瀑布流布局学习
- 特点：等宽不等高。
- 实现方式：Javascript/Jquery/CSS3多栏布局。
- 样例网站：花瓣网-->分类（http://huaban.com/）
一、JS实现瀑布流
index.html:页面结构
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>瀑布流布局</title> 6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/layout.css"> 7 </head> 8 <body> 9 <div id="main"> 10 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/0.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 11 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/1.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 12 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/2.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 13 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/3.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 14 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/4.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 15 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/5.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 16 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/6.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 17 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/7.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 18 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/8.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 19 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/9.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 20 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/10.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 21 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/11.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 22 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/12.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 23 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/13.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 24 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/14.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 25 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/15.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 26 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/16.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 27 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/17.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 28 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/18.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 29 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/19.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 30 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/20.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 31 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/21.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 32 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/22.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 33 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/23.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 34 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/24.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 35 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/25.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 36 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/26.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 37 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/27.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 38 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/28.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 39 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/29.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 40 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/30.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 41 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/31.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 42 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/32.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 43 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/33.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 44 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/34.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 45 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/35.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 46 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/36.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 47 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/37.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 48 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/38.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 49 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/39.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 50 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/40.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 51 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/41.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 52 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/42.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 53 <div class="box"><div class="pic"><img src="../waterFall/pic/43.jpg" alt=""></div></div> 54 </div> 55 <script src="scripts/waterfall.js"></script> 56 </body> 57 </html>
layout.css:页面元素样式
