                "template_id": '7NRsdPThxOTkdoOiYN1LPBm0D_eQeif_7Ph9nZisdic',
                "data": {
                    "first": {
                        "value": "小屁孩",
                        "color": "#173177"
                    },
                    "keyword1": {
                        "value": "嘿嘿嘿",
                        "color": "#173177"
                    },
                }
            }
        )
        result = res.json()
        return result

    # result = send_template_msg()
    result = send_custom_msg()

    if result.get('errcode') == 0:
        return HttpResponse('发送成功')
    return HttpResponse('发送失败')
views.py
{% load staticfiles %}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 600px;margin: 0 auto">
    <h1>请关注路飞学城服务号,并绑定个人用户(用于以后的消息提醒)</h1>
    <div>
        <h3>第一步:关注路飞学城微信服务号</h3>
        <img style="height: 100px;width: 100px" src="{% static "img/luffy_me.jpeg" %}">
    </div>
    <input type="button" value="下一步【获取绑定二维码】" onclick="getBindUserQcode()">
    <div>
        <h3>第二步:绑定个人账户</h3>
        <div id="qrcode" style="width: 250px;height: 250px;background-color: white;margin: 100px auto;"></div>
    </div>
</div>
<script src="{% static "js/jquery.min.js" %}"></script>
<script src="{% static "js/jquery.qrcode.min.js" %}"></script>
<script src="{% static "js/qrcode.js" %}"></script>
<script>
    function getBindUserQcode() {
        $.ajax({
            url: '/bind_qcode/',
            type: 'GET',
            success: function (result) {
                console.log(result);
                $('#qrcode').empty().qrcode({text: result.data});
            }
        });
    }
</script>

</body>
</html>
bind.html
# settings.py

############# 微信 ##############
WECHAT_CONFIG = { 'app_id': 'wx2daf9797dd8c6ebe', 'appsecret': '3071a78cf1ba73e711b8d63636406380', 'redirect_uri': 'http://10.0.0.200/callback/', # 'redirect_uri': 'http://47.98.134.86/callback/', }
# models.py

import hashlib
from django.db import models

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField("用户名", max_length=64, unique=True)
    password = models.CharField("密码", max_length=64)
    uid = models.CharField(verbose_name='个人唯一ID',max_length=64, unique=True)
    wx_id = models.CharField(verbose_name="微信ID", max_length=128, blank=True, null=True, db_index=True)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # 创建用户时,为用户自动生成个人唯一ID
        if not self.pk:
            m = hashlib.md5()
            m.update(self.username.encode(encoding="utf-8"))
            self.uid = m.hexdigest()
        super(UserInfo, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

 

https://github.com/alice-bj/wxbox

posted @ 2018-08-01 16:11  Alice的小屋  阅读(1410)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报