Java day 05丶13

Java第十一天#

接口：在Java中，接口是实现可插入特性的保证。定义接口的关键字是interface，实现接口的关键字是implements，一个类可以实现多个接口，接口之间的继承支持多重继承。
接口和抽象类的异同
类/类和类/接口之间的关系
- IS-A关系：继承(Generalize)/实现(Realize)
- HAS-A关系：关联(Associate)/聚合（聚集）(Aggregate)/合成(Compose)
- USE-A关系：依赖(Dependency)
UML：统一建模语言（标准的图形化符号）
- 类图：描述类以及类和类之间关系的图形符号。
- 用例图：捕获需求。
- 时序图：描述对象交互关系。
面向对象的设计原则
- 单一职责原则（SRP）：类的设计要做到高内聚，一个类只承担单一的职责（不做不该它做的事情）。
- 开闭原则（OCP）：软件系统应该接受扩展（对扩展开放），不接受修改（对修改关闭）。要符合开闭原则：抽象是关键，封装可变性。
- 依赖倒转原则（DIP）：面向接口编程。声明变量的引用类型，声明方法的参数类型，声明方法的返回类型时，尽可能使用抽象类型而不是具体类型。
- 里氏替换原则（LSP）：用子类型替换父类型没有任何问题，用父类型替换子类型通常都是不行的。
- 接口隔离原则（ISP）：接口要小而专，不能大而全。
- 合成聚合复用原则（CARP）：优先考虑用强关联关系复用代码，而不是用继承关系复用代码。
- 迪米特法则（LoD）：对象之间尽可能少的发生联系。

练习一：###

package day0513;

import java.awt.Graphics;

/**
 * 能否在窗口上绘图的接口
 * @author jackfrued
 *
 */
public interface Drawable {

	/**
	 * 绘图
	 * @param g 画笔对象
	 */
	public abstract void draw(Graphics g);
}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Color;

/**
 * 图形(抽象类)
 * @author A
 *
 */
public abstract class Shape implements Drawable {
	protected int x;			// 中心的横坐标
	protected int y;			// 中心的纵坐标
	protected Color color;		// 颜色

	/**
	 * 计算面积
	 * @return 图形的面积
	 */
	public abstract double area();

	/**
	 * 计算周长
	 * @return 图形的周长
	 */
	public abstract double perimeter();

	public void setColor(Color color) {
		this.color = color;
	}

	public void setX(int x) {
		this.x = x;
	}

	public void setY(int y) {
		this.y = y;
	}

	public int getX() {
		return x;
	}

	public int getY() {
		return y;
	}
}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Graphics;

/**
 * 圆
 * @author A
 *
 */
public class Circle extends Shape {
	private int radius;		// 半径

	/**
	 * 构造器
	 * @param radius 半径
	 */
	public Circle(int radius) {
		this.radius = radius;
	}

	@Override
	public void draw(Graphics g) {
		g.setColor(color);
		g.drawOval(x - radius, y - radius, 2 * radius, 2 * radius);
	}

	@Override
	public double area() {
		return Math.PI * radius * radius;
	}

	@Override
	public double perimeter() {
		return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
	}

}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Graphics;
/**
 * 矩形
 * @author A
 *
 */
public class Rect extends Shape {
	private int width;		// 宽
	private int height;		// 高

	/**
	 * 构造器
	 * @param width 宽
	 * @param height 高
	 */
	public Rect(int width, int height) {
		this.width = width;
		this.height = height;
	}

	@Override
	public void draw(Graphics g) {
		g.setColor(color);
		g.drawRect(x - width / 2, y - height / 2, width, height);
	}

	@Override
	public double area() {
		return width * height;
	}

	@Override
	public double perimeter() {
		return (width + height) << 1;
	}
}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Graphics;

/**
 * 等边三角形
 * @author A
 *
 */
public class Triangle extends Shape {
	private int edge;

	/**
	 * 构造器
	 * @param edge 变长
	 */
	public Triangle(int edge) {
		this.edge = edge;
	}

	@Override
	public void draw(Graphics g) {
		int ax = x;
		int ay = (int) (y - edge * Math.cos(Math.PI / 6) 
				+ edge / 2 * Math.tan(Math.PI / 6));
		int bx = x - edge / 2;
		int by = (int) (y + edge / 2 * Math.tan(Math.PI / 6));
		int cx = x + edge / 2;
		int cy = (int) (y + edge / 2 * Math.tan(Math.PI / 6));

		g.setColor(color);
		g.drawLine(ax, ay, bx, by);
		g.drawLine(bx, by, cx, cy);
		g.drawLine(cx, cy, ax, ay);
	}

