cocos2d-x 显示中文字符和解析XML文件 转载

源地址:http://codingnow.cn/cocos2d-x/1038.html

在cocos2d-x中直接显示中文的时候会出现乱码,虽然在实际开发中把字符串直接写在代码里也不是好的做法,但是有时候也是为了更方便了。
本文采用两种方案来解决这个问题:
1. 使用iconv,引擎也提供了这个库,不过只是win32平台,移植到android上还得自己去下载iconv库编译。
2. 把字符串写到xml文件中,然后解析xml文件,格式按照android中的strings.xml
这是一种更好的做法,特别是需要提供国际化支持时。
下面来看具体的实现:
1. 使用iconv库
iconv的作用是将文本在多种国际编码格式之间进行转换。
(1) 首先包含iconv.h头文件,c++->常规->附加包含目录:cocos2dx\platform\third_party\win32\iconv,如图:

(2) 创建头文件IconvString.h,源码:

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#ifndef ICONV_STRING_H
#define ICONV_STRING_H
 
int convert(char *from_charset, char *to_charset, char *inbuf, size_t inlen, char *outbuf, size_t outlen);
 
int gbk2utf8(char *inbuf, size_t inlen, char *outbuf, size_t outlen);
 
#endif

(3) 创建源文件IconvString.cpp,源码:

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#include <string>
#include "iconv.h"
 
#if (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_WIN32)
// 编译链接的时候指定静态库
#pragma comment(lib,"libiconv.lib")
#endif
 
int convert(char *from_charset, char *to_charset, char *inbuf, size_t inlen, char *outbuf, size_t outlen)
{
    iconv_t iconvH;
    iconvH = iconv_open(to_charset, from_charset);
    if( !iconvH ) return NULL;
    memset(outbuf, 0, outlen);
 
 #if(CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_WIN32)
    const char *temp = inbuf;
    const char **pin = &temp;
    char **pout = &outbuf;
    if( !iconv(iconvH, pin, &inlen, pout, &outlen) )
    {
        iconv_close(iconvH);
        return NULL;
    }
#else
    if( !iconv(iconvH, &inbuf, &inlen, &outbuf, &outlen) )
    {
        iconv_close(iconvH);
        return NULL;
    }
#endif
    iconv_close(iconvH);
    return NULL;
}
 
int gbk2utf8(char *inbuf, size_t inlen, char *outbuf, size_t outlen)
{
    return convert("gb2312", "utf-8", inbuf, inlen, outbuf, outlen);
}

代码比较简单,需要注意的是win32和android对应的iconv函数参数不一样。在win32平台需要指定lib库,它是iconv.h头文件对应的源码实现。android平台需要下载iconv库,编译的时候在iconv库的根目录下创建一个Android.mk文件就行,Android.mk内容如下:

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LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
#libiconv.so
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := libiconv
LOCAL_CFLAGS := \
  -Wno-multichar \
  -DAndroid \
  -DLIBDIR="c" \
  -DBUILDING_LIBICONV \
  -DIN_LIBRARY
 
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
  libcharset/lib/localcharset.c \
  lib/iconv.c \
  lib/relocatable.c
 
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES += \
  $(LOCAL_PATH)/include \
  $(LOCAL_PATH)/libcharset \
  $(LOCAL_PATH)/lib \
  $(LOCAL_PATH)/libcharset/include \
  $(LOCAL_PATH)/srclib
include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)

(4) 下面来看看如何使用,源码:

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char *inBuf = "iconv: 你好,Alex Zhou";
size_t inLen = strlen(inBuf);
size_t outLen = inLen << 1;
char *outBuf = (char *)malloc(outLen);
gbk2utf8(inBuf, inLen, outBuf, outLen);
 
CCLabelTTF* pLabel = CCLabelTTF::create(outBuf, "Arial", 30);
pLabel->setColor(ccBLACK);
free(outBuf);