1 *{ 2 pdding:0; 3 margin:0; 4 } 5 div#main{ 6 position: relative; 7 } 8 div.box{ 9 padding:15px 0 0 15px; 10 float: left; 11 } 12 div.pic{ 13 padding:10px; 14 border:1px solid #ccc; 15 border-radius:5px; 16 box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ccc; 17 } 18 .pic img{ 19 height:auto; 20 width:165px; 21 }
waterfall.js
1 window.onload=function(){ 2 waterFall('main','box'); 3 //模拟后台相应数据json 4 var dataInt={ 5 "data": 6 [ 7 {"src":"0.jpg"}, 8 {"src":"1.jpg"}, 9 {"src":"2.jpg"}, 10 {"src":"3.jpg"}, 11 {"src":"4.jpg"}, 12 {"src":"5.jpg"}, 13 {"src":"6.jpg"} 14 ] 15 } 16 window.onscroll=function(){ 17 if(checkScrollSlide){ 18 //将数据块渲染到当前页面的尾部 19 var oParent=document.getElementById("main"); 20 for(var i=0;i<dataInt.data.length;i++){ 21 var oBox=document.createElement("div"); 22 oBox.className="box"; 23 oParent.appendChild(oBox); 24 var oPic=document.createElement("div"); 25 oPic.className="pic"; 26 oBox.appendChild(oPic); 27 var img=document.createElement("img"); 28 img.setAttribute("src",dataInt.data[i]); 29 img.src="pic/"+dataInt.data[i].src; 30 oPic.appendChild(img); 31 } 32 dataInt=null;//清空数据块，防止无限加载 33 waterFall('main','box');//对页面新元素进行布局渲染 34 } 35 } 36 } 37 function waterFall(parent,box){ 38 //将main下的class为box的所有元素取出来 39 var oParent=document.getElementById(parent); 40 var oBoxs=getByClass(oParent,box); 41 console.log(oBoxs.length); 42 //计算整个页面显示的列数（页面宽/box宽） 43 var oBoxW=oBoxs[0].offsetWidth; 44 // console.log(oBoxW); 45 var cols=Math.floor(document.documentElement.clientWidth/oBoxW); 46 // console.log(cols); 47 //设置main的宽 48 oParent.style.cssText="width:"+oBoxW*cols+"px;margin:0 auto;" 49 var hArr=[];//存放每列高度的数组 50 for(var i=0;i<oBoxs.length;i++){ 51 if(i<cols){ 52 hArr.push(oBoxs[i].offsetHeight); 53 }else{ 54 var minH=Math.min.apply(null,hArr);//获取当前数组最小高度值 55 // console.log(minH); 56 var index=getMinhIndex(hArr,minH);//获取数组最小高度的索引 57 //console.log(index); 58 oBoxs[i].style.position="absolute";//将之后的图片依次绝对定位 59 oBoxs[i].style.top=minH+"px"; 60 oBoxs[i].style.left=index*oBoxW+"px";//计算新图片所在的位置并赋值 61 hArr[index]+=oBoxs[i].offsetHeight;//变化数组列的高度值，因为加上了一张图片 62 } 63 //console.log(hArr); 64 } 65 66 } 67 //根据class获取元素 68 function getByClass(parent,clsName){ 69 var boxArr=new Array(),//用来存储获取到的所有class为box的元素 70 oElements=parent.getElementsByTagName("*"); 71 for(var i=0;i<oElements.length;i++){ 72 if(oElements[i].className==clsName){ 73 boxArr.push(oElements[i]); 74 } 75 } 76 return boxArr; 77 } 78 function getMinhIndex(arr,val){ 79 for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){ 80 if(arr[i]==val){ 81 return i; 82 } 83 } 84 85 } 86 //检测是否具备滚动条加载数据块条件 87 function checkScrollSlide(){ 88 var oParent=document.getElementById("main"); 89 var oBoxs=getByClass(oParent,"box"); 90 var lastBoxH=oBoxs[oBoxs.length-1].offsetTop+Math.floor(oBoxs[oBoxs.length-1].offsetHeight/2); 91 var scrollTop=document.body.scrollTop||document.documentElement.scrollTop;//混杂模式和标准模式下的scrollTop获取 92 //console.log(scrollTop); 93 var height=document.body.clientHeight||document.documentElement.clientHeight;//混杂模式和标准模式下的浏览器窗口高度获取 94 return (lastBoxH<scrollTop+height)?true:false;//检测最后一个box高度是否小于滚动高度+窗口高度，返回布尔值 95 96 }
二、JQuery
1 $( window ).on( "load", function(){ 2 waterfall('main','pin'); 3 var dataInt={'data':[{'src':'1.jpg'},{'src':'2.jpg'},{'src':'3.jpg'},{'src':'4.jpg'}]}; 4 window.onscroll=function(){ 5 if(checkscrollside()){ 6 $.each( dataInt.data, function( index, value ){ 7 var $oPin = $('<div>').addClass('pin').appendTo( $( "#main" ) ); 8 var $oBox = $('<div>').addClass('box').appendTo( $oPin ); 9 $('<img>').attr('src','./images/' + $( value).attr( 'src') ).appendTo($oBox); 10 }); 11 waterfall(); 12 }; 13 } 14 }); 15 16 /* 17 parend 父级id 18 pin 元素id 19 */ 20 function waterfall(parent,pin){ 21 var $aPin = $( "#main>div" ); 22 var iPinW = $aPin.eq( 0 ).width();// 一个块框pin的宽 23 var num = Math.floor( $( window ).width() / iPinW );//每行中能容纳的pin个数【窗口宽度除以一个块框宽度】 24 //oParent.style.cssText='width:'+iPinW*num+'px;ma rgin:0 auto;';//设置父级居中样式：定宽+自动水平外边距 25 $( "#main" ).css({ 26 'width:' : iPinW * num, 27 'margin': '0 auto' 28 }); 29 30 var pinHArr=[];//用于存储 每列中的所有块框相加的高度。 31 32 $aPin.each( function( index, value ){ 33 var pinH = $aPin.eq( index ).height(); 34 if( index < num ){ 35 pinHArr[ index ] = pinH; //第一行中的num个块框pin 先添加进数组pinHArr 36 }else{ 37 var minH = Math.min.apply( null, pinHArr );//数组pinHArr中的最小值minH 38 var minHIndex = $.inArray( minH, pinHArr ); 39 $( value ).css({ 40 'position': 'absolute', 41 'top': minH + 15, 42 'left': $aPin.eq( minHIndex ).position().left 43 }); 44 //数组 最小高元素的高 + 添加上的aPin[i]块框高 45 pinHArr[ minHIndex ] += $aPin.eq( index ).height() + 15;//更新添加了块框后的列高 46 } 47 }); 48 } 49 50 function checkscrollside(){ 51 var $aPin = $( "#main>div" ); 52 var lastPinH = $aPin.last().get(0).offsetTop + Math.floor($aPin.last().height()/2);//创建【触发添加块框函数waterfall()】的高度：最后一个块框的距离网页顶部+自身高的一半(实现未滚到底就开始加载) 53 var scrollTop = $( window ).scrollTop()//注意解决兼容性 54 var documentH = $( document ).height();//页面高度 55 return (lastPinH < scrollTop + documentH ) ? true : false;//到达指定高度后 返回true，触发waterfall()函数 56 }
三、CSS多栏布局
1 .container{ 2 -webkit-column-width:160px; 3 -moz-column-width:160px; 4 -webkit-column-gap:5px; 5 -moz-column-gap:5px; 6 } 7 8 9 /*数据块 砖块*/ 10 11 .container div{width:160px; 12 margin:4px 0;}
【css3和js实现方法比较】 --css3方式-- 1：不需要计算，浏览器自动计算，只需设置1列宽，性能高 2:列宽随着浏览器宽口大小进行改变，用户体验不好； 3：图片排序按照垂直顺序排列，打乱图片显示顺序 4.图片加载还是需要js --js方式-- js实现的瀑布流不会有上面的缺点，但是性能相对要差！