	@Override
	public double area() {
		double s = perimeter() / 2;
		return Math.sqrt(s * Math.pow(s - edge, 3));
	}

	@Override
	public double perimeter() {
		return 3 * edge;
	}

}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Color;

/**
 * 自定义工具类
 * @author A
 *
 */
public final class MyUtil {

	private MyUtil() {
	}

	/**
	 * 产生指定范围的随机整数
	 * @param min 最小值(闭区间)
	 * @param max 最大值(闭区间)
	 * @return 指定范围的随机整数
	 */
	public static int random(int min, int max) {
		return (int) (Math.random() * (max - min + 1) + min);
	}

	/**
	 * 生成随机颜色
	 * @return Color对象
	 */
	public static Color randomColor() {
		int r = random(0, 255);
		int g = random(0, 255);
		int b = random(0, 255);
		return new Color(r, g, b);
	}
}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class DrawingFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
	private List<Shape> shapeList = new ArrayList<Shape>();
	private List<Shape> redoList = new ArrayList<Shape>();

	private JButton circleButton, rectButton, triButton;
	private JButton undoButton, redoButton, clearButton;

	private Shape shape = null;
	private String shapeType = "Circle";

	public DrawingFrame() {
		this.setSize(800, 600);
		this.setResizable(false);
		this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

		circleButton = new JButton("Circle");
		circleButton.addActionListener(this);
		rectButton = new JButton("Rectangle");
		rectButton.addActionListener(this);
		triButton = new JButton("Triangle");
		triButton.addActionListener(this);

		undoButton = new JButton("撤销");
		undoButton.addActionListener(this);
		redoButton = new JButton("恢复");
		redoButton.addActionListener(this);
		clearButton = new JButton("清空");
		clearButton.addActionListener(this);

		this.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
		this.add(circleButton);
		this.add(rectButton);
		this.add(triButton);
		this.add(undoButton);
		this.add(redoButton);
		this.add(clearButton);

		this.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {

			@Override
			public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
				if(shapeType.equals("Circle")) {
					int radius = MyUtil.random(10, 280);
					shape = new Circle(radius);
				}
				else if(shapeType.equals("Rectangle")) {
					int width = MyUtil.random(10, 550);
					int height = MyUtil.random(10, 550);
					shape = new Rect(width, height);
				}
				else if(shapeType.equals("Triangle")) {
					int edge = MyUtil.random(50, 300);
					shape = new Triangle(edge);
				}

				if(shape != null) {
					shape.setX(e.getX());
					shape.setY(e.getY());
					Color color = MyUtil.randomColor();
					shape.setColor(color);
					shapeList.add(shape);

					repaint();
				}
			}
		});
	}

	@Override
	public void paint(Graphics g) {
		super.paint(g);
		for(Shape tempShape : shapeList) {
			tempShape.draw(g);
			g.drawString(
				String.format("周长: %.2f", tempShape.perimeter()), 
				tempShape.getX(), tempShape.getY());
			g.drawString(
				String.format("面积: %.2f", tempShape.area()), 
				tempShape.getX(), tempShape.getY() + 15);
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new DrawingFrame().setVisible(true);
	}

	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		if(e.getSource() == circleButton) {
			shapeType = "Circle";
		}
		else if(e.getSource() == rectButton) {
			shapeType = "Rectangle";
		}
		else if(e.getSource() == triButton) {
			shapeType = "Triangle";
		}
		else if(e.getSource() == undoButton) {
			if(shapeList.size() > 0) {
				Shape temp = shapeList.remove(shapeList.size() - 1);
				redoList.add(temp);
				repaint();
			}
		}
		else if(e.getSource() == redoButton) {
			if(redoList.size() > 0) {
				Shape temp = redoList.remove(redoList.size() - 1);
				shapeList.add(temp);
				repaint();
			}
		}
		else if(e.getSource() == clearButton) {
			shapeList.clear();
			repaint();
		}
	}
}

练习二##

创建五子棋棋盘：###

package day0513;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;