要注意转码前后的字符串占的空间是不一样的, 需要知道每种编码格式字符占的字节数:我的vs选择的是Unicode字符集,所以中文字符占2个字节,英文字符占1个字节;gb2312每个字符占2个字节,而UTF-8中文字符占3个字节,英文字符占1个字节。所以这里把存储输出的字符串的数组容量扩大了一部。
效果图:

2. 使用xml的方式
这里使用了引擎提供的CCSAXParser来解析xml,它内部是用libxml2来实现的。
(1) 创建XmlParser.h文件,源码:

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#ifndef XML_PARSE_H
#define XML_PARSE_H
 
#include <string>
#include "cocos2d.h"
 
class XMLParser : public cocos2d::CCObject, public cocos2d::CCSAXDelegator
{
public:
    static XMLParser* parseWithFile(const char *xmlFileName);
 
    static XMLParser* parseWithString(const char *content);
 
    XMLParser();
    virtual ~XMLParser();
 
    // 从本地xml文件读取
    bool initWithFile(const char *xmlFileName);
 
    // 从字符中读取,可用于读取网络中的xml数据
    bool initWithString(const char *content);
 
    /**
    *对应xml标签开始,如:<string name="alex">, name为string,atts为string的属性,如["name","alex"]
    */
    virtual void startElement(void *ctx, const char *name, const char **atts);
 
    /**
    *对应xml标签结束,如:</string>
    */
    virtual void endElement(void *ctx, const char *name);
 
    /**
    *对应xml标签文本,如:<string name="alex">Alex Zhou</string>的Alex Zhou
    */
    virtual void textHandler(void *ctx, const char *s, int len);
 
    cocos2d::CCString* getString(const char *key);
 
private:
    cocos2d::CCDictionary *m_pDictionary;
    std::string m_key;
 
    std::string startXMLElement;
    std::string endXMLElement;
 
};
 
#endif

代码里已对主要的函数进行了解释,这里就不啰嗦了。
(2) 创建XmlParser.cpp,源码:

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#include "XMLParser.h"
 
using namespace std;
using namespace cocos2d;
 
// 空格
const static int SPACE = 32;
// 换行
const static int NEXTLINE = 10;
// tab 横向制表符
const static int TAB = 9;
 
XMLParser* XMLParser::parseWithFile(const char *xmlFileName)
{
    XMLParser *pXMLParser = new XMLParser();
    if( pXMLParser->initWithFile(xmlFileName) )
    {
        pXMLParser->autorelease();  
        return pXMLParser;
    }
    CC_SAFE_DELETE(pXMLParser);
    return NULL;
}
 
bool XMLParser::initWithFile(const char *xmlFileName)
{
    m_pDictionary = new CCDictionary();
    CCSAXParser _parser;
    _parser.setDelegator(this);
    const char *fullPath = CCFileUtils::sharedFileUtils()->fullPathFromRelativePath(xmlFileName);
    return _parser.parse(fullPath);
}
 
XMLParser* XMLParser::parseWithString(const char *content)
{
    XMLParser *pXMLParser = new XMLParser();
    if( pXMLParser->initWithString(content) )
    {
        pXMLParser->autorelease();  
        return pXMLParser;
    }
    CC_SAFE_DELETE(pXMLParser);
    return NULL;
}
 
bool XMLParser::initWithString(const char *content)
{
    m_pDictionary = new CCDictionary();
    CCSAXParser _parse;
    _parse.setDelegator(this);
    return _parse.parse(content, strlen(content) );
}
 
void XMLParser::startElement(void *ctx, const char *name, const char **atts)
{
    this->startXMLElement = (char *)name;
    CCLog("start=%s", startXMLElement.c_str());
    if(this->startXMLElement == "string")
    {
        while(atts && *atts)
        {
            const char *attsKey = *atts;   
            if(0 == strcmp(attsKey, "name"))
            {
                ++ atts;
                const char *attsValue = *atts;
                m_key = attsValue;
                break;
            }
            ++ atts;
        }
 
