开发环境:MyEclipse,Spring2.0
(1)新建一个WebProject,命名为myApp,导入所需要的jar包:
在工程名上点右键-->BuildPath-->ConfigureBuildPath-->Libraries-->Add External Jars,导入spring.jar,commons-logging.jar,log4j-1.2.9.jar这3个包。(好像在Spring3.0以上的版本中,就没有spring.jar这个包了,取而代之的是一些分开的小包)。
(2)修改WEB-INF目录下web.xml文件,内容如下
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 初始化参数 -->
<!--
不知道为什么,如果加上下面的初始化参数,运行时就会报404错:dispatcherservlet is not available
<init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WebRoot/WEB-INF/dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
-->
</servlet>
<!-- 拦截所有以do结尾的请求 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
(3)编写实现输出的JSP页面index.jsp,放在WebRoot目录下
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<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head><title>第一个SpringMVC实例</title></head>
<%String str=(String)request.getAttribute("helloWorld"); %>
<body>
<H1><%=str %></H1>
</body>
</html>
(4)编写控制器HelloWorldAction.java,放在src目录下的com.jp.action包里
在Spring里,所有控制器最终都可以看作是实现了Controller接口。下面代码中的handleRequest()方法返回一个ModelAndView,用来显示返回的页面和页面上的内容
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package com.jp.action;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
//实现了Controller接口,需要在导入spring.jar包
public class HelloWorldAction implements Controller{
private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
private String helloWorld;
private String viewPage;
public String getHelloWorld() {
return helloWorld;
}
public void setHelloWorld(String helloWorld) {
this.helloWorld = helloWorld;
}
public String getViewPage() {
return viewPage;
}
public void setViewPage(String viewPage) {
this.viewPage = viewPage;
}
// 实现Controller接口中的handleRequest方法
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Map model=new HashMap();
model.put("helloWorld",getHelloWorld());
return new ModelAndView(getViewPage(),model);
}
}
(5)配置Spring文档dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml,放在WEB-INF目录下
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<!-- 定义映射 -->
<bean id="urlMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="helloWorld.do">helloWorldAction</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义视图 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass">
<value>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义控制器 -->
<bean id="helloWorldAction" class="com.jp.action.HelloWorldAction">
<property name="helloWorld">
<value>Good Luck!</value>
</property>
<property name="viewPage">
<value>/index.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
然后,将项目部署到Tomcat,在浏览器地址栏里输入http://localhost:8080/myApp/helloWorld.do ,即可看到下面的界面