/**
 * 棋盘
 * @author A
 *
 */
public class Board {
	private static final int CELL_SIZE = 40;
	private CellState[][] board = new CellState[15][15];
	private int lastRow = -1, lastCol = -1;
	
	public Board() {
		reset();
	}

	/**
	 * 走棋
	 * @param row 落子的行
	 * @param col 落子的列
	 * @param isBlack 是不是黑棋
	 * @return 如果落子成功返回true否则返回false
	 */
	public boolean move(int row, int col, boolean isBlack) {
		if(board[row][col] == CellState.Empty) {
			board[row][col] = isBlack? CellState.Black : CellState.White;
			lastRow = row;
			lastCol = col;
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * 绘制棋盘和棋子
	 * @param g 画笔
	 */
	public void draw(Graphics g) {
		// 纵横15条线
		for(int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) {
			g.drawLine(30, 30 + CELL_SIZE * i, 590, 30 + CELL_SIZE * i);
			g.drawLine(30 + CELL_SIZE * i, 30, 30 + CELL_SIZE * i, 590);
		}

		g.fillOval(305, 305, 10, 10);		// 天元

		Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
		g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3));	// 将画笔变粗
		g.drawRect(25, 25, 570, 570);		// 外边框

		// 对棋盘的行和列进行循环绘制棋子
		for(int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) {
			for(int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++) {
				if(board[i][j] != CellState.Empty) {	// 不是空白
					Color color = board[i][j] == CellState.Black? Color.BLACK : Color.WHITE;
					g.setColor(color);
					g.fillOval(10 + CELL_SIZE * j, 10 + CELL_SIZE * i,
							CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE);
				}
			}
		}

		if(lastRow != -1 && lastCol != -1) {
			g.setColor(Color.RED);
			g.drawLine(25 + CELL_SIZE * lastCol, 30 + CELL_SIZE * lastRow,
					35 + CELL_SIZE * lastCol, 30 + CELL_SIZE * lastRow);
			g.drawLine(30 + CELL_SIZE * lastCol, 25 + CELL_SIZE * lastRow,
					30 + CELL_SIZE * lastCol, 35 + CELL_SIZE * lastRow);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 重置棋盘
	 */
	public void reset() {
		lastRow = -1;
		lastCol = -1;
		for(int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) {
			for(int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++) {
				board[i][j] = CellState.Empty;
			}
		}
	}
}

package day0513;
/**
 * 枚举法
 * @author A
 *
 */
public enum CellState {
	Empty, Black, White
}

package day0513;

import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
/**
 * 窗口
 * @author A
 *
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class RenjuDialog extends JDialog {
	private RenjuPanel panel = new RenjuPanel();

	public RenjuDialog() {
		this.setTitle("五子棋");
		this.setSize(625, 645);
		this.setResizable(false);
		this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
		this.setIconImage(new ImageIcon("renju.png").getImage());

		this.add(panel);

		this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {

			@Override
			public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
				if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_F2) {   //使用F2重置游戏
					panel.reset();
					repaint();
				}
			}

		});
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new RenjuDialog().setVisible(true);
	}
}

package day0513;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;

import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;

/**
 * 五子棋的面板
 * @author A
 *
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class RenjuPanel extends JPanel {
	private Timer timer = null;

	private Board b = new Board();		// 创建棋盘对象
	private boolean isBlack = true;		// 是否黑方走棋
	private boolean gameBegin = false;	// 游戏是否开始

	public RenjuPanel() {
		this.setSize(620, 620);

		this.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {	// 添加鼠标事件监听器监听鼠标按下事件

			@Override
			public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
				if(gameBegin) {
					int x = e.getX();
					int y = e.getY();
					if(x >= 20 && x <= 600 && y >= 20 && y <= 600) {
						int row = Math.round((y - 30) / 40.0f);
						int col = Math.round((x - 30) / 40.0f);
						if(b.move(row, col, isBlack)) {	// 在鼠标点击位置走棋
							isBlack = !isBlack;
							repaint();
						}
					}
				}
			}
		});

		timer = new Timer(100, new ActionListener() {

			@Override
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				int row = (int) (Math.random() * 15);
				int col = (int) (Math.random() * 15);
				if(b.move(row, col, isBlack)) {
					isBlack = !isBlack;
					repaint();
				}
			}
		});

		timer.start();
	}

	@Override
	public void paint(Graphics g) {
		super.paint(g);
		// 绘制背景
		g.setColor(Color.ORANGE);
		g.fillRect(0, 0, 620, 620);

		// 绘制棋盘
		g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
		b.draw(g);
	}

	/**
	 * 重置五子棋面板
	 */
	public void reset() {
		timer.stop();
		b.reset();
		isBlack = true;
		gameBegin = true;
	}
}

posted @ 2015-05-14 18:46 悲伤丶才说爱阅读(115) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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Java day 05丶13

Java第十一天#

练习一：###

练习二##

创建五子棋棋盘：###

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