    }
 
}
 
void XMLParser::endElement(void *ctx, const char *name)
{
    this->endXMLElement = (char *)name;
    CCLog("end=%s", endXMLElement.c_str());
}
 
void XMLParser::textHandler(void *ctx, const char *s, int len)
{
    string value((char *)s, 0, len);
    //是否全是非正常字符
    bool noValue = true;
    for(int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
    {
        if(s[i] != SPACE && s[i] != NEXTLINE && s[i] != TAB)
        {
            noValue = false;   
            break;
        }
    }
    if(noValue) return;
    CCString *pString = CCString::create(value);
    CCLog("key=%s value=%s", m_key.c_str(), pString->getCString());
    this->m_pDictionary->setObject(pString, this->m_key);
}
 
CCString* XMLParser::getString(const char *key)
{
    string strKey(key);
    return (CCString *)this->m_pDictionary->objectForKey(strKey);
}
 
XMLParser::XMLParser()
{
}
 
XMLParser::~XMLParser()
{
    CC_SAFE_DELETE(this->m_pDictionary);
}

如xml部分内容为:

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<string name="a">b</string>

上面的代码的作用是把key=a,value=b存储到字典中。
(3)下面来看看如何使用XmlParser,源码:

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XMLParser *pXmlParser = XMLParser::parseWithFile("strings.xml");
CCString *pValue1 = pXmlParser->getString("hello");
CCString *pValue2 = pXmlParser->getString("name");
CCString *pValue = CCString::createWithFormat("%s%s%s%s", "XML: ", pValue1->getCString(), ",", pValue2->getCString());
CCLabelTTF* pLabel = CCLabelTTF::create(pValue->getCString(), "Arial", 30);
pLabel->setColor(ccBLACK);

strings.xml的内容:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string name="hello">你好</string>
    <string name="name">Alex Zhou</string>
</resources>

效果如图:

ok,到这里就结束了,android对应的iconv库我已经打包到源码中了。
源码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/zhoujianghai/5031137

 

2013年8月11号更新:
有朋友反馈说在xml中的换行符(“\n”)不起作用,原因是XMLParser解析xml时,把”\n”变成了”\\n”,这样就会把换行符原样输出了,解决方法很简单,直接把”\\n”替换成”\n”就可以了,添加一个字符串替换函数。原理:遍历原字符串,查找要替换的字符串在原字符串中的位置pos,然后截取从i到pos的子字符串再跟新字符串拼接,然后更新i,继续查找。在XmlParser.cpp中添加下面的字符串替换函数:

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string replace(string source, string pattern, string dstPattern)
{
    string result;
    string::size_type pos;
 
    int lenSource = source.length();
    int i = 0;
 
    for(i = 0; i < lenSource; ++i)
    {
        pos = source.find(pattern, i);
        if(string::npos == pos)
            break;
 
        if(pos < lenSource)
        {
            string s = source.substr(i, pos - i);
            result += s;
            result += dstPattern;
            i = pos + pattern.length() - 1;
        }
    }
    result += source.substr(i);
    return result;
}

修改XmlParser.cpp的textHandler函数:

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void XMLParser::textHandler(void *ctx, const char *s, int len)
{
    if(this->m_key.length() == 0)
        return;
 
    string value((char*)s, 0, len);
    CCLog("s=%s, len=%d", value.c_str(), value.length());
    //是否全是非正常字符
    bool noValue = true;
 
    for(int i = 0; i < value.length(); ++i)
    {
        char c = value.at(i);
        CCLog("v=%d", c);
 
        if(c != SPACE && c != NEXTLINE && c != TAB)
        {
            noValue = false;   
            break;
        }
    }
    if(noValue) return;
    string result = replace(value, string("\\n"), string("\n"));
    CCString *pString = CCString::create(result);
    CCLog("key=%s value=%s", m_key.c_str(), pString->getCString());
    this->m_pDictionary->setObject(pString, this->m_key);
}

更新strings.xml:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string name="hello">你好世界\n</string>
    <string name="name">Alex Zhou</string>
</resources>

运行效果如下图:

posted @ 2013-11-07 21:30  Z.XML  阅读(518)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报