[C++基础]023_为什么要将基类的析构函数声明为Virtual?

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 using namespace std;
 3 
 4 class Father{
 5 
 6 public:
 7     ~Father(){
 8         cout<<"Father's Desconstruct Called."<<endl;
 9     }
10 };
11 
12 class Son : public Father{
13 public:
14     ~Son(){
15         cout<<"Son's Desconstruct Called."<<endl;
16     }
17 };
18 
19 int main(){
20 
21     Father *f = new Son();
22     delete f;
23 
24     system("pause");
25 
26     return 0;
27 }

上面的代码,用父类指针指向new出来来的之类对象,这样是没问题的,接着,对这个父类指针变量进行了delete操作。上面的输出结果是什么呢?

Father's Desconstruct Called.

可见,子类的析构函数没有被调用,那如果子类中new了内存,那么那块内存就丢了。如何保证在删除父类指针的时候,子类的析构函数也被调用呢?看如下代码:

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 using namespace std;
 3 
 4 class Father{
 5 
 6 public:
 7     virtual ~Father(){
 8         cout<<"Father's Desconstruct Called."<<endl;
 9     }
10 };
11 
12 class Son : public Father{
13 public:
14     ~Son(){
15         cout<<"Son's Desconstruct Called."<<endl;
16     }
17 };
18 
19 int main(){
20 
21     Father *f = new Son();
22     delete f;
23 
24     system("pause");
25 
26     return 0;
27 }

输出是什么呢?

Son's Desconstruct Called.
Father's Desconstruct Called.

这就是动态联编的析构函数,至于为什么这样就可以调用子类的析构函数了,这就牵涉到另一个概念:虚函数表。具体请参照:http://blog.csdn.net/hairetz/article/details/4137000

posted @ 2012-10-12 15:19  邵贤军  阅读(1951)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报